Constitution of india directive principles of state policy and fundamental d...Dr. Vikas Khakare
This contains Directive Principles of State Policy under the Constitution of India. The relation between directive principle of State policy and fundamental rights. It also contains fundamental duties in the Constitution of India.
Directive Principles of State Policy - Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) is a set of guidelines and principles laid out in the Constitution of India to help the government in shaping policies and laws. These principles, while not enforceable by the courts, serve as a moral and political compass for the government. Here's a short description of DPSP:
Non-Justiciable: Unlike Fundamental Rights, which are legally enforceable, Directive Principles are non-justiciable. Citizens cannot approach the courts to enforce these principles against the government.
Social and Economic Welfare: DPSP directs the government to work towards the welfare of the people by promoting social and economic justice. It encourages policies that reduce poverty, inequality, and promote overall well-being.
Equity and Justice: It emphasizes the importance of social and economic equity, ensuring that the benefits of development reach all sections of society, especially the marginalized and disadvantaged.
International Relations: DPSP also guides the government's approach to international relations, calling for peaceful cooperation among nations and respect for international law.
Education and Culture: It encourages the promotion of education, science, and culture for the betterment of society. It advises the protection and preservation of India's rich heritage and cultural diversity.
Agrarian Reforms: DPSP encourages land reforms to ensure that land is distributed among those who cultivate it and advocates for the protection of farmers' interests.
Environmental Protection: In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development as part of the DPSP.
Legal and Judicial Reforms: It suggests improvements in the legal system and the administration of justice, making it more accessible and efficient.
Healthcare: DPSP emphasizes public health and the provision of healthcare services to all citizens.
Minority Rights: It encourages the protection of the rights and interests of religious and linguistic minorities.
In essence, Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution serve as a roadmap for the government to create a just, equitable, and welfare-oriented society. While not legally enforceable, they provide a vision for the state to follow in the interest of the people and the nation.
Implementing Directive Principles to Promote better Livelihood Conditions, Pu...IJARIIT
Our Country has progressed and developed in the world as an important Nation, but till today we are far away
from achieving better livelihood conditions public health and assistance. Therefore the article mainly focuses on implementing
Directive Principles to promote and distribute natural resources as the State legally owns these natural resources on behalf of
the actual owner the people. The article explains that these principles impose certain obligations on the State to take positive
action in certain directions to promote the welfare of the people and achieve socio-economic rights and to set of instructions to
Lawmakers and Executive. The article also explains that these Directive Principles of State policy in our Constitution are
made on - justifiable directly but indirectly these principles are fundamental in the governance of the country in making laws.
Thus Article concludes to achieve the goals enshrined in the Constitution directly or indirectly that is the spiritual essence of
our Constitution.
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
Similar to Part 4 of constitution - directive principles of state policy. How it is different from fundamental rights and other principles of constitution.
Constitution of india directive principles of state policy and fundamental d...Dr. Vikas Khakare
This contains Directive Principles of State Policy under the Constitution of India. The relation between directive principle of State policy and fundamental rights. It also contains fundamental duties in the Constitution of India.
Directive Principles of State Policy - Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) is a set of guidelines and principles laid out in the Constitution of India to help the government in shaping policies and laws. These principles, while not enforceable by the courts, serve as a moral and political compass for the government. Here's a short description of DPSP:
Non-Justiciable: Unlike Fundamental Rights, which are legally enforceable, Directive Principles are non-justiciable. Citizens cannot approach the courts to enforce these principles against the government.
Social and Economic Welfare: DPSP directs the government to work towards the welfare of the people by promoting social and economic justice. It encourages policies that reduce poverty, inequality, and promote overall well-being.
Equity and Justice: It emphasizes the importance of social and economic equity, ensuring that the benefits of development reach all sections of society, especially the marginalized and disadvantaged.
International Relations: DPSP also guides the government's approach to international relations, calling for peaceful cooperation among nations and respect for international law.
Education and Culture: It encourages the promotion of education, science, and culture for the betterment of society. It advises the protection and preservation of India's rich heritage and cultural diversity.
Agrarian Reforms: DPSP encourages land reforms to ensure that land is distributed among those who cultivate it and advocates for the protection of farmers' interests.
Environmental Protection: In recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on environmental protection and sustainable development as part of the DPSP.
Legal and Judicial Reforms: It suggests improvements in the legal system and the administration of justice, making it more accessible and efficient.
Healthcare: DPSP emphasizes public health and the provision of healthcare services to all citizens.
Minority Rights: It encourages the protection of the rights and interests of religious and linguistic minorities.
