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Teori
PERMINTAAN
Yohana Agustina, SP., M. Sc.
PERTEMUAN KE-3
Jumlah barang yang diminta
(Quantity Demanded)
Jumlah barang yang diminta (Quantity demanded) adalah
banyaknya barang yang ingin dibeli oleh konsumen pada harga tertentu,
waktu tertentu di tempat tertentu.
PERMINTAAN
a. Harga barang itu sendiri
b. Harga barang lain
(substitusi)
c. Pendapatan konsumen
d. Jumlah penduduk
e. Selera konsumen
Faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat permintaan konsumen
akan suatu barang:
Q = f (P, I, Pr)
Permintaan di
Pasar
A demand schedule/ Skedul
Permintaan adalah daftar yang
menunjukkan hubungan antara harga
barang itu sendiri dengan jumlah
barang yang diminta.
Skedul Permintaan
Tomi terhadap Burger
Harga
(Per Buah, $)
Jumlah
barang yang
diminta
(Per Bulan)
0 30
0.50 25
3.50 7
7.00 3
10.00 1
15.00 0
Contoh :
Kurva Permintaan
Demand curve/ Kurva Permintaan
adalah penyajian secara grafis dari
skedul permintaan.
Skedul Permintaan
Tomi terhadap Burger
Harga
(Per Buah, $)
Jumlah
barang yang
diminta
(Per Bulan)
0 30
0.50 25
3.50 7
7.00 3
10.00 1
15.00 0
Hukum Permintaan
The law of demand/ Hukum
Permintaan adalah hubungan
terbalik antara harga dengan
jumlah barang yang diminta.
• Kurva Permintaan
mempunyai slope /
arah negatif
Pergeseran Kurva Permintaan dan Pergerakan di Sepanjang Kurva
Permintaan
• Suatu perubahan pada permintaan
tidak sama dengan perubahan pada
jumlah yang diminta,
• Contoh, naiknya harga menyebabkan
turunnya jumlah barang yang diminta.
• Perubahan faktor-faktor yang
mempengaruhi permintaan selain
harga barang itu sendiri, menyebabkan
perubahan pada permintaan atau
pergeseran kurva permintaan dari DA
ke DB.
X
Y
Ketika permintaan bergeser ke kanan,
permintaan bertambah. Ini menyebabkan
jumlah yang diminta lebih banyak
daripada semula, pada masing-masing
tingkat harga
Perubahan Permintaan & Perubahan Jumlah
Yang Diminta
Perubahan Permintaan & Perubahan
Jumlah Yang Diminta
Ringkasan:
Perubahan harga barang itu sendiri mengakibatkan
Perubahan pada quantity demanded
(Pergeseran di Sepanjang Kurva Permintaan).
Perubahan harga barang lain, pendapatan konsumen, selera konsumen
dan jumlah penduduk mengakibatkan
Perubahan pada demand
(Pergeseran Kurva).
The Impact of a Change in Income
•Higher income decreases the
demand for an inferior good
•Higher income increases the
demand for a normal good
The Impact of a Change in the
Price of Related Goods
• Price of burger rises
• Demand for complement good
(ketchup) shifts left
• Demand for substitute good (chicken)
shifts right
• Quantity of burger
demanded falls
From Household to Market Demand
•Demand for a good or service can be defined
for an individual household, or for a group of
households that make up a market.
•Market demand is the sum of all the
quantities of a good or service demanded per
period by all the households buying in the
market for that good or service.
From Household Demand to Market Demand
Assuming there are only two households in the market, market
demand is derived as follows:

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Pertemuan Ke-3. Teori Permintaan (Demand)

  • 2. Jumlah barang yang diminta (Quantity Demanded) Jumlah barang yang diminta (Quantity demanded) adalah banyaknya barang yang ingin dibeli oleh konsumen pada harga tertentu, waktu tertentu di tempat tertentu.
  • 3. PERMINTAAN a. Harga barang itu sendiri b. Harga barang lain (substitusi) c. Pendapatan konsumen d. Jumlah penduduk e. Selera konsumen Faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat permintaan konsumen akan suatu barang: Q = f (P, I, Pr)
  • 4. Permintaan di Pasar A demand schedule/ Skedul Permintaan adalah daftar yang menunjukkan hubungan antara harga barang itu sendiri dengan jumlah barang yang diminta. Skedul Permintaan Tomi terhadap Burger Harga (Per Buah, $) Jumlah barang yang diminta (Per Bulan) 0 30 0.50 25 3.50 7 7.00 3 10.00 1 15.00 0 Contoh :
  • 5. Kurva Permintaan Demand curve/ Kurva Permintaan adalah penyajian secara grafis dari skedul permintaan. Skedul Permintaan Tomi terhadap Burger Harga (Per Buah, $) Jumlah barang yang diminta (Per Bulan) 0 30 0.50 25 3.50 7 7.00 3 10.00 1 15.00 0
  • 6. Hukum Permintaan The law of demand/ Hukum Permintaan adalah hubungan terbalik antara harga dengan jumlah barang yang diminta. • Kurva Permintaan mempunyai slope / arah negatif
  • 7. Pergeseran Kurva Permintaan dan Pergerakan di Sepanjang Kurva Permintaan • Suatu perubahan pada permintaan tidak sama dengan perubahan pada jumlah yang diminta, • Contoh, naiknya harga menyebabkan turunnya jumlah barang yang diminta. • Perubahan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan selain harga barang itu sendiri, menyebabkan perubahan pada permintaan atau pergeseran kurva permintaan dari DA ke DB. X Y
  • 8. Ketika permintaan bergeser ke kanan, permintaan bertambah. Ini menyebabkan jumlah yang diminta lebih banyak daripada semula, pada masing-masing tingkat harga Perubahan Permintaan & Perubahan Jumlah Yang Diminta
  • 9. Perubahan Permintaan & Perubahan Jumlah Yang Diminta Ringkasan: Perubahan harga barang itu sendiri mengakibatkan Perubahan pada quantity demanded (Pergeseran di Sepanjang Kurva Permintaan). Perubahan harga barang lain, pendapatan konsumen, selera konsumen dan jumlah penduduk mengakibatkan Perubahan pada demand (Pergeseran Kurva).
  • 10. The Impact of a Change in Income •Higher income decreases the demand for an inferior good •Higher income increases the demand for a normal good
  • 11. The Impact of a Change in the Price of Related Goods • Price of burger rises • Demand for complement good (ketchup) shifts left • Demand for substitute good (chicken) shifts right • Quantity of burger demanded falls
  • 12. From Household to Market Demand •Demand for a good or service can be defined for an individual household, or for a group of households that make up a market. •Market demand is the sum of all the quantities of a good or service demanded per period by all the households buying in the market for that good or service.
  • 13. From Household Demand to Market Demand Assuming there are only two households in the market, market demand is derived as follows: