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Objective test
An objective test is a test that has predetermined right and wrong answers that can be marked objectively. It includes questions that require selecting an answer from choices, identifying objects or positions, or supplying brief text responses. Objective tests are popular because they are easy to prepare and take, quick to mark, and provide quantifiable results. Common types of objective test questions include true-false items, matching items, multiple choice items, and completion items.
Selection types of objective test
This document discusses different types of objective tests that can be used to assess student learning, including selection, arrangement, matching, multiple choice, alternate response, key list, interpretative exercises, and essay tests. It provides examples for each type and describes their characteristics. The types vary in their structure and format, from arranging terms in order, to matching items, to answering multiple choice or true/false questions. The document emphasizes that teachers should choose the test type based on the learning outcomes being assessed and time available.
Suicidality Poster References.docx
This document contains summaries of several research papers on topics related to chronic pain, suicide risk, and bipolar disorder:
1) One study found that tapering opioid doses for chronic pain patients was associated with increased risks of overdose and mental health crisis compared to patients who did not taper. Higher tapering speeds were linked to even greater risks.
2) Another study observed chronic pain patients undergoing opioid tapering or transition to buprenorphine treatment. Higher initial opioid doses predicted needing buprenorphine, and benzodiazepine use predicted dropout. Pain levels varied after treatment.
3) Research on combat veterans found that those exposed to combat had higher rates of PTSD, suicide attempts, strokes and chronic pain
Labeling Woefulness: The Social Construction of Fibromyalgia
This document discusses the social construction of fibromyalgia and how it has been established as a legitimate disease label despite a lack of clear biological or clinical evidence. It argues that fibromyalgia serves social and economic purposes for various groups, including patients, doctors, pharmaceutical companies, and the media, but poses risks by medicalizing psychosocial problems. The document proposes that widespread pain is a normal human experience for some that is best addressed by exploring psychosocial factors rather than believing the solution lies in neurobiology. Examining fibromyalgia as a social construct may be more helpful for patients than continuing to medicalize their experiences.
Outcomes in Long-term Opioid Tapering and Buprenorphine Transition: A Retrosp...
This study analyzed outcomes for 240 patients with chronic pain who were prescribed long-term opioid therapy above 90 mg morphine-equivalent daily doses. Patients were offered an outpatient opioid taper or transition to buprenorphine if taper was not tolerated. 44.6% successfully tapered, 18.8% transitioned to buprenorphine, and 36.6% dropped out of treatment. Higher initial opioid doses predicted needing buprenorphine, and benzodiazepine/z-drug use predicted greater dropout. Pain intensity changes after treatment were mixed, with over half of tapered patients reporting increased pain and about half of transitioned patients reporting decreased pain.
Pain Phenotyping Tool For Primary Care
This document appears to be a questionnaire assessing symptoms of widespread pain and calculating a WPI (Widespread Pain Index) score and SS (Symptom Severity) score. It asks the respondent to indicate areas of pain on a diagram and rate the severity of symptoms like fatigue, thinking difficulties, and unrefreshed sleep. It also inquires about additional symptoms like abdominal pain, depression, and headaches. The final section rates pain-related worry and fear on a scale. Additional questions determine if the respondent has a workers compensation or disability claim related to their pain complaint.
Fibromyalgia & Somatic Symptom Disorder Patient Handout
Fibromyalgia is a condition that causes chronic aches and pains all over the body, fatigue, and often a sleep disorder. The doctor diagnosed the patient with fibromyalgia based on a score of 13 or more on the fibromyalgia questionnaire from the American College of Rheumatology, which is consistent with the syndrome. By focusing on and managing the diagnosis of fibromyalgia, the patient's other pain symptoms can decrease.
Recommended
Objective test
An objective test is a test that has predetermined right and wrong answers that can be marked objectively. It includes questions that require selecting an answer from choices, identifying objects or positions, or supplying brief text responses. Objective tests are popular because they are easy to prepare and take, quick to mark, and provide quantifiable results. Common types of objective test questions include true-false items, matching items, multiple choice items, and completion items.
