simple to learn and more important part of hypertension.

1. S.G.R.R.I.T.S.

2. Hypertension is a very
common disorder, particularly
past middle age. It is not a
disease in itself.

3. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviations Description
ACE Angiotension 2nd converting
enzyme
CCB Calcium channel blocker
ARB Angiotension receptor blocker

4. The normal level for blood pressure is below
120/80, where 120 represent the systolic
measurement and 80 represents the diastolic
measurement . Blood pressure between
120/80 and 139/89 is called pre hypertension
(to denote increased risk of hypertension), and
a blood pressure of 140/90 or above is
considered hypertension.

6. Hypertension may be classified as
1.Essential
2.Secondary.
Essential hypertension is the
term for high blood pressure with unknown
cause. It accounts for about 95% of cases.
Secondary hypertension is the term for
high blood pressure with a known direct
cause, such as kidney disease, tumors,
or birth control pills.

8. What causes hypertension?

9. 1.Smoking ,overweight
2.Diabetes
3.Lack of physical activity
4.Insufficient calcium, potassium and
magnesium consumption
5. Vitamin D deficiency
6.High levels of alcohol consumption
7.Aging
8.Medicines such as birth control pills

10. How Does Smoking Increase Heart Disease Risk?
The nicotine present in tobacco products causes:
1.Decreased oxygen to the heart
2.Increased blood pressure and
heart rate
3.Increase in blood clotting

11. Classification of antihypertension drugs-
A. Diuretics-
1.Loop diuretics
 bumetanide
 ethacrynic acid
 furosemide
 torsemide
2.Thiazide diuretics
 epitizide
 Hydrochlorothiazide
and chlorothiazide
bendroflumethiazi
de
3.Thiazide-like
diuretics
 indapamide
 chlorthalidone
 Metolazone
4.Potassium-sparing
diuretics
 amiloride
 triamterene

12. B.Adrenergic receptor antagonists
1.Beta blockers
 atenolol ,metoprolol
 nadolol
 nebivolol
 oxprenolol
 pindolol
 Propranolol
 timolol
2. Alpha blockers
 doxazosin
 indoramin
 phenoxybenzamine
 Prazosin
 terazosin
 tolazoline
3.Mixed Alpha + Beta blockers
 bucindolol
 carvedilol
 labetalol

13. C. Calcium channel blockers
1.dihydropyridines
 amlodipine
 felodipine
 isradipine
 lercanidipine
 nicardipine
 nifedipine
 nimodipine
 Nitrendipine
2.non-dihydropyridines
 diltiazem
 verapamil
D.ACE inhibitors
 captopril
 enalapril
 fosinopril
 lisinopril
 perindopril
 quinapril
 ramipril
 trandolapril
 benazepril

14. E. Angiotensin II receptor
antagonists
 candesartan
 eprosartan
 irbesartan
 losartan
 olmesartan
 telmisartan
 valsartan
F. Aldosterone antagonists
 eplerenone
 spironolactone

15. Commonly Used Oral Antihypertensive Medications
Class Generic Daily Common Tablet
Name Dose Name Size
(mg) Brand (mg)
(s)
Diuretics Hydrochloro 12.5-50 Hydrex 25
thiazide
Aldactazide 25
Moduretic 25
Indapamide 1.25-5 Natrilix 2.5
Natrilix SR 1.5
Frusemide 20-400 Lasix 40

16. Class Generic Daily Common Tablet
Name Dose Name Size
(mg) Brand (mg)
Beta
Adrenergic
blockers Atenolol 25-100 Tenormin 50, 100
Blockium 50, 100
Blockium Diu * 50
Metoprolol 50-200 Betaloc 100
Bisoprolol 2.5-10 Concor 5,10
Concor 5 Plus* 5

17. Class Generic Daily Common Tablet
Name Dose Name Size
(mg) Brand (mg)
ACE
Inhibitors Captopril 50-150 Capoten 25, 50
Capozide * 50
Captopril 25, 50
Enalapril 2.5-40 Renetec 10, 20
Co-renetec 10,20
Ezapril 10,20
Lisinopril 10-40 Zestril 5,10,20
Zestoretic 20
Ramipril 2.5-20 Tritace 1.25, 2.5, 5,
Tritace comp * 5
Tritace comp LS * 2.5

18. INITIAL
DRUG
THERAPY
No
compelling
indications
Stage 1st
hypertensio
n
Stage 2nd
hypertensio
n
Compelling
indication
Thiazide type
diuretics ACE
inhibitor, ARE OR
Combination
Two drug
combination
usually thiazide
diuretics+ACE
inhibitor
Treatment-

19. Left
ventricular
function
Coronary
disease
Compelling
indication
Recurrent
stroke
prevention
Diabetes
mellitus
Post
myocardial
interaction
Chronic
kidney
disease
Diuretic with
ACE inhibitor
then add B-
blocker
B-blocker
then add
ACE
inhibitor
B- blocker
then add
ACE
inhibitor
ACE
inhibitor
diuretics
ACE
inhibitor
& ARB
CCB
diureticsAldosterone
antagonist
ARB or
aldosterone
antagonist
Diuretic
with ACE
inhibitor
B-
blockers

20. THANK YOU