This document discusses different types of media ownership structures and provides examples of each. It defines private ownership using MTV and Sky Sports as examples. It also defines public service ownership using the BBC as an example. It goes on to describe multinational ownership, independent ownership, conglomerates, vertical integration, horizontal integration, cross media divergence, and synergy - providing examples for each. It concludes by comparing the vertically integrated American film industry, dominated by six major studios, to the smaller, less centralized British film industry.

2.  Define the following and given an example of a
company that does this eg Apple for vertical
integration:
 (This is part 1 of your “ownership of the media
sector” power point. Add these two power
points together then add it to your blog - after
completing this try and add more of these
technical terms and definition to your case
study - this will gain you merits and distinctions)
 Also you should realistically be doing a full page
of writing AND DON’T CUT AND PASTE OFF
WIKIPEDIA

3. Private ownership in the media is when a media
company is owned by someone and they rely on
adverts to get them their money.
An example of these are MTV and Sky Sports
The advantages of this are that they can play
the shows they want to entertain their target
audience. They are usually not a strict on the
watershed.
A disadvantage is, if the company runs out of
money its down to them to get the money back.
They have to rely on all their shows to do well.

4.  Public service ownership is when it is owned by the
broadcaster channel.
 For example the BBC.
 They have to put shows on that will entertain
everyone. The public pay for this channel from their
tax.
 Advantages of public services is that because of this
there are no adverts. Also because there has to be
something on that you find entertaining. Also
because our money goes towards this channel it
means it wont get shut down.
 A disadvantage of public service ownership is
that if they stopped paying they would be stuck.

5.  Describe it and give an example
 What are the advantages and
disadvantages of this type of ownership
 Multinational ownerships is when a
company is no longer just over one
nation, and has usually gone global.

6.  Independent ownership is a company that is
owned by a privately held organization. These
businesses are operated in independent mode.
Independent ownership is usually have one sole
owner of the company. The business is carried
out in the name of the owner.
 The great advantage of the business is that the
owner can shape the business how ever he
see’s fit.
 It is hard to get your business known because
you do not have the power of a public or
private ownership to advertise your business.

7.  A conglomerate is corporation made up of lots of
different companies that work in the same field so
they can boost the company and get a bigger profit
across all the companies.
 The advantage is that you have to share the profit
but because there are more companies working
towards the same thing. So there is it is more likely
they will succeed and gain a large profit than if they
were multiple companies.
 The disadvantage of a conglomerate is that because
company is so large they are delving deep into new
area. So there is more chance of risk spreading.

8.  Horizontal Integration is where a business adds
outlets to chain to the company to enhance its
competitiveness. A publisher might acquire a
publishing house to keep a stable flow of editor
and authors coming though this increases the
chance of these people seeing his business.
 A advantage and disadvantage is seen by
regulators that horizontal integration has an
unfair advantage in the market and must
regulated a lot. This is an advantage because
you could use it and increase your business. This
can also be used against you by the
competitors.

9.  This is where one single company owns multiple
businesses. This in combination control the production
and selling the product. An example of this is that a Tv
company, a radio show and a film producer can all
use the same product in their business.
 An advantage is that the experience and technology
can overlap to give the product a better chance in
the market against over products.
 A disadvantage is that the economics will decrease
because of the different stages of production. So the
business will not thrive as well as other companies.

10.  Cross media divergence is when there is are a range
of media platforms integrated into a single piece of
technology. The Xbox 360 is a example of this is
because it is a gaming console but also has a DVD
player and a internet modem integrated inside of
the console.
 A big advantage to this is that the consumer would
see more for their money and immediately want to
buy it. Also this helps smaller companies sell their
product. If the DVD company were selling really
badly they could integrate there product into the
Xbox and take a better share of the product
because more units would be sold.

11.  Synergy is where the different sectors of corporation work
together to get the same goal. An example of this is
Disney as all their movies, toys and theme parks all work
together to make profit to one big pot. Synergy “means
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts”.
 The advantages to a synergy is that the profit is big
depending on the amount of parts that are in the
business. Also that each sector is different so they are
aiming at a big audience. This also means if one sector
fails then they have the money to back it up or cut it off.
Finally operating a synergy is easier than other methods
because you have more than one person running a
certain sector so thee pressure is not on one person.

12. American Film Industry
The American Industry was developed from 1890 to 1930. In this time the industry developed into an popular medium. That are
clearly set in the production and distribution elements. In the 1930’s the American film industry thrived because of enhances in
technology, is was known as the studio era. A bad thing about the American industry is that it was controlled by five companies
known as the majors or the Big five. The American Film Industry (The Big Five) are all vertically integrated because they overseer all
of the production, marketing, distribution right through to the consumer. This is a good thing because it allows them to keep track
of what is going on across the board and fix any problems that might be
happening. It is also a bad thing because it is expensive to keep track of
there business as it is so big. So they have to bring in more money to keep
the companies on top. There are now over 6 major film companies that run
the American film industry which are “Warner Bros Pictures, 20th
Century Fox,
Paramount Pictures, Columbia Pictures, Walt Disney Pictures and finally
Universal studios. The advantage of having so many different companies at
the top, is that if one company fails in that sector they have other companies
to back them up because they are al linked. The disadvantage is that you have
to share the profits across the boards to the other companies to keep this link
going.
British Film Industry
The British Film Industry is seen as a lot smaller compared to the American industry. When people see a film they mostly relate it
with American production or Hollywood. The British Film Industry works on
smaller productions. Also supporting a first time writer work on a feature film script that
has great potential compared to the Hollywood productions using well known directors and
scrip writers to get a clean and quality cut film. The advantage that British film industries
get from small productions is that they can look for talented film makers and make
progress in developing the industry. Even if the film is not successful.