Selection types of objective test
This document discusses different types of objective tests that can be used to assess student learning, including selection, arrangement, matching, multiple choice, alternate response, key list, interpretative exercises, and essay tests. It provides examples for each type and describes their characteristics. The types vary in their structure and format, from arranging terms in order, to matching items, to answering multiple choice or true/false questions. The document emphasizes that teachers should choose the test type based on the learning outcomes being assessed and time available.
Suicidality Poster References.docx
This document contains summaries of several research papers on topics related to chronic pain, suicide risk, and bipolar disorder:
1) One study found that tapering opioid doses for chronic pain patients was associated with increased risks of overdose and mental health crisis compared to patients who did not taper. Higher tapering speeds were linked to even greater risks.
2) Another study observed chronic pain patients undergoing opioid tapering or transition to buprenorphine treatment. Higher initial opioid doses predicted needing buprenorphine, and benzodiazepine use predicted dropout. Pain levels varied after treatment.
3) Research on combat veterans found that those exposed to combat had higher rates of PTSD, suicide attempts, strokes and chronic pain
Labeling Woefulness: The Social Construction of Fibromyalgia
This document discusses the social construction of fibromyalgia and how it has been established as a legitimate disease label despite a lack of clear biological or clinical evidence. It argues that fibromyalgia serves social and economic purposes for various groups, including patients, doctors, pharmaceutical companies, and the media, but poses risks by medicalizing psychosocial problems. The document proposes that widespread pain is a normal human experience for some that is best addressed by exploring psychosocial factors rather than believing the solution lies in neurobiology. Examining fibromyalgia as a social construct may be more helpful for patients than continuing to medicalize their experiences.
Outcomes in Long-term Opioid Tapering and Buprenorphine Transition: A Retrosp...
This study analyzed outcomes for 240 patients with chronic pain who were prescribed long-term opioid therapy above 90 mg morphine-equivalent daily doses. Patients were offered an outpatient opioid taper or transition to buprenorphine if taper was not tolerated. 44.6% successfully tapered, 18.8% transitioned to buprenorphine, and 36.6% dropped out of treatment. Higher initial opioid doses predicted needing buprenorphine, and benzodiazepine/z-drug use predicted greater dropout. Pain intensity changes after treatment were mixed, with over half of tapered patients reporting increased pain and about half of transitioned patients reporting decreased pain.
Pain Phenotyping Tool For Primary Care
This document appears to be a questionnaire assessing symptoms of widespread pain and calculating a WPI (Widespread Pain Index) score and SS (Symptom Severity) score. It asks the respondent to indicate areas of pain on a diagram and rate the severity of symptoms like fatigue, thinking difficulties, and unrefreshed sleep. It also inquires about additional symptoms like abdominal pain, depression, and headaches. The final section rates pain-related worry and fear on a scale. Additional questions determine if the respondent has a workers compensation or disability claim related to their pain complaint.
Fibromyalgia & Somatic Symptom Disorder Patient Handout
Fibromyalgia is a condition that causes chronic aches and pains all over the body, fatigue, and often a sleep disorder. The doctor diagnosed the patient with fibromyalgia based on a score of 13 or more on the fibromyalgia questionnaire from the American College of Rheumatology, which is consistent with the syndrome. By focusing on and managing the diagnosis of fibromyalgia, the patient's other pain symptoms can decrease.
Community Catastrophizing
This document contains two studies related to psychological treatments for chronic conditions:
1) A study of chronic fatigue syndrome patients found that poorer outcomes were predicted by membership in a self-help group, receiving sickness benefits, and symptoms of dysphoria. Severity and duration of symptoms did not predict response.
2) A randomized controlled trial of 125 fibromyalgia patients compared operant behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and attention placebo. Both behavioral therapies significantly reduced pain intensity while cognitive therapy improved cognitive and affective variables and operant therapy improved physical functioning and behaviors. The attention placebo resulted in no improvement or deterioration.
