3. An array is assigned to a single variable, but it
can hold dozens of individual pieces of
information.
Each individual bit of information, or row, is
referred to as an array element.
Within every array element there are two parts:
the value, which contains the actual
information you want to store, and a unique
key which identifies the value.
you will learn later how key palys an
importanat role in the process of accessing
and manipulating array elements.
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4. Keys can either be non-negative integers or
strings.
Array with integers as key are the most
common type and known as SCALAR ARRAYs.
Those with key as string are known as
ASSOCIATIVE ARRAY.
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5. There are 2 kinds of arrays in php: indexed
and associative arrray.
Key of indexed array is integer starts with 0.
Indexed array are used when we identify
things with their position.
Associative arrays have strings as keys and
behave more like two-columns table.
The first column is key and second is use to
access value.
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7. In numeric array have to create only
elements, id will be automatically assigned to
the elements.
example
<?php
$a = array("train", "car","bus");
print_r($a);
?>
output
Array ( [0] => train [1] => car [2] => bus )
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8. In associative array we have create element
with id.
example
<?php
$a =
array("6"=>"train","7"=>"car","8"=>"bus");
print_r($a);
?>
Out put.
Array ( [6] => train [7] => car [8] => bus )
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9. Multidimensioanl array means we have to create
array within array.
example
<?php
$a = array("a","b"=>array("train","car"),"bus");
print_r($a);
?>
Out put.
Array ( [0] => a [b] => Array ( [0] => train [1] =>
car ) [1] => bus )
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10. Create an array by using the elements from
one "keys" array and one "values" array:
<?php
$fname=array("Peter","Ben","Joe");
$age=array("35","37","43");
$c=array_combine($fname,$age);
print_r($c);
?>
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11. This function is for counting the values of an
array.
<?php
$no=array(0=>"5",1=>"10",2=>"15",3=>"15
");
print_r(array_count_values($no));
?>
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12. Compare the values of two arrays, and return the
differences(difference value is displayes of first
array.)
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","b"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
print_r(array_diff($animal1,$animal3));
?>
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13. Merge two arrays into one array:
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
print_r(array_merge($animal1,$animal2,$animal3
));
?>
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14. Merge two arrays into one array:
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
print_r(array_merge_recursive($animal1,$animal2
,$animal3));
?>
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15. Returns an array in the reverse order
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
print_r(array_reverse($animal1));
?>
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16. Searches an array for a given value and returns
the key
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
print_r(array_search("lion"$animal1));
?>
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17. The array_sum() function returns the sum of
all the values in the array.
<?php
$a=array(5,15,25);
echo array_sum($a);
?>
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18. This function sorts an associative array in desending
order, according to the value.
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger","c"=>"dog","d
"=>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
arsort($animal1);
foreach ($animal1 as $key =>$val)
{
echo "$key = $val"."<br>";
}
?>
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19. This function sorts an associative array in ascending order,
according to the value
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger","c"=>"dog","d"=
>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
asort($animal1);
foreach ($animal1 as $key =>$val)
{
echo "$key = $val"."<br>";
}
?>
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20. This function sorts an associative array in desending order,
according to the key.
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger","c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger
");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
arsort($animal1);
foreach ($animal1 as $key =>$val)
{
echo "$key = $val"."<br>";
}
?>
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21. This function sorts an associative array in ascending order,
according to the key
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger","c"=>"dog","d"=
>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
asort($animal1);
foreach ($animal1 as $key =>$val)
{
echo "$key = $val"."<br>";
}
?>
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22. This function is to find out no. of elements in an
array.
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger","c"=>"d
og","d"=>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
asort($animal1);
print_r(sizeof($animal1));
?>
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23. Removes the first element from an array and returns the
value of the removed element.
<?php
$animal1=array("a"=>"lion","b"=>"tiger","c"=>"dog","d"=
>"tiger");
$animal2=array("c"=>"dog","d"=>"tiger");
$animal3=array("a"=>"cow","g"=>"tiger");
echo array_shift($animal1);
echo "<br>";
print_r($animal1);
?>
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24. Return an array of random keys:
<?php
$input=array("a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h",);
$rand_keys = array_rand($input,2);
echo $input[$rand_keys[0]]."n";
echo $input[$rand_keys[1]]."n";
?>
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25. array_push() function inserts one or more
elements to the end of an array.
You can add one value, or as many as you
like.
Even if your array has string keys, your added
elements will always have numeric keys.
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27. array_pop() function deletes the last element
of an array.
<?php
$a=array("tree","car","bike");
array_pop($a);
print_r($a);
?>
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