The document provides an overview of machine learning, highlighting different search methods for pattern recognition, including random, mathematical, greedy, and guided random searches. It emphasizes the complexity of search methods due to the vast number of potential patterns and results. The presentation is part of a broader educational initiative by INSOFE, aimed at teaching applied engineering.

1. Inspire…Educate…Transform.
Part 2 (Machine Learning
Overview) - All Machine
Learning is Pattern Search
Dr. K. V Dakshinamurthy
President, INSOFE
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
http://www.insofe.edu.in

2. The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
2
http://www.insofe.edu.in

3. A sample
• Let us say, there are two attributes: A,
the independent attribute, which can
take 3 values: 0, 1 and 2. B, the
dependent attribute, which can take 2
values: 0 and 1.
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
3
http://www.insofe.edu.in

4. A pattern or a hypothesis
• Hypothesis: One set of all
possible input variations and
their outputs.
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
4
http://www.insofe.edu.in

5. Number of hypothesis
• Generalize for n independent variables
with m options and the dependent
variable has p options
– We can construct mnconditions.
– We can construct 𝑝
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
𝑚𝑛
patterns or hypothesis
5
http://www.insofe.edu.in

6. This search is more tiring than you think!
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
6
http://www.insofe.edu.in

7. Random searches
• Randomly pick patterns and see if they
work
–A million patterns may not cover even
1% of possibilities
–This is a useful technique (MonteCarlo
simulation, but not always)
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
7
http://www.insofe.edu.in

8. Mathematical searches
• Calculus based searches are very
popular in optimization methods
• Statistical model based searches where
we describe the characteristics of each
class
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
8
http://www.insofe.edu.in

9. Greedy searches
• Pick the best choice at a given point
without any understanding or a model
–Learn to identify a language
• Learning all languages
(mathematical/probability based search)
• Pick nuances and use them to classify
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
9
http://www.insofe.edu.in

10. Evolutionary or guided random searches
• Add memory to a random search and
iterate
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
10
http://www.insofe.edu.in

11. Search methods: Summary
• Exhaustive search
• Random search
• Mathematical and probability based
search
• Greedy search
• Guided random search
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
11
http://www.insofe.edu.in

12. YouTube link
• For a detailed video on this topic visit
the following link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qbp
CzX_CU_4
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
12
http://www.insofe.edu.in

13. International School of Engineering
Plot 63/A, 1st Floor, Road # 13, Film Nagar, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad - 500 033
For Individuals: +91-9502334561/62/63
For Corporates: +91-9618483483
Web: http://www.insofe.edu.in
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/insofe
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Insofeedu
YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/InsofeVideos
Slide Share: http://www.slideshare.net/INSOFE
LinkedIn: http://www.linkedin.com/company/internationalschool-of-engineering
This presentation may contain references to findings of various reports available in the public domain. INSOFE makes no representation as to their accuracy or that the organization
subscribes to those findings.
The best place for students to learn Applied Engineering
13
http://www.insofe.edu.in