Risk-Benefit High-Dose LTOT
This document summarizes three studies on the risks and efficacy of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNP). The first study finds that while opioids were associated with small improvements in pain and physical functioning compared to placebo, they also increased the risk of vomiting. Comparisons to other medications found similar benefits to pain and functioning. The second study finds no difference in pain-related function between opioid and non-opioid groups over 12 months, and higher rates of adverse effects and pain intensity in the opioid group. The third study finds limited effectiveness of opioids for CNP, as opioid users did not report improvements in outcomes after 2 years. Regarding risks, higher opioid doses are associated with increased overdose risk across several patient groups in
Space Trial
1) This randomized clinical trial compared opioid vs nonopioid medication therapy over 12 months for patients with chronic back, hip, or knee pain.
2) It found no significant difference in pain-related function between the two groups, but pain intensity was significantly better in the nonopioid group. Adverse effects were significantly more common in the opioid group.
3) The study concludes that opioid therapy was not superior to nonopioid medications for improving pain-related function over 12 months, and the results do not support initiating opioids for moderate to severe chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Mortality quadrupled among opioid-driven hospitalizations notably within lowe...
This study analyzed national hospitalization data from 1993-2014 to examine trends in mortality and characteristics of hospitalizations related to opioids compared to other drug and non-drug hospitalizations. The key findings were:
1) Mortality among opioid-related hospitalizations quadrupled from 0.43% before 2000 to 2.02% in 2014, increasing 0.12 percentage points per year relative to other drug hospitalizations.
2) While total opioid-related hospitalizations remained stable, diagnoses shifted from opioid dependence/abuse to opioid/heroin poisoning, which have higher mortality rates. Hospitalizations for poisoning grew by 0.01 per 1,000 people annually after 2000.
3) Patients hospitalized for opioid/
Prescriptions filled following an opioid-related hospitalization.
This study analyzed prescription drug fills within 30 days of discharge for 36,719 patients hospitalized for opioid misuse. Only 16.7% received medications approved for opioid dependence, while 40.3% filled antidepressant prescriptions and 22.4% filled opioid pain medication prescriptions. Concurrently, 13.9% filled benzodiazepine prescriptions and 7.4% filled both benzodiazepine and opioid prescriptions, indicating a need for improved education on risks. Overall, more effort is required to ensure patients receive recommended post-hospitalization treatment and support services.
Jamapsychiatry santavirta 2017_oi_170084
This study examined the risk of psychiatric hospitalization in the offspring (second generation) of Finns who were evacuated to Sweden without parents during World War II (first generation), compared to offspring of Finns who were not evacuated. The study found that daughters of mothers who were evacuated during childhood had an elevated risk of psychiatric hospitalization, especially for mood disorders. However, there was no increased risk found for offspring of evacuated fathers or for male offspring of evacuated mothers. This suggests that early childhood adversity experienced by the first generation, such as war-related trauma, may be associated with mental health problems that persist into the second generation.
Correlation of opioid mortality with prescriptions and social determinants -a...
This study analyzed Medicare Part D data from 2013-2014 to examine the relationship between opioid prescription rates, socioeconomic factors, and opioid-related mortality rates at the county level in the United States. The results showed that higher county-level opioid prescription rates, especially those from emergency medicine, family medicine, internal medicine, and physician assistants, were associated with higher opioid-related mortality rates. Higher poverty levels and proportions of white populations in counties also correlated with increased mortality. Additionally, prescribers in the highest quartile of opioid prescription rates had a disproportionate impact on mortality compared to the remaining 75% of prescribers.
Gao recommendations to CMS
This report examines CMS's oversight of Medicare Part D beneficiaries who receive opioid prescriptions and providers who prescribe opioids to these beneficiaries. It finds that while CMS provides guidance to Part D plan sponsors on monitoring beneficiaries at high risk of opioid overuse, it lacks complete data on the full population of beneficiaries at risk. It also finds that CMS oversees prescribing through its contractor NBI MEDIC but does not specifically analyze opioid prescription data or require reporting on actions taken regarding inappropriate opioid prescribing. The report concludes that CMS needs more comprehensive oversight to reduce the risks of opioid misuse, overdose, and inappropriate prescribing among Medicare beneficiaries.
Prescribing by specialty
This study analyzed opioid prescription trends among medical specialties in the U.S. from 2007-2012 using a national prescription database. The key findings were:
- Primary care specialties (family practice, internal medicine, general practice) accounted for nearly half of all dispensed opioid prescriptions in 2012.
