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ORTHOPAEDIC INSTRUMENTS LISTED IN THIS.pptx
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- 2. NAILS • Nails aredevices used for intra medullary fixation of fractures of long bones. • They have holes proximally and distally to lock them with locking screws, to prevent rotation. • The holes are usually perpendicular to the long axis of the shaft.
- 3. • Tibial nails-Has an acute angle the proximal part, called Herzog’s bend ( to ease the insertion) and has a straight shaft.
- 4. • These nailsare of two types. The one with uniform gentle convexity is entered through the trochanteric fossa and the other one with convexity and acute angle is entered through the tip of the trochanter.
- 5. • Exceptional isthe Proximal femoral Nail (PFN) Which has Oblique holes Used in the fixation of fracture at the proximal part of the Femur
- 6. SCREWS • Screws aregenerally made up of Stainless steel except Pedicle screw which is made up of Titanium. • The screw has head, neck and body • The distance between each thread is known as pitch. • Used alone or with plates
- 8. • CORTICAL SCREWS Theyhave closely spaced, shallow threads and large core diameter. They are used to fix fractures of the shaft. • CANCELLOUS SCREWS They have more deeply cut and widely spaced threads compared to cortical screws. They are used in the fixation of cancellous bone (eg. Metaphyses of long bones) and osteoporotic bones
- 9. • LAG SCREW Partiallythreaded cancellous screw Gives compression at the fracture site • LOCKING SCREW Types: cortical and cancellous Screw with threads in the head • LOCKING BOLT Threads are least prominent in bolt
- 10. • PEDICLE SCREWAND ROD Made up of Titanium. Used in spine surgery.
- 12. • DYNAMIC HIPSCREW Partially threaded at the tip. It has two components: the lag screw and the barrel. Used for internal fixation of Trochanteric fractures. Eg. Proximal femoral fracture. angle btw barrel and plate approximates the angle btw neck and shaft of bone
- 13. PLATES Used for fixationof bony fragments. - Humerus, clavicle, forearm fractures, Metaphysis and epiphysis of Tibia and femur DYNAMIC COMPRESSION PLATE (DCP) Used to cause compression at the fracture site Broad- Humerus, Tibia, Femur Narrow- Fibula, Clavicle
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- 16. LOCK COMPESSION PLATE (LCP) Usedin Osteoporotic and peri articular fractures; fractures closer to joints. Holes in this plate has threads. This prevents the slippage of screws.
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- 20. DYNAMIC CONDYLAR SCREW •Angle: 90 degrees USES • Supracondylar • Distal femoral • Subtrochanteric DYNAMIC HIP SCREW • Angle : 135 degrees USES • Intertrochanteric
- 21. STEINMANN PIN Stout, straightsteel rod, 3-6mm diameter. Used for skeletal traction. Eg. Upper end of Tibia, Supracondylar region of Femur, calcaneum, Olecranon.
- 22. • BOHLER’S STIRRUPWITH STEINMANN PIN Used for Skeletal traction. READ ABOUT INDICATION AND COMPLICATION
- 25. SKULL TONG Used toapply skeletal traction at the skull in case of cervical spine injury or disease. Screw applied upto the level of inner table. Read about the cervical spine fracture and dislocation
- 26. SEHANZ SCREW Used forexternal fixation of fracture Used in Open fractures and post debridement. read about the complications, and differentiate between the Steinmann pin and Sehanz screw .
- 28. K WIRE Kirschner wireor K wire is a thin, straight, steel wire of 1-3 mm diameter. Uses: 1. internal fixation of small bones 2. for giving traction, through olecranon 3. in Ilizarov’s fixation 4. in fixing fractures in children
- 30. DYNAMIC LIMB RECONSTRUCTIONSYSTEM (LRS) corticotomy with bone transposition
- 32. ILIZAROV RING FIXATION Usedfor external fixation in complex or open fractures. In Juxta articular fractures and fractures with bone defects eg. Fracture tibia and fibula Also used as LRS
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