Some Current Philippine Rice Production Technology and Constraints: Opportunities for Academe-Based Filipino-Korean Research and Development Initiatives
A Country Report for the Rice Production Technology for ASEAN Countries, International Technical Cooperation Center, Rural Development Administration, Suwon City, South Korea, 29 July 2003. This presentation highlighted my previous works while still teaching at a state university, and featured an award-winning research on the use of hybrid rice in the mountains.
Toni Loyzaga Revised M O Climate Risk 10262009 1Psdmn Phil
This document summarizes climate risks in the Philippines based on a study. It finds:
1) The Philippine climate is changing, with warmer temperatures and more extreme rainfall.
2) Climate change will continue increasing these hazards.
3) Population growth and urbanization are also increasing exposure and vulnerability.
4) Typhoon Ketsana (Ondoy) in 2009 caused extreme flooding in Manila due to high hazards, exposure, and vulnerability, demonstrating climate risks.
The Pakistan Economic Survey for 2013-14 summarizes production figures for major agricultural crops. Cotton production declined slightly at 12.8 million bales compared to a target of 14.1 million bales. Wheat production increased to 25.3 million tons, surpassing the target of 25 million tons. Rice production was higher at 6.8 million tons compared to the target of 6.2 million tons. Sugarcane production exceeded the target of 65 million tons, reaching 66.5 million tons. Overall, most crop production increased over the previous year but cotton declined.
Cereals are losing their popularity as the bedrock of the American breakfast. Several factors are contributing to this decline. Economic changes and shifts in tastes and preferences have led many people to choose alternatives like yogurt and bagels instead of cereals. Additionally, increasing health consciousness and declining birth rates have reduced cereal consumption. Demographic factors also play a role, as Latinos and Asians often prefer other breakfast options. While cereals still face monopolistic competition from similar products, their price elasticity is inelastic. Surveys show consumption of popular family and children's cereals has decreased between 5-10% in the last decade.
Pakistan is the 4th largest producer of rice globally. Rice is a major export and source of foreign exchange for Pakistan. The document proposes introducing a branded rice product called Delish Rice in major Pakistani cities to address the lack of widely available quality branded rice options. The marketing strategy involves launching initially in Karachi and other large cities, targeting upper-income consumers, and focusing on modern retail channels and promotions to drive sales and build brand awareness. The goal is to gain a 20% market share within the first year through a regional launch approach and emphasis on below-the-line marketing activities over traditional advertising.
The document lists alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages available at Grand including wines from 28-170 NIS per glass or 90-130 NIS per bottle, spirits from 18-42 NIS such as vodka, gin, rum, whiskey, tequila, arak and pastis, beers from 18-28 NIS, cider, mineral water, soft drinks, juices and hot beverages from 9-18 NIS.
This is a unit of work linking Geography and Technology. Students explore modern methods of rice production in Australia to that of neighbouring countries. Lessons include higher order thinking skills/tasks.
Toni Loyzaga Revised M O Climate Risk 10262009 1Psdmn Phil
This document summarizes climate risks in the Philippines based on a study. It finds:
1) The Philippine climate is changing, with warmer temperatures and more extreme rainfall.
2) Climate change will continue increasing these hazards.
3) Population growth and urbanization are also increasing exposure and vulnerability.
4) Typhoon Ketsana (Ondoy) in 2009 caused extreme flooding in Manila due to high hazards, exposure, and vulnerability, demonstrating climate risks.
The Pakistan Economic Survey for 2013-14 summarizes production figures for major agricultural crops. Cotton production declined slightly at 12.8 million bales compared to a target of 14.1 million bales. Wheat production increased to 25.3 million tons, surpassing the target of 25 million tons. Rice production was higher at 6.8 million tons compared to the target of 6.2 million tons. Sugarcane production exceeded the target of 65 million tons, reaching 66.5 million tons. Overall, most crop production increased over the previous year but cotton declined.
Cereals are losing their popularity as the bedrock of the American breakfast. Several factors are contributing to this decline. Economic changes and shifts in tastes and preferences have led many people to choose alternatives like yogurt and bagels instead of cereals. Additionally, increasing health consciousness and declining birth rates have reduced cereal consumption. Demographic factors also play a role, as Latinos and Asians often prefer other breakfast options. While cereals still face monopolistic competition from similar products, their price elasticity is inelastic. Surveys show consumption of popular family and children's cereals has decreased between 5-10% in the last decade.
Pakistan is the 4th largest producer of rice globally. Rice is a major export and source of foreign exchange for Pakistan. The document proposes introducing a branded rice product called Delish Rice in major Pakistani cities to address the lack of widely available quality branded rice options. The marketing strategy involves launching initially in Karachi and other large cities, targeting upper-income consumers, and focusing on modern retail channels and promotions to drive sales and build brand awareness. The goal is to gain a 20% market share within the first year through a regional launch approach and emphasis on below-the-line marketing activities over traditional advertising.