- Specialties treating pain conditions like pain medicine, surgery, and physical medicine had the highest rates of opioid prescribing.
- Overall opioid prescribing rates increased from 2007-2010 but stabilized from 2010-2012 as most specialties reduced rates.
- The greatest increase in opioid prescribing was among physical medicine specialists, while the largest decreases were in emergency medicine and dentistry.
The place-of-antipsychotics-in-the-therapy-of-anxiety-disorders-and-obsessive...
This document summarizes a research article about the use of antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The review finds evidence that certain second-generation antipsychotics (SGAPs), like quetiapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole, can be effective for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Quetiapine in particular receives a recommendation as a first-line treatment for GAD. However, the review finds insufficient evidence for SGAPs in the treatment of social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. First-generation antipsychotics are not recommended for any anxiety disorders based on their side effect profiles
Structured opioid refill clinic epic smartphrases
#*** I explained to the patient the risks of combining opioids and benzodiazepines based on medical literature. We agreed to slowly taper the patient off benzodiazepines and trial safer alternatives for sleep and anxiety issues.
#*** I showed the patient their fibromyalgia screening questionnaire results, which were consistent with a fibromyalgia diagnosis. Fibromyalgia can amplify other painful conditions and is often the primary source of morbidity when present with other chronic pain diagnoses.
#*** We discussed the patient's high risk opioid regimen based on their dose exceeding CDC guidelines. While willing to work on a harm reduction plan, it will require a taper or switching to buprenorphine due to safety concerns.
Opioids for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Mistakes Made, Lessons Learned, an...
This document summarizes the key issues regarding the use of opioids for chronic pain treatment:
1) An overreliance on opioids to treat chronic pain has contributed to the prescription opioid abuse epidemic in the US, as outpatient use allows for abuse and diversion of these addictive drugs.
2) While clinical trials show opioids effectively treat acute pain and are initially effective for chronic pain, real-world use reveals increased risks of abuse, addiction, and poor functional outcomes over the long-term.
3) The evidence supporting chronic opioid therapy was limited and observational in nature, yet convinced the medical community until larger population studies showed increased abuse rates contrary to initial assumptions.
The potential adverse influence of physicians’ words.
The physician's words can inadvertently amplify patients' symptoms and increase somatic distress if not carefully considered. Learning about potential side effects from medications, procedures, or test results can lead patients to experience and report those effects more frequently through psychological mechanisms like misattribution and increased attention to bodily sensations. Discussing concepts like nocebo and viscerosomatic amplification with patients can help provide reassuring explanations for symptoms and make them feel less intrusive. Physicians should thoughtfully consider their word choices and focus on benefits as well as side effects to minimize undue distress.
Ctaf chronic pain__evidence_report_100417
This document is an evidence report published by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) that evaluates the comparative clinical effectiveness and value of cognitive and mind-body therapies for chronic low back and neck pain. It was authored by Jeffrey Tice and others from ICER. The report assesses the clinical evidence on therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction and presents economic analyses of the long-term cost-effectiveness and potential budget impact of these therapies. It also incorporates input from clinical experts and stakeholders.
The conundrum of opioid tapering in long term opioid therapy for chronic pain...
The document discusses the challenges clinicians face when tapering patients off long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain. It explains that opioid dependence can cause worsening pain, psychiatric symptoms, and functioning during tapering due to neuroplastic changes. While tapering seems logical to address risks of high-dose opioids, it may paradoxically make a patient's issues worse due to protracted abstinence syndrome. The document provides guidance for managing these complex patients focused on both pain and opioid dependence.
Wolfe (2012) culture, science and the changing nature of fibromyalgia nrr s...
The document discusses how the definition and understanding of fibromyalgia has changed over time. Key changes include the 1990 criteria requiring tender points and widespread pain, which were later abandoned in 2010 in favor of criteria focusing on somatic symptoms and cognitive problems. The document also argues that fibromyalgia is best understood as existing on a continuum of distress, rather than as a discrete categorical disorder, and that it is closely related to the historical diagnosis of neurasthenia.