In essence, Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution serve as a roadmap for the government to create a just, equitable, and welfare-oriented society. While not legally enforceable, they provide a vision for the state to follow in the interest of the people and the nation.
Implementing Directive Principles to Promote better Livelihood Conditions, Pu...IJARIIT
Our Country has progressed and developed in the world as an important Nation, but till today we are far away
from achieving better livelihood conditions public health and assistance. Therefore the article mainly focuses on implementing
Directive Principles to promote and distribute natural resources as the State legally owns these natural resources on behalf of
the actual owner the people. The article explains that these principles impose certain obligations on the State to take positive
action in certain directions to promote the welfare of the people and achieve socio-economic rights and to set of instructions to
Lawmakers and Executive. The article also explains that these Directive Principles of State policy in our Constitution are
made on - justifiable directly but indirectly these principles are fundamental in the governance of the country in making laws.
Thus Article concludes to achieve the goals enshrined in the Constitution directly or indirectly that is the spiritual essence of
our Constitution.
Similar to Part 4 of constitution - directive principles of state policy. How it is different from fundamental rights and other principles of constitution. (20)
WINDING UP of COMPANY, Modes of DissolutionKHURRAMWALI
Winding up, also known as liquidation, refers to the legal and financial process of dissolving a company. It involves ceasing operations, selling assets, settling debts, and ultimately removing the company from the official business registry.
Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of winding up:
Reasons for Winding Up:
Insolvency: This is the most common reason, where the company cannot pay its debts. Creditors may initiate a compulsory winding up to recover their dues.
Voluntary Closure: The owners may decide to close the company due to reasons like reaching business goals, facing losses, or merging with another company.
Deadlock: If shareholders or directors cannot agree on how to run the company, a court may order a winding up.
Types of Winding Up:
Voluntary Winding Up: This is initiated by the company's shareholders through a resolution passed by a majority vote. There are two main types:
Members' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is solvent (has enough assets to pay off its debts) and shareholders will receive any remaining assets after debts are settled.
Creditors' Voluntary Winding Up: The company is insolvent and creditors will be prioritized in receiving payment from the sale of assets.
Compulsory Winding Up: This is initiated by a court order, typically at the request of creditors, government agencies, or even by the company itself if it's insolvent.
Process of Winding Up:
Appointment of Liquidator: A qualified professional is appointed to oversee the winding-up process. They are responsible for selling assets, paying off debts, and distributing any remaining funds.
Cease Trading: The company stops its regular business operations.
Notification of Creditors: Creditors are informed about the winding up and invited to submit their claims.
Sale of Assets: The company's assets are sold to generate cash to pay off creditors.
Payment of Debts: Creditors are paid according to a set order of priority, with secured creditors receiving payment before unsecured creditors.
Distribution to Shareholders: If there are any remaining funds after all debts are settled, they are distributed to shareholders according to their ownership stake.
Dissolution: Once all claims are settled and distributions made, the company is officially dissolved and removed from the business register.
Impact of Winding Up:
Employees: Employees will likely lose their jobs during the winding-up process.
Creditors: Creditors may not recover their debts in full, especially if the company is insolvent.
Shareholders: Shareholders may not receive any payout if the company's debts exceed its assets.
Winding up is a complex legal and financial process that can have significant consequences for all parties involved. It's important to seek professional legal and financial advice when considering winding up a company.
ALL EYES ON RAFAH BUT WHY Explain more.pdf46adnanshahzad
All eyes on Rafah: But why?. The Rafah border crossing, a crucial point between Egypt and the Gaza Strip, often finds itself at the center of global attention. As we explore the significance of Rafah, we’ll uncover why all eyes are on Rafah and the complexities surrounding this pivotal region.
INTRODUCTION
What makes Rafah so significant that it captures global attention? The phrase ‘All eyes are on Rafah’ resonates not just with those in the region but with people worldwide who recognize its strategic, humanitarian, and political importance. In this guide, we will delve into the factors that make Rafah a focal point for international interest, examining its historical context, humanitarian challenges, and political dimensions.
How to Obtain Permanent Residency in the NetherlandsBridgeWest.eu
You can rely on our assistance if you are ready to apply for permanent residency. Find out more at: https://immigration-netherlands.com/obtain-a-permanent-residence-permit-in-the-netherlands/.
Responsibilities of the office bearers while registering multi-state cooperat...Finlaw Consultancy Pvt Ltd
Introduction-
The process of register multi-state cooperative society in India is governed by the Multi-State Co-operative Societies Act, 2002. This process requires the office bearers to undertake several crucial responsibilities to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory frameworks. The key office bearers typically include the President, Secretary, and Treasurer, along with other elected members of the managing committee. Their responsibilities encompass administrative, legal, and financial duties essential for the successful registration and operation of the society.
