The document discusses when outsourcing stops making sense based on a case study of EMD Serono outsourcing biostatistics and programming work to Cytel. While outsourcing can provide cost savings and access to specialized skills, outsourcing for cost alone is risky. The case study shows how EMD Serono and Cytel worked together to thoughtfully plan and adaptively implement the outsourcing arrangement to ensure quality delivery and flexibility. Through close monitoring and adjustments, the outsourcing achieved cost savings without compromising quality or flexibility.