40sec Balance Test
This document outlines a 4-stage balance test to assess static balance. It describes each of the 4 stages or positions with increasing difficulty, such as standing with feet side by side, then heel to toe, and finally standing on one foot. For each stage, the patient is instructed to hold the position for 10 seconds without moving their feet while being timed. An older adult unable to hold the tandem stance for 10 seconds is considered at increased risk for falls.
MoCA Dementia Screening Tool
The document is a test for cognitive assessment called the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA). It consists of 30 points worth of tests covering various cognitive domains: memory, visuospatial skills, language, attention, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation. The tests include recalling lists of words and letters, serial 7 subtraction, sentence repetition, clock drawing, cube copying, and naming tasks. Scores are recorded for each test with 26 or above considered normal. Additional points may be given depending on years of education.
Epic smart phrases for CNP scenarios
The document discusses alternatives to benzodiazepines for a patient, including a taper and trial of safer alternatives for their sleep disorder/anxiety/panic attacks/agoraphobia. It also discusses concepts like breakthrough pain, doctor shopping, fibromyalgia, high risk opioid regimens, prescribing nasal naloxone, opioid use disorder, pain catastrophizing, and structured opioid refill clinics. Key points emphasized include the dangers of combining opioids and benzodiazepines, non-cancer alternatives for certain conditions, guidelines for safe opioid dosing, and non-opioid treatment options.
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
What is Obesity? How to overcome Obesity?
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Community Catastrophizing
This document contains two studies related to psychological treatments for chronic conditions:
1) A study of chronic fatigue syndrome patients found that poorer outcomes were predicted by membership in a self-help group, receiving sickness benefits, and symptoms of dysphoria. Severity and duration of symptoms did not predict response.
2) A randomized controlled trial of 125 fibromyalgia patients compared operant behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and attention placebo. Both behavioral therapies significantly reduced pain intensity while cognitive therapy improved cognitive and affective variables and operant therapy improved physical functioning and behaviors. The attention placebo resulted in no improvement or deterioration.
Risk-Benefit High-Dose LTOT
This document summarizes three studies on the risks and efficacy of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNP). The first study finds that while opioids were associated with small improvements in pain and physical functioning compared to placebo, they also increased the risk of vomiting. Comparisons to other medications found similar benefits to pain and functioning. The second study finds no difference in pain-related function between opioid and non-opioid groups over 12 months, and higher rates of adverse effects and pain intensity in the opioid group. The third study finds limited effectiveness of opioids for CNP, as opioid users did not report improvements in outcomes after 2 years. Regarding risks, higher opioid doses are associated with increased overdose risk across several patient groups in
Space Trial
1) This randomized clinical trial compared opioid vs nonopioid medication therapy over 12 months for patients with chronic back, hip, or knee pain.
2) It found no significant difference in pain-related function between the two groups, but pain intensity was significantly better in the nonopioid group. Adverse effects were significantly more common in the opioid group.
3) The study concludes that opioid therapy was not superior to nonopioid medications for improving pain-related function over 12 months, and the results do not support initiating opioids for moderate to severe chronic musculoskeletal pain.
Mortality quadrupled among opioid-driven hospitalizations notably within lowe...
This study analyzed national hospitalization data from 1993-2014 to examine trends in mortality and characteristics of hospitalizations related to opioids compared to other drug and non-drug hospitalizations. The key findings were:
1) Mortality among opioid-related hospitalizations quadrupled from 0.43% before 2000 to 2.02% in 2014, increasing 0.12 percentage points per year relative to other drug hospitalizations.
2) While total opioid-related hospitalizations remained stable, diagnoses shifted from opioid dependence/abuse to opioid/heroin poisoning, which have higher mortality rates. Hospitalizations for poisoning grew by 0.01 per 1,000 people annually after 2000.
3) Patients hospitalized for opioid/
Prescriptions filled following an opioid-related hospitalization.
This study analyzed prescription drug fills within 30 days of discharge for 36,719 patients hospitalized for opioid misuse. Only 16.7% received medications approved for opioid dependence, while 40.3% filled antidepressant prescriptions and 22.4% filled opioid pain medication prescriptions. Concurrently, 13.9% filled benzodiazepine prescriptions and 7.4% filled both benzodiazepine and opioid prescriptions, indicating a need for improved education on risks. Overall, more effort is required to ensure patients receive recommended post-hospitalization treatment and support services.
