Pervasive computing refers to embedding computers and communication technologies into our everyday environments. The goal of pervasive computing is to make computing power invisible but always available whenever needed. It aims to make computers operate seamlessly in the real world through distributed devices that can dynamically discover and interact with each other. Proponents argue that pervasive computing could make human life simpler, safer and more efficient by leveraging ambient intelligence from connected devices. However, privacy, security and technical challenges remain as pervasive systems could gather and share sensitive personal data without user consent.

1. PERVASIVE
COMPUTING

2. Temportary for rishuu reference
slide...delete it
 Pervasive computing refers to embedding computers and communication in our
environment. Pervasive computing provides an attractive vision for the future of
computing. The idea behind the pervasive computing is to make the computing power
disappear in the environment, but will always be there whenever needed or in other
words it means availability and invisibility. These invisible computers won’t have
keyboards or screens, but will watch us, listen to us and interact with us. Pervasive
computing makes the computer operate in the messy and unstructured world of real
people and real objects. Distributed devices in this environment must have the ability
to dynamically discover and integrate other devices. The prime goal of this
technology is to make human life more simple, safe and efficient by using the
ambient intelligence of computers.

3. Out Line
 What is Pervasive Computing?
 Why Pervasive Computing?
 Examples
 Founder of Pervasive Computing
 History
 Goal
 How? (Pervasive Computing Technologies)
 MIT- OXYGEN PROJECT
 Issues

4. What is PERVASIVE COMPUTING?
Computing
 Everywhere
 Anytime

5. PERVASIVE COMPUTING
 􀂄 Technology View
Computers everywhere – embedded into
fridges, washing machines, door locks, cars,
furniture, people etc.
intelligent environment
 􀂄 User View
Invisible: implicit interaction with the environment
 􀂄 Pervasive = mobile computing + intelligent
environment

6.  Pervasive (Ubiquitous, Omnipresent)
Computing integrates computation into the
environment, rather than having computers
which are distinct objects.
 It enables people to interact with
information-processing devices more
naturally and casually, in whatever location
or context they are.

7. Why Pervasive Computing?
 Around Eight billion embedded
microprocessors are produced each year.
 This number is expected to rise dramatically
over the next decade, making electronic
devices ever more pervasive.
 They may be interconnected via wired and
wireless technologies into broader, more
capable, networks.

8. Pervasive Computing Example
• For instance, your washing machine or TV
could detect its own failure and notify its
maintenance company to arrange for a
repair.

9. Mark Weiser’s (founder) VISION
“In the 21st century the technology
revolution will move into the
everyday, the small and the
invisible…”
“The most profound technologies are those that
disappears. They weave themselves into the fabrics of
everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it.”
Mark Weiser (1952 –1999), XEROX PARC

10. History
 Pervasive computing is the third wave of computing
technologies to emerge since computers first appeared:
 First Wave - Mainframe computing era: one computer
shared by many people, via workstations.
 Second Wave - Personal computing era: one computer
used by one person, requiring a conscious interaction.
Users largely bound to desktop.
 Third Wave – Pervasive computing era: one person,
many computers. Millions of computers embedded in the
environment, allowing technology to recede into the
background.

11. Goals of Pervasive Computing
Invisible technology
Integration of virtual and physical worlds
(virtual reality)
Throughout desks, rooms, buildings,
and life

12. Pervasive Applications
Magic Mirror
 A magic mirror that shows
personal data and actions of those
users who face it in a meeting.
 Physical integration: the mirror can sense the
presence of users in a meeting and can
record their actions, in addition to its normal
physical function
 Instantaneous interoperation: the mirror
would interact with the room’s other
components the moment you switch it on and
would make spontaneous association with all
relevant local sources of information about
users.

14. Smart Clothing
 Conductive textiles and inks
 print electrically active
patterns directly onto fabrics
 Sensors based on fabric
 e.g., monitor pulse, blood
pressure, body temperature
 Invisible collar microphones
 Kidswear
 integrated GPS-driven
locators
 integrated small cameras (to
keep the parents calm)?

15. Interactive Map
 Foldable
You are here!

16.  A visitor brings his/her laptop into a
meeting room and without manually
configuring it in any way uses it to
send his presentation to the room’s
projector
 Physical integration: the projector can be
activated from any laptop in the room
 Instantaneous interoperation: A laptop
can spontaneously interact with the
projector and control the presentation
 Can be made context-sensitive, e.g.,
allowing only a particular visitor to do so

17. Pervasive Computing Technologies
 Pervasive computing involves three converging
areas of Information and Communications
Technology:
Computing (‘smart devices’),
Communications (‘connectivity’)
User interfaces

18. Smart Devices – can communicate
with each other and act intelligently
 sensors: input devices that detect
environmental changes, user
behaviors, human commands etc;
 processors: electronic systems
that interpret and analyze input-
data;
 actuators: output devices that
respond to processed information
by altering the environment via
electronic or mechanical means.
For example, air temperature
control is often done with actuators.
However the term can also refer to
devices which deliver information
rather than altering the environment
physically.

19. Smart Devices (cont.)
 Can remember important events
 They have a memory
 Show context-sensitive behavior
 They may have sensors
 Location/situation/context
awareness
 Are responsive/proactive
 Communicate with environment
 Networked with other smart objects

20. Connectivity (network)
 Pervasive computing systems rely on the
interlinking of independent electronic devices
into broader networks.
 This can be achieved via both wired and
wireless networking technologies (such as WiFi
or Bluetooth), with the devices themselves being
capable of assessing the most effective form of
connectivity in any given scenario.
 The effective development of pervasive
computing systems depends on their degree of
interoperability, as well as on the convergence
of standards for wired and wireless
technologies.

21. User Interfaces
 New user interfaces are developed that is capable
of sensing and supplying more information about
users, and the broader environment, to the
computer for processing.
 For example recognizing a person’s face, or
responding to gestures. It might also be based on
sound, scent or touch recognition, or other
sensory information like temperature.
 The output might also be in any of these formats.

22. Applications for Pervasive Computing
 Healthcare
Intelligent bandages that can tell how the
injury is doing or video consultations with
doctors, that can treat patients at home.
 Home care
 Transport
 Environmental Monitoring
 Industry & Academia

23. MIT- OXYGEN PROJECT
 For over forty years, computation has centered
about machines, not people. We were/are
pampering them in air-conditioned rooms or
carrying them around with us.
 But in the near future computation will be
human-centered. It will be freely available
everywhere, like oxygen in the air we breathe. It
will enter the human world, handling our goals
and needs and helping us to do more while
doing less.

24. Issues
 Engineering Issues
Current lack of low cost technology to locate
devices and the lack of suitable power
sources.
Communications, software and hardware
are likely to suffer from faults.
Also faulty systems may be harder to repair
because of the degree of interconnection.

25. Issues
 Privacy, security and safety
Gathers sensitive data, for example on users
everyday interactions, movements,
preferences and attitudes, without user
intervention or consent;
Retrieves and use information from large
databases/archives of stored data;
Alters the environment via actuating devices.

26. •Pervasive Computing (IEEE)
•Personal and Ubiquitous Computing (Springer)
•Pervasive and Mobile Computing journal, PMC (Elsevier)
•Ubiquitous Computing and Communication Journal –
UbiCC Journal
Journal

27. THANK YOU…