Phi 208 week 2 quiz new 2017
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This document appears to be a quiz for a philosophy course covering animal ethics topics. It contains 20 multiple choice questions testing understanding of views presented by Peter Singer, Tom Regan, and John Stuart Mill on issues like speciesism, utilitarianism, and the treatment of animals in agriculture. The questions cover key ideas and arguments from assigned readings including Singer's "All Animals are Equal" and the documentary "Meet Your Meat".
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According to the video Meet Your Meat”, which of the following is.docx
According to the video “Meet Your Meat”, which of the following is true of how animals are slaughtered on factory farms (Points : 1)
All of the above.
They are driven in extreme weather conditions without food or water
They are often still conscious while being slaughtered
They are often roughly handled and severely injured by the time they make it to slaughter
Question 2.2. Peter Singer’s “basic principle of equality” applied to animals means: (Points : 1)
Animals should not be given the same moral consideration because they are do not have the same power to reason as humans.
Animals do not have rights unless they can demonstrate the same abilities as humans.
Animals should be given all the same rights as human beings.
Animals are not necessarily entitled to not all the same rights, but to an equal consideration of interests.
Question 3.3. What is a key feature of utilitarianism according to the assigned texts? (Points : 1)
Utilitarianism denies that moral questions have a right or wrong answer.
Utilitarianism bases morality on the outcome of our actions.
Utilitarianism holds that actions are right or wrong regardless of the circumstances.
Utilitarianism depends upon belief in God.
Question 4.4. What does Tom Regan say is the source of inherent value in an individual, whether human or animal? (Points : 1)
Individuals have equal inherent value by virtue of being experiencing subjects of a life, i.e. conscious beings whose lives matter to them
Individuals have equal inherent value by virtue of their rational intelligence.
Individuals have equal inherent value by virtue of being cared for and loved by others.
Individuals have equal inherent value by virtue of understanding and practicing morality.
Question 5.5. What moral theory does Jeremy Bentham (with whom Singer seems to agree) endorse? (Points : 1)
Anarchism
Social Contract Theory
Utilitarianism
Moral relativism
Question 6.6. According to Mill, utilitarian morality holds that: (Points : 1)
With the right social arrangements and education, individuals can come to associate their own individual happiness with the happiness of all.
Each individual is required to sacrifice their own individual happiness for the happiness of all.
Neither the happiness of the individual nor the happiness of all is worth pursuing, since neither is attainable in this life.
If each individual strives to maximize their own happiness, the happiness of all will follow.
Question 7.7. What is speciesism according to Peter Singer’s account? (Points : 1)
The part of science that studies species membership.
The view that different species have different characteristics.
Allowing the interests of one’s own species to override the greater interests of members of other species.
The practice of treating all animals eq.
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Question 1. 1. What does Tom Regan say about the cruelty/kindness approach to animal ethics? (Points : 1)
The best way to explain animal ethics is in terms of our obligation to be kind and not cruel to animals
It is inadequate because it is possible to do wrong while being kind, and it is possible to do wrong without being deliberately cruel
It has no relevance to animal ethics because animals are cruel to each other
You have to be cruel to be kind, in the right measure
Question 2. 2. What does Peter Singer say about the history of liberation movements?
(Points : 1)
They tend to become narrower in scope … zeroing in on the exact class that deserves moral consideration.
They tend to become wider in scope … with people learning to apply moral principles to groups previously not considered.
They tend to become more discriminatory … giving fewer and fewer rights to the less privileged.
They tend to discover that the original concepts in the past were superior and it is a mistake to veer from traditional wisdom.
Question 3. 3. According to Tom Regan, which of the following should compel us to accept the equal rights of animals? (Points : 1)
Sentiment – our feelings for the welfare of animals
Law – legal regulations requiring us to respect the rights of animals
Reason – this theory has the best reasons on its side
Religion – the laws of God mandate human compassion
Question 4. 4. Which of the following makes it difficult to calculate the utility of an act (Points : 1)
the time frame of the consequences
disagreements about the meaning of pleasure or happiness
determining what constitutes the greatest good
all of the above
Question 5. 5. What does Singer say about other philosophers’ attempts to argue that only humans have moral worth? (Points : 1)
That they give a good way to determine who has rights in a way that includes all humans and no animals
That they all say that animals should have rights too
That they come up with unjustified methods to include all humans while excluding all animals from moral consideration
That animals do not have rights because they are not as smart as humans are
Question 6. 6. Peter Singer’s “basic principles of equality” applied to animals means: (Points : 1)
Animals should be given all the same rights as human beings.