Jamapsychiatry santavirta 2017_oi_170084
This study examined the risk of psychiatric hospitalization in the offspring (second generation) of Finns who were evacuated to Sweden without parents during World War II (first generation), compared to offspring of Finns who were not evacuated. The study found that daughters of mothers who were evacuated during childhood had an elevated risk of psychiatric hospitalization, especially for mood disorders. However, there was no increased risk found for offspring of evacuated fathers or for male offspring of evacuated mothers. This suggests that early childhood adversity experienced by the first generation, such as war-related trauma, may be associated with mental health problems that persist into the second generation.
Correlation of opioid mortality with prescriptions and social determinants -a...
This study analyzed Medicare Part D data from 2013-2014 to examine the relationship between opioid prescription rates, socioeconomic factors, and opioid-related mortality rates at the county level in the United States. The results showed that higher county-level opioid prescription rates, especially those from emergency medicine, family medicine, internal medicine, and physician assistants, were associated with higher opioid-related mortality rates. Higher poverty levels and proportions of white populations in counties also correlated with increased mortality. Additionally, prescribers in the highest quartile of opioid prescription rates had a disproportionate impact on mortality compared to the remaining 75% of prescribers.
Gao recommendations to CMS
This report examines CMS's oversight of Medicare Part D beneficiaries who receive opioid prescriptions and providers who prescribe opioids to these beneficiaries. It finds that while CMS provides guidance to Part D plan sponsors on monitoring beneficiaries at high risk of opioid overuse, it lacks complete data on the full population of beneficiaries at risk. It also finds that CMS oversees prescribing through its contractor NBI MEDIC but does not specifically analyze opioid prescription data or require reporting on actions taken regarding inappropriate opioid prescribing. The report concludes that CMS needs more comprehensive oversight to reduce the risks of opioid misuse, overdose, and inappropriate prescribing among Medicare beneficiaries.
Prescribing by specialty
This study analyzed opioid prescription trends among medical specialties in the U.S. from 2007-2012 using a national prescription database. The key findings were:
- Primary care specialties (family practice, internal medicine, general practice) accounted for nearly half of all dispensed opioid prescriptions in 2012.
- Specialties treating pain conditions like pain medicine, surgery, and physical medicine had the highest rates of opioid prescribing.
- Overall opioid prescribing rates increased from 2007-2010 but stabilized from 2010-2012 as most specialties reduced rates.
- The greatest increase in opioid prescribing was among physical medicine specialists, while the largest decreases were in emergency medicine and dentistry.
The place-of-antipsychotics-in-the-therapy-of-anxiety-disorders-and-obsessive...
This document summarizes a research article about the use of antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The review finds evidence that certain second-generation antipsychotics (SGAPs), like quetiapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole, can be effective for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Quetiapine in particular receives a recommendation as a first-line treatment for GAD. However, the review finds insufficient evidence for SGAPs in the treatment of social anxiety disorder and panic disorder. First-generation antipsychotics are not recommended for any anxiety disorders based on their side effect profiles
Structured opioid refill clinic epic smartphrases
#*** I explained to the patient the risks of combining opioids and benzodiazepines based on medical literature. We agreed to slowly taper the patient off benzodiazepines and trial safer alternatives for sleep and anxiety issues.
#*** I showed the patient their fibromyalgia screening questionnaire results, which were consistent with a fibromyalgia diagnosis. Fibromyalgia can amplify other painful conditions and is often the primary source of morbidity when present with other chronic pain diagnoses.
#*** We discussed the patient's high risk opioid regimen based on their dose exceeding CDC guidelines. While willing to work on a harm reduction plan, it will require a taper or switching to buprenorphine due to safety concerns.
Opioids for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Mistakes Made, Lessons Learned, an...
This document summarizes the key issues regarding the use of opioids for chronic pain treatment:
1) An overreliance on opioids to treat chronic pain has contributed to the prescription opioid abuse epidemic in the US, as outpatient use allows for abuse and diversion of these addictive drugs.
