the history of MCI and brief on MCI

1. PARADIGM SHIFT FROM MCI
TO NMC
AYSHATHUL FEMITHA
9897

2. MEDICAL
COUNCIL OF
INDIA
The Indian Medical Council was first established in
1934 under the Indian Medical Council Act, 1933 and
then reconstituted under MCI Act 1956.
MCI an elected body of medical doctors which
regulates medical education and practices in India -
for a period of two years.
The Council grants recognition of medical
qualifications, gives accreditation to medical schools,
grants registration to medical practitioners, and
monitors medical practice in India

3. HISTORY
In November 2000, Delhi High Court concluded
high corruption of MCI
S P Jhingon was appointed as administrator of
MCI
In November 2002, Jhingon was relieved and 3
member watch dog committee was appointed
October 2003 CBI filed case against Dr. Desai
which was only look into in October 2005
2007 Desai was back as a member in MCI and
president in2009

4. National
Council for
Human
Resource in
Health bill
(NCHRH)
2009
In 2009 a declaration to establish an
overreaching regulatory body to
entire health sector was introduced
but the bill had not been cleared by
the cabinet.
2011
In 2011, NCHRH bill was introduced in
Lok Sabha and sent to the Standing
Committee which rejected the bill

5. DISSOLVING MCI
• The MCI was taken over first in 2010,
following the arrest of its president
Ketan Desai by the Central Bureau of
Investigation (CBI) for allegedly
accepting a bribe of Rs 2 crore to grant
recognition to a medical college in
Punjab
• In may 15, 2010 an ordinance come up
to constitute a Board of Governors to
regulate MCI for a year

6. This was initially meant for a period of one year
but the arrangement continued until 2013.
2013
The government's failure to follow appropriate
legal processes in 2013 led to the revival and
reconstitution of the MCI in its old form, which
continued till 2018.
2018

7. March 8, 2016 Standing Committee’s 92nd report called the complete
restructuring of MCI said it had failed as a regulator of Medical education and
the profession
Corruption and lack of accountability threaten medical education – said the
committee
May 2016, oversight committee was constituted with 3members to supervise
the functioning of MCI
July 13 2016, OC complained that MCI not cooperating with its direction, led
to formation of second OC
September 2018 the second OC resigned with same reason

8. • November 6 2016 the Indian Medical
Association(IMA) organized pan India
strike of doctors and medical students to
protest against NMC Bill. Protest
continued till March 2017

9. • September 27, 2018 MCI (Amendment)Ordinance again dissolved the
MCI with new BoG with 7 members
• The new board includes
NITI Aayog member – VK Paul
AIIMS Director – Randeep Gularia
PGI Chandigarh Director - Jagat Ram
NIMHANS Bangalore chief – BN Gangadhar
AIIMS Professor – Nikhil Tandon
Director General Health Services –S Venkatesh
Secretary Health Research- Balram Bhargava

10. • By the time, the Minister of Health and Family Welfare JP Nadda had
introduced the NMC Bill of 2017 in the Lok Sabha
• This Bill too ran into trouble for several reasons.
lack of representational character of the NMC
powers relating to fee structures of private medical colleges
proposing a "bridge course" for the practitioners to also let them
practice and prescribe allopathic medicines
• January 2 2018, the NMC bill was sent to standing committee
• March 2018, standing committee reported on NMC bill with changes
made removal of bridge course

11. 31 Dec. 2018
Lok Sabha passed the IMC Amendment Bill
29 July 2019
NMC Bill approved by Lok Sabha
1 Aug. 2019
NMC bill approved in Rajya Sabha
8 Aug. 2019
the NMC bill was signed to law by the
president

12. NATIONAL
MEDICAL
COMMISSION
(NMC)
• The bill attempts to set up a regulatory body
called the National Medical Commission in
place of the tainted Medical Council of India
(MCI).
• According to the government, the NMC bill will
provide for a medical education system that
improves access to quality and affordable
medical education, and guarantee availability of
adequate and high quality medical professionals
in all parts of the country.

13. • The National Medical Commission Bill of 2019 proposes to have four autonomous
boards to take care of its different functions:
Under-Graduate Medical Education Board
Post-Graduate Medical Education Board
Medical Assessment and Rating Board
Ethics and Medical Registration Board

14. FUNCTIONING OF NMC
Framing policies for
regulating medical
institutions and medical
professionals.
01
Assessing the requirements
of healthcare-related to
human resources and
infrastructure.
02
Framing guidelines for
determination of fees for up
to 50 percent of the seats in
the private medical
institutions and deemed
universities which are
regulated as per the Bill.
03

15. FEATURES OF NMC
The CHPs are a new class of medical practitioners to be given licenses to practice modern medicine
at mid-level to those "connected with modern scientific medical profession“
National Exit Test (NEXT) for granting "license" to practice and admission to postgraduate "broad-
speciality courses".
frame guidelines for determination of fee and other charges" for 50% of seats in private medical
institutions and deemed to be universities.
Other powers of the NMC include permission to establish new medical colleges, start post-graduate
courses, increase the number of seats, recognition of medical qualifications in and outside India etc.

