If there any mistake was done by me, please forgive me.

1. Presentation on
Physical method of Drug Degradation
Presented by – Ehetasmul Haque
Batch : 19th
Roll : 564
Reg. No : WUB 14/17/19/564
Presented to – Jalal Uddin
Lecturer

2. Topics
 Drug degradation
 Factors effecting Drug degradation
 Types of Drug degradation
 Factors effecting Physical degradation

3. Drug degradation
 Degradation: Degradation is define as
the condition or process of degrading or
being degraded decline to a lower quality,
condition or level.
 Drug degradation : The capacity or the
capability of a particular formulation in a
specific container to remain with in
particular chemical, microbiological,
therapeutical, physical & toxicological
specification.

4. Factors effecting Drug
degradation
Factors effecting the drug stability are
as under –
 pH
 Temperature
 Moisture
 Light
 Radiations

5. Types of Drug degradation
Drug degradation can be divided into two
major types. These are –
 Physical degradation
 Chemical degradation

6. Physical Degradation
 It is a degradation, which results into
the change of physical nature of the
drug.

7. Factors effecting Physical
degradation
 Loss of volatile components
 Loss of H2O
 Absorption of H2O
 Crystal growth
 Polymorphic changes
 Color changes

8. Loss of volatile components
 Volatile components such as Alcohol
ether, Iodine volatile oils, Camphor
menthol etc. escape from the
formulations.
e.g: Nitroglycerine from drugs
evaporates

9. Loss of H2O
 Loss of water from oil in water emulsions
thus its stability changes. Water
evaporates causing the crystalline
growth. This will result into increase in
potency and decrease in weight.
This tendency depends on temperature
and humidity of surrounding
environment.
e.g: water evaporates from efflorescent
salts such as Na2SO4, borax

10. Absorption of H2O
 Hygroscopic drugs absorb the water
from external atmosphere causing the
physical degradation. Depends on
temperature and humidity of
surrounding material.
e.g:
. Glycerin suppositories may become
opaque.
· Gelatin capsule may soften.
· Some deliquescent salts calcium
chloride, potassium citrate

11. Crystal growth
 In solutions after super saturation
crystal growth occurs reason may be
the fall in temp and a consequent
decrease in solubility of solute.
 e.g: Injection of calcium gluconate.
· In suspensions crystals settle down
and caking occurs and suspension
becomes unstable.
. Ophthalmic preparations

12. Polymorphic changes
 In polymorphic changes crystal forms
are changed. A stable crystal form
loosens. This may cause alteration in
solubility and possibly crystalline
growth in aqueous suspensions

13. Color changes
Color changes are two types. These are
-
a. Loss of color
b. Development of color
 a. Loss of color is due to Ph change
and presence of reducing agent.
 b. Development of color is due to
exposure to light.

14. Thank you