2) While clinical trials show opioids effectively treat acute pain and are initially effective for chronic pain, real-world use reveals increased risks of abuse, addiction, and poor functional outcomes over the long-term.
3) The evidence supporting chronic opioid therapy was limited and observational in nature, yet convinced the medical community until larger population studies showed increased abuse rates contrary to initial assumptions.
The potential adverse influence of physicians’ words.
The physician's words can inadvertently amplify patients' symptoms and increase somatic distress if not carefully considered. Learning about potential side effects from medications, procedures, or test results can lead patients to experience and report those effects more frequently through psychological mechanisms like misattribution and increased attention to bodily sensations. Discussing concepts like nocebo and viscerosomatic amplification with patients can help provide reassuring explanations for symptoms and make them feel less intrusive. Physicians should thoughtfully consider their word choices and focus on benefits as well as side effects to minimize undue distress.
Ctaf chronic pain__evidence_report_100417
This document is an evidence report published by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER) that evaluates the comparative clinical effectiveness and value of cognitive and mind-body therapies for chronic low back and neck pain. It was authored by Jeffrey Tice and others from ICER. The report assesses the clinical evidence on therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based stress reduction and presents economic analyses of the long-term cost-effectiveness and potential budget impact of these therapies. It also incorporates input from clinical experts and stakeholders.
The conundrum of opioid tapering in long term opioid therapy for chronic pain...
The document discusses the challenges clinicians face when tapering patients off long-term opioid therapy for chronic pain. It explains that opioid dependence can cause worsening pain, psychiatric symptoms, and functioning during tapering due to neuroplastic changes. While tapering seems logical to address risks of high-dose opioids, it may paradoxically make a patient's issues worse due to protracted abstinence syndrome. The document provides guidance for managing these complex patients focused on both pain and opioid dependence.
Wolfe (2012) culture, science and the changing nature of fibromyalgia nrr s...
The document discusses how the definition and understanding of fibromyalgia has changed over time. Key changes include the 1990 criteria requiring tender points and widespread pain, which were later abandoned in 2010 in favor of criteria focusing on somatic symptoms and cognitive problems. The document also argues that fibromyalgia is best understood as existing on a continuum of distress, rather than as a discrete categorical disorder, and that it is closely related to the historical diagnosis of neurasthenia.
40sec Balance Test
This document outlines a 4-stage balance test to assess static balance. It describes each of the 4 stages or positions with increasing difficulty, such as standing with feet side by side, then heel to toe, and finally standing on one foot. For each stage, the patient is instructed to hold the position for 10 seconds without moving their feet while being timed. An older adult unable to hold the tandem stance for 10 seconds is considered at increased risk for falls.
MoCA Dementia Screening Tool
The document is a test for cognitive assessment called the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA). It consists of 30 points worth of tests covering various cognitive domains: memory, visuospatial skills, language, attention, abstraction, delayed recall, and orientation. The tests include recalling lists of words and letters, serial 7 subtraction, sentence repetition, clock drawing, cube copying, and naming tasks. Scores are recorded for each test with 26 or above considered normal. Additional points may be given depending on years of education.
Epic smart phrases for CNP scenarios
The document discusses alternatives to benzodiazepines for a patient, including a taper and trial of safer alternatives for their sleep disorder/anxiety/panic attacks/agoraphobia. It also discusses concepts like breakthrough pain, doctor shopping, fibromyalgia, high risk opioid regimens, prescribing nasal naloxone, opioid use disorder, pain catastrophizing, and structured opioid refill clinics. Key points emphasized include the dangers of combining opioids and benzodiazepines, non-cancer alternatives for certain conditions, guidelines for safe opioid dosing, and non-opioid treatment options.
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Mortality quadrupled among opioid-driven hospitalizations notably within lowe...
Mortality quadrupled among opioid-driven hospitalizations notably within lowe...
Prescriptions filled following an opioid-related hospitalization.
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Correlation of opioid mortality with prescriptions and social determinants -a...
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Opioids for the Treatment of Chronic Pain: Mistakes Made, Lessons Learned, an...
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The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
une 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
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Regulatory Affairs
Full hand written notes
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Hemodialysis: Chapter 6, Hemodialysis Adequacy and Dose - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
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