The document lists alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages available at Grand including wines from 28-170 NIS per glass or 90-130 NIS per bottle, spirits from 18-42 NIS such as vodka, gin, rum, whiskey, tequila, arak and pastis, beers from 18-28 NIS, cider, mineral water, soft drinks, juices and hot beverages from 9-18 NIS.
This is a unit of work linking Geography and Technology. Students explore modern methods of rice production in Australia to that of neighbouring countries. Lessons include higher order thinking skills/tasks.
Rice (Oryza sativa L. 2n = 2x = 24) is a staple food for over half of the world's populationproviding 43% of calorie. Rice yield has experienced many fold jumps since the 1950s. This happened primarily as the result of genetic improvement and increasing harvest index by reducing plant height using the semi-dwarf genes and utilization of heterosis by producing hybrids. Heterosis is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring exhibits heterosis if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. Genetic basis of heterosis included overdominance, dominance, and additive effects.
This document discusses a line of male characters that were suppressed and fertile but small and tall. The advantages included yield and resistance while the disadvantages included a reduction of yield during the F2 generation and high cost.
This document discusses hybrid varieties of plants. It begins by explaining that plant breeding is used to produce desired traits in plants. Hybrids are commonly produced because they have desirable traits not found in parent plants. Some examples of hybrid animals and plants are then given. The rest of the document discusses characteristics and examples of hybridized plants, including higher resistance, yield and productivity. Specific hybrid varieties of crops like rice, chili, brinjal, tomato, rubber, cucumber, pea and coconut are outlined. In conclusion, hybrid plants provide benefits like increased yields and productivity compared to traditional varieties.
The document provides guidelines for growing hybrid rice, including selecting high-quality seed varieties, soil testing, land preparation, seedbed preparation, transplanting seedlings, fertilizer application, irrigation, weed control, pest management, disease prevention, and harvesting. The presentation aims to help farmers maximize yield through proper cultivation techniques for hybrid rice.
Agriculture is an important sector for Pakistan's economy, contributing approximately 24% to GDP and employing over 40% of the labor force. The major crops grown in Pakistan are wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, and maize. Pakistan has the 5th largest livestock population in the world, including buffalo, cattle, goats, sheep, and poultry. Agriculture provides food security, employment, foreign exchange earnings, and reduces poverty and inflation in Pakistan. However, the sector remains underdeveloped and more government support is needed for its improvement.
Hybrid seed technology involves crossing two pure parental lines that have desirable traits to produce hybrid seeds that exhibit superior traits compared to the parents. It requires developing inbred lines, identifying suitable parental lines, and developing systems for pollen control. Major challenges include maintaining parental lines and separating male and female reproductive organs. Hybrid seeds allow for higher yields than open pollinated varieties and can be produced economically at large scale. Male sterility techniques like cytoplasmic male sterility are important for facilitating hybrid seed production in self-pollinating crops.
Rice is a major industry and export in Pakistan. It is the 4th largest rice producer globally and rice exports earn 13% of Pakistan's foreign exchange. Punjab and Sindh are the top rice producing provinces. While production has increased in recent years, post-harvest losses remain high. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor aims to boost trade and investment, including for the rice sector, by improving infrastructure connectivity between the countries. To further develop the rice industry, Pakistan needs strategies like increasing exports, expanding production capacity, improving quality control and attracting more foreign investment.
The document discusses patentable subject matter under 35 USC §101. It provides an overview of the categories of invention that can be patented (processes, machines, manufactures and compositions of matter). It also discusses exceptions for laws of nature, natural phenomena and abstract ideas. The document summarizes the Bilski v. Kappos Supreme Court case which involved a method for hedging risk in commodities trading, and established that the machine-or-transformation test is not the sole test for determining patent eligibility.
This document provides a brief overview of US utility patent law and the patenting process. It discusses the different types of patents including design, plant, and utility patents. It describes the basic patenting timeline including filing a provisional or non-provisional patent application and undergoing examination. Key concepts like patentability requirements of utility, novelty, and non-obviousness are introduced. Cost estimates and strategies for obtaining and enforcing a patent are also summarized.
Get your quality homework help now and stand out.Our professional writers are committed to excellence. We have trained the best scholars in different fields of study.Contact us now at http://www.premiumessays.net/ and place your order at affordable price done within set deadlines.We always have someone online ready to answer all your queries and take your requests.
Software & Patenting: IP Outside Your Comfort ZoneBen Hoyle
A presentation given as a CIPA Webinar on 25 February 2014.
Provides an introduction to software as it relates to patenting and an overview of current practice in UK and Europe. Details of relevant legislation and case law are provided, together with some tips for drafting.
Provided according to the terms set out here: http://www.eip.com/legal.php - i.e. does not constitute legal advice and should be taken as guidance.
leveraging Geographical Indications in Tamil NaduIP Dome
1) The document discusses strategies for strengthening geographical indications (GI) initiatives for selected crafts through registration and authorized use.
2) It outlines benefits of GI registration such as exclusive rights for 10 years and requirements for labeling of GI products.
3) Examples are provided of how adding value through rural development groups and quality consortiums as well as developing local brands can make GI products more profitable.
