Petroleum Engineering

1. Introduction to
Kick-off
Techniques
Kick-off techniques are specialized drilling methods used to initiate a new
wellbore from an existing one. While maintaining control of Azimuth,
Inclination and Dogleg (Dls). This allows for efficient exploration and
production in challenging environments, optimizing resource recovery.
Some common kick-off techniques include whipstock, rotary steerable
systems, and mud motors.
I will never forget a well where I was as an MWD Engineer in the Gulf of
Mexico, and the operation led to having to do a Side Track using the
complex technique of Time Drilling, an Ode to technique, patience and
obviously knowledge. The Directional work was achieved successfully.
by Ledis Pinedo

2. Definition and Purpose of Kick-off
Techniques
Kick-off techniques refer to the processes and methods used to initiate the directional drilling of a
new well or the re-entry into an existing well. The primary purpose of these techniques is to establish
a controlled and intentional deviation from the original well path, allowing the well to be steered in
the desired direction.
Kick-off techniques are essential in operations where precise well placement is required, such as in
horizontal drilling, multilateral wells, or when encountering geological obstacles that necessitate a
change in the well trajectory.

3. Types of Kick-off
Techniques
Side-tracking: Drilling a new borehole adjacent to the original,
deviating from the original path.
1.
Milling: Removing the casing or liner in the existing wellbore to create
a window for the new trajectory.
2.
Whipstock: A downhole tool used to gradually deflect the drill bit and
divert the wellbore in a new direction.
3.
Rotary Steerable Systems: Advanced directional drilling tools that
allow for continuous course corrections during drilling.
4.

4. Whipstocks: Concept and
Applications
Whipstocks are specialized downhole tools used in directional drilling to
initiate a new borehole at an angle from the existing wellbore. They
create a smooth, gradual deflection to guide the drill bit onto a desired
trajectory.
Whipstocks find application in sidetracking around obstructions, drilling
deviated or horizontal wells, and re-entering previously abandoned wells.
They provide a cost-effective solution for changing the direction of the
wellbore without requiring a full trip out of the hole.

5. Whipstock Design and Deployment
Whipstocks are specialized downhole tools
designed to initiate a gradual change in the
wellbore's trajectory. They feature a curved,
slanted surface that guides the drill bit on a new
path, allowing for controlled sidetracking or
redirection of the well.
The whipstock is securely anchored in the
wellbore, often using a packer or other setting
mechanism, to ensure proper positioning and
orientation during the drilling operation.

6. Rotary Steerable Systems: Overview
Rotary Steerable
System Concept
Rotary steerable systems are
advanced drilling tools that
allow for precise directional
control and borehole
optimization during the drilling
process. They utilize a
combination of sensors,
motors, and steering
mechanisms to actively guide
the drill bit.
Versatile Applications
Rotary steerable systems are
widely used in the oil and gas
industry, particularly for
horizontal, extended-reach,
and complex well trajectories.
They enable operators to
navigate challenging
subsurface formations and
access hard-to-reach
reservoirs.
Advanced Steering
Mechanisms
The core components of a
rotary steerable system include
a downhole steering unit, a
control unit, and a power
generation system. These work
together to continuously adjust
the drill bit's trajectory based
on real-time data and operator
inputs.

7. Mechanisms of Rotary Steerable
Systems
1 Steering Mechanism
Rotary steerable systems use an offset steering mechanism to change the
direction of the drill bit, allowing for precise well placement and trajectory
control.
2 Downhole Actuation
Downhole motors and hydraulic/electric actuators are used to articulate the
drill bit, enabling real-time adjustments to the well path.
3 Feedback and Telemetry
Sensors and telemetry systems provide critical data on the well conditions
and tool performance, allowing operators to monitor and optimize the
drilling process.

8. Advantages of Rotary Steerable
Systems
Precision
Steering
Rotary steerable
systems offer precise
control over the well
trajectory, allowing
for accurate
placement of the
wellbore within the
target formation.
Improved
Efficiency
These systems
enable continuous
drilling, reducing the
need for tripping in
and out of the hole,
thereby improving
overall operational
efficiency.
Enhanced
Reach
Rotary steerable
systems can access
challenging,
extended-reach
reservoirs by
navigating complex
well paths without
the need for multiple
directional changes.
Reduced Risks
The continuous,
smooth drilling
action of rotary
steerable systems
helps mitigate the
risks of stuck pipe,
well control issues,
and other drilling
hazards.

9. Limitations of Rotary Steerable
Systems
Complex Design
Rotary steerable systems have a
sophisticated and intricate design, which
can make them more expensive and
challenging to maintain compared to
traditional drilling methods.
Depth Limitations
These systems may have depth limitations,
restricting their use in certain deep or
extended-reach drilling applications.
Operational Challenges
Operational challenges, such as wellbore
instability or tool failure, can occur and
disrupt the drilling process when using
rotary steerable systems.
Data Interpretation
Interpreting the data collected by rotary
steerable systems can be complex,
requiring specialized expertise and
software to optimize their performance.

10. Factors Influencing Kick-off
Technique Selection
Wellbore Geometry
The shape and size of the wellbore can
impact the choice of kick-off technique. Tight
clearances may require a more specialized
solution.
Formation Properties
The strength, hardness, and abrasiveness of
the formation can influence the durability
and effectiveness of the kick-off tools.
Drilling Objectives
The specific goals of the sidetrack, such as
avoiding obstacles or reaching a new target
zone, help determine the most suitable kick-
off approach.
Cost and Efficiency
Operational factors like rig time, tool
availability, and overall project economics
play a key role in selecting the optimum kick-
off technique.

11. Operational Considerations and Best
Practices
Workflow
Integration
Seamlessly integrate
kick-off techniques
into existing
operational workflows
to maximize efficiency
and minimize
disruptions.
Real-time
Monitoring
Utilize advanced
telemetry and sensor
data to closely monitor
kick-off operations and
quickly respond to any
issues.
Safety Protocols
Prioritize worker
safety by
implementing rigorous
safety procedures and
providing appropriate
personal protective
equipment.
Preventive
Maintenance
Establish
comprehensive
maintenance
programs to ensure
kick-off tools and
equipment remain in
optimal condition.

12. Conclusion and Key Takeaways
In conclusion, kick-off techniques, whipstocks, and rotary steerable systems play a crucial role in
directional drilling operations. The careful selection and deployment of these technologies can
significantly impact the success and efficiency of a drilling project.
The key takeaways from this presentation include the importance of understanding the unique
characteristics and applications of each kick-off technique, the versatility and advantages of
whipstocks, and the advanced capabilities of rotary steerable systems in achieving precise wellbore
trajectories.