Pierre Trudeau was the Prime Minister of Canada from 1968 to 1984. He promoted official bilingualism and added the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms to the constitution. Trudeau sought to make Canada more independent on the world stage and less aligned with either side of the Cold War. He cut defense spending and promoted peacekeeping efforts and international aid. Though his spending increased Canada's national debt, Trudeau remained a popular leader who modernized Canada and its relationship with the world.