Animals are not entitled to not all the same rights but to an equal consideration of interests.
Animals should not be given the same moral consideration because they are do not have the same power to reason as humans.
Animals do not have rights unless they can demonstrate the same abilities as humans.
Question 7. 7. According to Mill, utilitarian morality holds that: (Points : 1)
If each individual strives to maximize their own happiness, the happiness of all will follow.
Each individual is required to sacrifice their own individual happiness for the happiness of all.
With the right social arrangements and education, individuals can come .
What is a consequentialist ethical What is.docx
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EthicsMidterm Exam Study QuestionsPHIL.210 Sprin.docx
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PHIL.210 Spring 2016
Midterm Exam Study Questions
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1. What are the two main moral principles that Socrates upholds throughout his trial?
2. What is the Euthyphro Dilemma? Why is it important for ethics?
3. Explain the difference between “breaking a law” and “breaking thelaws.”
4. Does Socrates place any value in good reputation? Explain how this is relevant to his decision in the Crito.
Defining Ethics. Object and Application. (Hume, Smith)
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Challenges to Ethics. Relativism and Skepticism. (Mackie, Midgley)
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13. What is the argument from cultural relativity of moral values and how does Mackie go about supporting it?
14. What, according to Midgley, is wrong with the purported tolerance of relativists?
15. What is the example of trying one’s new sword used to illustrate?
16. How does Midgley go about her refutation of moral skepticism?
Ethical Categories. Pleasure, Happiness, Goodness, Justice. (Mill, Nozick)
17. What is Mill’s definition of pleasure? Why does pleasure matter for ethics?
18. What does Mill mean when he says that “it is better to be a human being dissatisfied, than a pig satisfied”?
19. What is the purpose of Nozick’s “experience machine” thought experiment?
20. What would be Nozick’s take on the popular maxim “ignorance is bliss”?
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According to the video “Meet Your Meat”, which of the following is true of how animals are slaughtered on factory farms (Points : 1)
All of the above.
They are driven in extreme weather conditions without food or water
They are often still conscious while being slaughtered
They are often roughly handled and severely injured by the time they make it to slaughter
Question 2.2. Peter Singer’s “basic principle of equality” applied to animals means: (Points : 1)
Animals should not be given the same moral consideration because they are do not have the same power to reason as humans.
Animals do not have rights unless they can demonstrate the same abilities as humans.
Animals should be given all the same rights as human beings.
Animals are not necessarily entitled to not all the same rights, but to an equal consideration of interests.
Question 3.3. What is a key feature of utilitarianism according to the assigned texts? (Points : 1)
Utilitarianism denies that moral questions have a right or wrong answer.
Utilitarianism bases morality on the outcome of our actions.
Utilitarianism holds that actions are right or wrong regardless of the circumstances.
Utilitarianism depends upon belief in God.
Question 4.4. What does Tom Regan say is the source of inherent value in an individual, whether human or animal? (Points : 1)
Individuals have equal inherent value by virtue of being experiencing subjects of a life, i.e. conscious beings whose lives matter to them
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Question 5.5. What moral theory does Jeremy Bentham (with whom Singer seems to agree) endorse? (Points : 1)
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Social Contract Theory
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Question 6.6. According to Mill, utilitarian morality holds that: (Points : 1)
With the right social arrangements and education, individuals can come to associate their own individual happiness with the happiness of all.
Each individual is required to sacrifice their own individual happiness for the happiness of all.
Neither the happiness of the individual nor the happiness of all is worth pursuing, since neither is attainable in this life.
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Question 7.7. What is speciesism according to Peter Singer’s account? (Points : 1)
The part of science that studies species membership.
The view that different species have different characteristics.
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The practice of treating all animals eq.
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Question 1. 1. What does Tom Regan say about the cruelty/kindness approach to animal ethics? (Points : 1)
The best way to explain animal ethics is in terms of our obligation to be kind and not cruel to animals
It is inadequate because it is possible to do wrong while being kind, and it is possible to do wrong without being deliberately cruel
It has no relevance to animal ethics because animals are cruel to each other
You have to be cruel to be kind, in the right measure
Question 2. 2. What does Peter Singer say about the history of liberation movements?