16. • Moreover, the Medical Assessment and Rating Board (MARB) under
the NMC will rate institutions on quality of education/training
imparted. These ratings, coupled with the transparency accorded by
the NEXT, will ensure that fees are regulated through market forces.
• Responding to the demands from States to increase their
representation in the NMC, the nominees of States and UTs in the
NMC have been increased from 3 to 6. The NMC will comprise of 25
members of which at least 21 will be doctors.

17. NMC (pros and cons)
PROS:
• As per the Bill, the government, under the National Medical Commission
(NMC), can dictate guidelines for fees up to 50% of seats in private medical
colleges.
• Recognized medical institutions don’t need the regulator’s permission to add
more seats or start PG course. This mechanism is to reduce the discretionary
powers of the regulator.
• the role of Community Health Providers (CHP) in providing primary and
preventive treatment in rural areas which remain unserved by MBBS
graduates.
• National Exit Test (NEXT) for granting ‘license’ to practice and admission to
postgraduate broad-specialty courses, prevent suboptimal doctors getting
the registration to practice and hopefully improve the quality of MBBS
doctors..

18. cons
• By getting the power to set guidelines for setting fees in private colleges and recognition of
medical institutes there is more chances for corruption
• It's not yet clear as to what kind of professionals could be certified as CHPs and up to what limit
they should provide care and treatment to the patients.
• The new exit examination is expected to be implemented within three years of the bill becoming a
law.
• the crucial practical part of the present qualifying MBBS exam in the final year would lose its
importance.
• Section 45 (2) says that “the decision of the Central Government whether a question is one of
policy or not shall be final. The Act under the same clause restricts the Commission and the
autonomous boards to express their views without giving an opportunity.

19. cons
• Govt failed to answer how NEXT Exam will work to calibrate the standard of
medical education uniformly among all medical institutions across the country to
enable candidates to take up such competitive nationalised tests.
• Also the one who couldn’t appear for NEXT will not be able to enter in the national
registry, to practice or to do post graduate studies
• With the institution of NMC, the role of the state government will be reduced
drastically—from being in the governance to a merely advisory one.
• At present, 70% of representatives in MCI are elected members. But when it comes
to NMC, only 20% of the members would be the elected representatives

20. SIMILIARITIES
AND
DIFFERENCES
(NMC vs MCI)
Members- While MCI had 100+ members,
NMC will only have 25 members in the
committee.
Re-nomination- MCI members could be re-
nominated or re-elected. But NMC
members nominated by the central
government Cannot be renominated.
Decision- In MCI fifteen of 100+ members
were enough to make a meeting and its
decisions valid while for NMC, it will be 13
out of 25.

21. Tenure- The MCI tenure was five years, while the NMC
tenure will be four years. MCI had to meet at least once a
year while the commission has to meet every quarter.
Appointment- Nearly 70% of the 100-plus member MCI
were elected members were elected. But a majority of the
representatives of the NMC would be nominated by the
central government.
Assets- Unlike MCI, the members of NMC will have
to declare their assets at the time of assuming office and
when they leave. They will also have to submit a conflict of
interest declaration.
No jurisdiction over AIIMS- Like MCI, NMC also will have no
jurisdiction over the various AIIMS, JIMPER or PGI in almost
all matters.

22. conclusion
• There is no denying that medical education needs continuous reforms to
ensure improvements in health care. There cannot be just one solution.
The success of any legislation depends upon how it is implemented and
interpreted. The future of the medical education and treatment of our
country is unclear till the new NMC system prove its efficiency .

23. REFERENCES :
• The Hindu. "Court extends judicial custody of Ketan Desai by 14 days". 14 May 2010. Retrieved
17 May 2010
• My medical mantra:“NMC Bill defies the principles of democracy,” states IMA President-elect
By Dr Avinash Bhondwe on August 8, 2019
• The Economic Times health world:How to make the new NMC Bill more effective and
acceptable: Vimal Wakhlu, August 28, 2019
• India Today : Indian Medical Council (Amendment )bill 2019: continuation of ad hoc approach
to regulatory functions. July 6, 2019
• The Hindu business line: unfair criticism of NMC bill, Uravshi Prasad on September 04, 2019.
• Moneycontrol news.com: here’s how the NMC’s functioning differs from MCI , July 25, 2019
• The tribune : govt dissolves MCI, new body led by doctors takes over, September 27, 2018

24. THANK YOU