1. Interparticle Forces and Phase Diagrams Music: “Hold On Loosely” by 38 Special

2. Forces of Chemistry and Physics

3. Interparticle Forces

5. Hydrogen “bridge” page 178 middle

6. Requirements for a Hydrogen “Bond” page 178 bottom

7. Four cases of Hydrogen “Bonding” page 179 bottom

8. Making surfaces more hydrophobic

9. Hydrogen bonding in DNA

10. Inorganic examples of H-bonding

11. Phase Transitions (Phase Changes)

14. Phase Diagrams (especially one-component P vs. T graphs)

16. Temperature vs. heat added graph showing melting point & boiling point -- Boiling point _

17. Heat involved (per gram) in the Phase Changes of Water

18. Phase transitions (Phase changes)

20. Summary of the Information Available in the CO 2 Phase Diagram

21. Value of a Phase Diagram

27. 3-D graph of ideal gas properties

28. A graph of three variables (such as P, V, & T) requires three dimensions and is often a surface rather than a line as for the 2-D graphs. A 3-D Phase diagram (with only one component): A surface representing the properties of a typical pure substance (what a theoretical equation of state would have to account for) Each point on the curving surface represents a set of values of the pressure, temperature, and molar volume that can be attained by this substance.

29. Two-component Phase Diagrams (Temp vs. Composition) Gibbs’ Phase rule for a two-component system: F + P = C + 2, where C=2 so, F + P = 2 + 2 = 4 so, F = 4 – P for one phase (P=1) F=3 which is a space, not restricted to the area of any 2-D graph. for two phases (P=2) F=2 which is an area or surface for three phases (P=3) F=1 which is a line for four phases (P=4) F=0 which must be a point, such as an azeotrope or a eutectic point.