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They tend to become narrower in scope … zeroing in on the exact class that deserves moral consideration.
They tend to become wider in scope … with people learning to apply moral principles to groups previously not considered.
They tend to become more discriminatory … giving fewer and fewer rights to the less privileged.
They tend to discover that the original concepts in the past were superior and it is a mistake to veer from traditional wisdom.
Question 3. 3. According to Tom Regan, which of the following should compel us to accept the equal rights of animals? (Points : 1)
Sentiment – our feelings for the welfare of animals
Law – legal regulations requiring us to respect the rights of animals
Reason – this theory has the best reasons on its side
Religion – the laws of God mandate human compassion
Question 4. 4. Which of the following makes it difficult to calculate the utility of an act (Points : 1)
the time frame of the consequences
disagreements about the meaning of pleasure or happiness
determining what constitutes the greatest good
all of the above
Question 5. 5. What does Singer say about other philosophers’ attempts to argue that only humans have moral worth? (Points : 1)
That they give a good way to determine who has rights in a way that includes all humans and no animals
That they all say that animals should have rights too
That they come up with unjustified methods to include all humans while excluding all animals from moral consideration
That animals do not have rights because they are not as smart as humans are
Question 6. 6. Peter Singer’s “basic principles of equality” applied to animals means: (Points : 1)
Animals should be given all the same rights as human beings.
Animals are not entitled to not all the same rights but to an equal consideration of interests.
Animals should not be given the same moral consideration because they are do not have the same power to reason as humans.
Animals do not have rights unless they can demonstrate the same abilities as humans.
Question 7. 7. According to Mill, utilitarian morality holds that: (Points : 1)
If each individual strives to maximize their own happiness, the happiness of all will follow.
Each individual is required to sacrifice their own individual happiness for the happiness of all.
With the right social arrangements and education, individuals can come .
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1. Consequentialist ethical theories evaluate actions based on their outcomes or consequences.
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2. What is a necessary/sufficient condition? Give examples. What does it have to do with the abortion
debate?
3. What is the traditional argument against abortion? Is it valid?
4. Why is the notion of personhood important to the argument against abortion?
5. Explain why a fetus, according to Warren, does not have a right to life.
6. What is the space explorer analogy and what is it supposed to show?
7. What is (are) an (the) objection(s) to Warren’s argument against banning abortion? Are there any
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why or why not.
8. What part of the traditional argument for the banning of abortion does Thompson attempt to
undermine? (How does she go about doing so?)
9. What is the violinist example in the Thompson article? What is it meant to show?
10. What is Marquis’ thesis about? Why does he think killing of innocents is wrong?
11. What argument does Marquis’ propose instead of the traditional personhood argument?
12. What are the implications of Marquis’ argument against abortion?
13. What are the various answer that Marquis considers to the question of why killing is wrong? Which
is the answer that he favors?
14. What is the discontinuation account of wrongful killing? How does it relate to Marquis’s argument?
Animal Ethics
15. What is “Speciesism”? Why is it wrong according to Singer? What are reasons for thinking this is a
kind of unjust discrimination?
16. Explain why Singer thinks it is impossible to justify the principle of equality among humans on the
basis of an actual, factual equality between humans.
17. Where should we draw the line between the beings who are worth of moral consideration, and the
ones who are not, according to Singer?
18. On which notion of right does Machan base his claim that animals do not have rights? How does it
relate to his argument about animal rights?
19. What is the fundamental difference between animals and humans according to Machan? How does
it relate to his argument about animal rights?
20. What are four ways of responding to the Norcross’s “causal argument”? Explain them.
21. State and explain Singer's response to the following objection: Animals and humans can't be morally
equal because they are factually very different from each other.
22. State and explain Singer's response to the following objection: Humans and animals should not get
equal treatment since this would involve absurdities like giving animals the right to vote and providing
them with a high school education.
23. What is the difference between a consequentialist moral theory like utilitarianism and a rights view
like Machan’s? Which factors do they consider when determining if an action is right/wrong? What is
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EthicsMidterm Exam Study QuestionsPHIL.210 Sprin.docx
Ethics Midterm Exam Study Questions
PHIL.210 Spring 2016
Midterm Exam Study Questions
Socratic Ethics (Plato)
1. What are the two main moral principles that Socrates upholds throughout his trial?
2. What is the Euthyphro Dilemma? Why is it important for ethics?
3. Explain the difference between “breaking a law” and “breaking thelaws.”
4. Does Socrates place any value in good reputation? Explain how this is relevant to his decision in the Crito.
Defining Ethics. Object and Application. (Hume, Smith)
5. What does Hume mean when he says that “reason has no influence on our actions and passions”? How is this relevant to ethics?
