Osteochondroma is a benign bone tumor that commonly arises from the metaphysis of long bones like the distal femur and proximal tibia. It presents as a slow growing bony projection with a cartilage cap. Microscopically, it contains hyaline cartilage and bone. Osteochondromas are usually asymptomatic but can cause pain if the stalk fractures or impinges on nearby structures. While typically benign, individuals with multiple hereditary osteochondromas have an increased risk of progression to osteosarcoma.

1. Roll no. 1823
Chandrakala meena

2. •the first hint of a tumor presence in bone is -
pathologic fractures.
Benign bone tumors-

3.  Predominant tissue-
 1.bone forming

 2.Cartilage forming
 3.Unknown origin
 Benign tumors-
 1.osteoma
 Osteoblastoma& osteiod
osteoma
 2.chondroma
 Osteochondroma
 Chondroblastoma
 Chondromyxoid fibrom
 3.giant cell tumor

4.  Osteochondroma is a bony exostosis projecting
from the external surface of a bone.
 It is usually has a hyline lined cartilagious cap.
 It is the most common benign bone tumor .
 Arise from- metaphysis of distal femur and
proximal tibia.
 Osteochondroma present as slow growing masses
which can be painful if the stalk is fractured or
they imping on a nerve.

5.  male female ratio 2:1
 75% occure before the age of 20
Causes due to-
 Abnormality in the growth plate.
 genetic disorder cause- heredietry multiple
osteochondroma result of mutation in gene
EXT1& EXT2.

7. 1. Mashroom shaped
 2.Size about 1cm to 20 cm .
3. Outer layer of osteochondroma
composed of benign hyline cartilage
4. Newly formed bone forms the
inner portion of the head &
stalk,cortex of the stalk omerges
with cortex of host bone.

1.covered by thin layer of cartilage
2.cap made up of hyline cartilage
3.binucleate chondrocyte present
in
lacuna
4.contain hyline cartilage & bony
cartilage
histology-
Gross-

8. --Radiograph of an
osteochondroma from
the distal femur.
-osteochondroma are
sessile and
pedunculated.

9. 1.Fracture
2.Bony deformity
3. Vascular injury
4.mechanical irritation
5.Malignancy - 5% to 20% multiple
heridietry exostosis progress to osteosarcoma.
6. Bursae formation.