Payment providers offer various technologies like APIs, buttons, and SDKs to integrate payments into websites and apps. Common use cases for payments include shopping carts, subscriptions, donations, and P2P transfers. Major payment API providers in the US include Amazon Payments, Authorize.Net, Balanced, Braintree, Dwolla, PayPal, and Stripe, each providing SDKs for languages like PHP, Ruby, Java, Python, and mobile platforms to enable integration.