6. What is Hume’s purpose in using the example of the adulterous neighbor? Explain.
7. Why, according to Smith, is it important to distinguish between reasons and motives?
8. What role does the ideal observer (cool, calm, and collected) play in Smith’s version of realism?
Moral Sentiment and Moral Knowledge (Bambrough)
9. What is Bambrough’s proof for the legitimacy of moral knowledge? Explain.
10. Identify at least one of the objections Bambrough sets out to refute. Do you think his counter-arguments are successful?
11. What similarities does Bambrough outline between scientific knowledge and moral knowledge?
Challenges to Ethics. Relativism and Skepticism. (Mackie, Midgley)
12. Why does Mackie believe that there are no objective values?
13. What is the argument from cultural relativity of moral values and how does Mackie go about supporting it?
14. What, according to Midgley, is wrong with the purported tolerance of relativists?
15. What is the example of trying one’s new sword used to illustrate?
16. How does Midgley go about her refutation of moral skepticism?
Ethical Categories. Pleasure, Happiness, Goodness, Justice. (Mill, Nozick)
17. What is Mill’s definition of pleasure? Why does pleasure matter for ethics?
18. What does Mill mean when he says that “it is better to be a human being dissatisfied, than a pig satisfied”?
19. What is the purpose of Nozick’s “experience machine” thought experiment?
20. What would be Nozick’s take on the popular maxim “ignorance is bliss”?
...
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The document discusses the pros and cons of prison rehabilitation. It argues that rehabilitation is neither a desirable nor moral practice under the current prison model, as prisons are hostile environments that treat inmates as criminals rather than humans. Rehabilitation efforts have largely failed, as 71% of released prisoners reoffend within 3 years. While some may argue forced rehabilitation through methods like "goodness pills" could work, coercive prison environments do not provide the motivation for self-improvement. Overall, the document is skeptical of rehabilitation's effectiveness in the current prison system.
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- 1. PHI 208 Week 2 Quiz NEW 2017 buy here http://onlinehelpstudy.com/ exam_text.php?cat=16149 www.onlinehelpstudy.com Immediate access to solutions for ENTIRE COURSES, FINAL EXAMS and HOMEWORKS “RATED A+" - Without Registration!
- 2. 1)Tom Regan’s view of animals is that? 2)What is speciesism according to Peter Singer’s account? 3)What is a key feature of utilitarianism according to the assigned texts? 4)The video “Meet Your Meat” can best be described as primarily communicating which message? 5)According to the video “Meet Your Meat”, which of the following is true of how animals are slaughtered on factory farms 6)According to chapter 2 of Understanding Philosophy, which of the following would be an expression of rule utilitarianism, rather than act utilitarianism? 7)What moral theory does Jeremy Bentham (with whom Singer seems to agree) endorse? 8)In what way does Peter Singer think that speciesism is similar to racism and sexism? 9)According to John Stuart Mill, utilitarianism takes into account the happiness of? 10)How does John Stuart Mill respond to the complaint that utilitarianism is a doctrine worthy of pigs? 11)How do we determine the difference between higher and lower pleasures, according to Mill? 12)What is the point of Regan’s discussion about Aunt Bea and utilitarianism’s respect for human life? 13)According to chapter 2 of Understanding Philosophy, which of the following makes it difficult to calculate the utility of an act, raising a potential problem for utilitarianism? 14)What is Tom Regan’s position about the use of animals in research and agriculture? 15)Which of the following describes how egg-laying hens are treated in factory farms, according to the video “Meet Your Meat”? 16)According to chapter 2 of Understanding Philosophy, utilitarianism is a form of what broader kind of ethical theory? 17)Which of the following does not describe the ways that chickens and turkeys are treated on factory farms, according to the video “Meet Your Meat” 18)Which of the following statements is the strongest evidence that the person saying it is a utilitarian? 19)Peter Singer’s “basic principle of equality” applied to animals means? 20)In what way is Peter Singer’s argument in “All Animals are Equal” utilitarian?