osteoarthritis-Bone Disease

1. OSTEOARTHRITIS
PRESENTED BY- LAYEEQUE AHMAD
PHARM D 5TH YEAR

2. INTRODUCTION
 Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, progressive disorder affecting primarily
weightbearing diarthrodial joints, characterized by progressive deterioration
and loss of articular cartilage, osteophyte formation, pain, limitation of
motion, deformity, and disability.
 (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and is strongly related to age.
 OA is the leading cause of chronic mobility disability and the most common
reason for total-hip and total-knee replacement.

3. Type of osteoarthritis
 Osteoarthritis classified into two categories-
1. Primary(idiopathic) osteoarthritis:- Primary OA may
assume a localized, generalized, or erosive pattern.
2. Secondary osteoarthritis:- it results from congenital or
developmental disorders or inflammatory, metabolic, or
endocrine diseases.

5. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION
 Symptoms
- joint pain
- reduced range of motion
- brief joint stiffness

6. SIGNS
 One or more joints may be involved, usually in an asymmetric
pattern.
 The following sites are most often involved in primary OA:
• Distal interphalangeal finger joints (Heberden nodes).
• Proximal interphalangeal finger joints (Bouchard nodes).
• First carpometacarpal joint.
• Knees, hips, and cervicolumbar spine.
• Metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe.

7. DIAGNOSIS
 No laboratory tests are specific for diagnosing OA.
 Synovial fluid aspirated from an affected joint should be sterile,
without crystals.
 WBC count less than 1.5 × 103 /mm3 (1.5 × 109 /L).
 Radiographic changes such as joint-space narrowing, subchondral
bone sclerosis, and osteophytes may be detected.

8. TREATMENT
 Goals of therapy include:
(a) Educating the patient and caregivers.
(b) Relieving pain
(c) Maintaining or restoring mobility
(d) Minimizing functional impairment and associated adverse
outcomes (eg, falls).
(e) Preserving joint integrity
(f) Improving quality of life.

9. NONPHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY
 Nonpharmacologic therapy play an important role in the treatment of
OA it includes:
- Education
- Exercise
- Weight loss
- Cognitive behavioral intervention.

10. PHARMACOLOGIC THERAPY
 First line drugs for osteoarthritis-
- Analgesics
- NSAIDs
- Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake inhibitors
- Intraarticular Steroid Injection
- Dietary Supplements
(Glucosamine sulfate)
(Chondroitin)

12. Role of pharmacist in OA management

14. OSTEOARTHRITIS PREVENTION
 By age 65, more than half of us will have X-ray evidence of
osteoarthritis, few suggestions are given below-
1. Control Weight
2. Exercise
3. Avoid Injuries or Get Them Treated
4. Eat Right

15. THANK YOU