In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
A "File Trademark" is a legal term referring to the registration of a unique symbol, logo, or name used to identify and distinguish products or services. This process provides legal protection, granting exclusive rights to the trademark owner, and helps prevent unauthorized use by competitors.
Visit Now: https://www.tumblr.com/trademark-quick/751620857551634432/ensure-legal-protection-file-your-trademark-with?source=share
Military Commissions details LtCol Thomas Jasper as Detailed Defense CounselThomas (Tom) Jasper
Military Commissions Trial Judiciary, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Notice of the Chief Defense Counsel's detailing of LtCol Thomas F. Jasper, Jr. USMC, as Detailed Defense Counsel for Abd Al Hadi Al-Iraqi on 6 August 2014 in the case of United States v. Hadi al Iraqi (10026)
2. • The Directive Principles of State Policy of India are
the guidelines or 15 principles given to the federal
institutes governing the State of India, to be kept
in citation while framing laws and policies.
• These provisions, contained in Part IV of the
Constitution of India, are not enforceable by any
court, but the principles laid down there in are
considered in the governance of the country,
making it the duty of the State to apply these
principles in making laws to establish a just society
in the country.
• The principles have been inspired by the Directive
Principles given in the Constitution of Ireland
which are related to social justice, economic
welfare, foreign policy, and legal and
administrative matters.
3.
4. Socialistic Principles
These types of Directive principles of State Policy
reflect the ideology of socialism
They aim at providing social and economic justice,
and set the path towards welfare state.
Article 38 promote the welfare of the people by
i. Securing a social order by justice- social,
economic and political
ii. Minimizing inequalities in income, status, facilities
and opportunities
5. Socialistic Principles
Article 39 secure
i. Adequate means of livelihood for all citizen
ii. Equitable distribution of resources for the
common good
iii. Prevention of concentration of wealth and
means of production
iv. Equal pay for equal work
v. Preservation of the health and strength of
workers and children against forcible abuse
6. Socialistic Principles
Article 39A
The State shall provide free legal aid to ensure that equal
opportunities for securing justice is ensured to all, and is not denied
by reason of economic or other disabilities.
Article 41
The State shall endeavour to provide the right to work, to
education and to public assistance in cases of unemployment, old
age, sickness and disablement, within the limits of economic
capacity.
Article 42
The State shall provide for just and humane conditions of work
and maternity relief.
7. Socialistic Principles
Article 43
The State should also ensure living wage and
proper working conditions for workers, with full
enjoyment of leisure and social and cultural activities.
Also, the promotion of cottage industries in rural areas is
one of the obligations of the State.
Article 43A
The State shall take steps to promote their
participation in management of industrial undertakings.
8. Socialistic Principles
Article 47
The directive principles commit the State to raise
the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to
improve public health, particularly by prohibiting
intoxicating drinks and drugs injurious to health except
for medicinal purposes.
9. Gandhian Principles
Definition: These principles are based on Gandhian
ideology used to represent the programme of
reconstruction enunciated by Gandhi during the
national movement. Under various articles, they
direct the state to:
10. Gandhian Principles
Article 40
Organise village panchayats and endow them
with necessary powers and authority to enable them to
function as units of self-government
Article 43
Promote cottage industries on an individual or co-
operation basis in rural areas
11. Gandhian Principles
Article 43B
Promote voluntary formation, autonomous
functioning, democratic control and professional
management of co-operative societies
Article 46
Promote the educational and economic
interests of SCs, STs, and other weaker sections of the
society and to protect them from social injustice and
exploitation
12. Gandhian Principles
Article 47
Prohibit the consumption of intoxicating drinks
and drugs which are injurious to health
Article 48
Prohibit the slaughter of cows, calves and
other milch and draught cattle and to improve their
breeds
13. Liberal-Intellectual
Principles
These principles reflect the ideology of liberalism.
Under various articles, they direct the state to:
Article 44
Secure for all citizens a uniform civil
code throughout the country
14. Liberal-Intellectual
Principles
Article 45
Provide early childhood care and education
for all children until they complete the age of six years.
Article 48
Organise agriculture and animal husbandry on
modern and scientific lines
15. Liberal-Intellectual
Principles
Article 48A
To protect and improve the environment and
to safeguard forests and wildlife
Article 49
Protect monuments, places and objects of
artistic or historic interest which are declared to be of
national importance
16. Article 50
Separate the judiciary from the executive in the
public services of the State
Article 51
Promote international peace and security and
maintain just and honourable relations between
nations
Foster respect for international law and treaty
obligations
Encourage settlement of international disputes by
arbitration