1) Third party preissuance submissions allow third parties to submit prior art for consideration during patent examination.
2) They provide advantages such as avoiding litigation, commenting on prior art with a lower burden of proof than litigation, and anonymity. However, they also carry risks such as strengthening the patent if unsuccessful.
3) To make a submission, the third party identifies relevant prior art like patents, publications, and other printed works, and provides a concise description of relevance on Form PTO/SB/429 before certain deadlines during examination. The submission is limited without active participation in prosecution.
Lincoln had a legal career in Illinois, practicing with various partners from 1836 until he became president in 1861. He handled over 5,000 cases, and intended to continue practicing law after leaving office. In 1850 notes for a law lecture, Lincoln emphasized the importance of diligence, public speaking, discouraging litigation, reasonable fees, and absolute honesty for lawyers. He established a reputation of honesty that earned him the nickname "Honest Abe."
The document summarizes notable patents from Northwest Ohio over time. It discusses early patents from the late 1800s and early 1900s related to chewing gum, paper milk bottles, vehicle designs, scales, and spark plugs. It then provides a sampling of more recent patents from Northwest Ohio companies and institutions related to glass fiber production, measuring tapes, tires, windows, welding methods, rain sensors, caskets, plasma displays, elevators, solar cells, electrical boxes, cancer treatment devices, material coatings detection, and temperature controlled magnetic rollers. The document was presented by a patent attorney from the region to provide an overview of innovation in Northwest Ohio.
The document discusses the role and application of European Union law by the Unified Patent Court (UPC). Key points include:
- The UPC will apply EU law first in its entirety and respect its primacy over other laws. It must cooperate with the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and refer questions to ensure correct application of EU law.
- The UPC will apply substantive laws in the following order: EU law, UPC Agreement, European Patent Convention, international agreements, and national laws of contracting states.
- The UPC judgments will be recognized in EU member states under the Brussels I Regulation. However, recognition can be refused if manifestly contrary to public policy.
- The
Patent 10 minutes: Record-keeping for patent applicationPatSnap
This series of guide is specially catered for start-ups which would like to move forward with BIG ideas. With this compendium, we hope to rev up your IP knowledge in just 10 minutes. Each Patent 10 minutes guide consists of 10 slides - one brand new topic every week. Check out facebook.com/patsnap.
- A US patent grants the patent holder the exclusive right to make, use, sell or import an invention for 20 years from the date the patent application was filed. Infringement occurs when an unauthorized party practices the patented invention without permission.
- There are exceptions to infringement for research or experimental use, as well as uses reasonably related to developing information for FDA approval of drugs or medical devices.
- Common defenses to infringement claims include invalidity of the patent, inequitable conduct during patent prosecution, or improper inventorship. Remedies for infringement include injunctions and damages such as lost profits or reasonable royalties.
Training slides for a PCAARRD-organized training on Invention Spotting, Patent Search, Documentation and Interpretation, 18 December 2012. Special thanks to fellow Patent Agent Mr. Noel A. Catibog, Dr. Melvin B. Carlos, and Exec. Director Patricio S. Faylon, for the invitation.
This is a presentation during the First International Workshop on Bioethics and Ethical Aspects of Biosafety sponsored by the National Centre of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran, 22 November 2011. This is an attempt of the author to specialize further on intellectual property rights, specifically on the intertwine of patents and bioethics. Since the author is an agricultural researcher in the past and currently a practicing patent agent, this piece is considered as one of his most interesting works so far.
Fundamentals of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs): Perspectives for an Acad...Caezar Angelito E Arceo
Lecture during the 9th Martin M. Posadas Memorial Research Forum held at the Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation, San Carlos City, Pangasinan, Philippines, on 23 February 2012. The audience was composed of professors, university researchers, and students. Some university models were also presented.
Rice (Oryza sativa L. 2n = 2x = 24) is a staple food for over half of the world's populationproviding 43% of calorie. Rice yield has experienced many fold jumps since the 1950s. This happened primarily as the result of genetic improvement and increasing harvest index by reducing plant height using the semi-dwarf genes and utilization of heterosis by producing hybrids. Heterosis is the improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring. An offspring exhibits heterosis if its traits are enhanced as a result of mixing the genetic contributions of its parents. Genetic basis of heterosis included overdominance, dominance, and additive effects.
This document discusses a line of male characters that were suppressed and fertile but small and tall. The advantages included yield and resistance while the disadvantages included a reduction of yield during the F2 generation and high cost.
This document discusses hybrid varieties of plants. It begins by explaining that plant breeding is used to produce desired traits in plants. Hybrids are commonly produced because they have desirable traits not found in parent plants. Some examples of hybrid animals and plants are then given. The rest of the document discusses characteristics and examples of hybridized plants, including higher resistance, yield and productivity. Specific hybrid varieties of crops like rice, chili, brinjal, tomato, rubber, cucumber, pea and coconut are outlined. In conclusion, hybrid plants provide benefits like increased yields and productivity compared to traditional varieties.
The document provides guidelines for growing hybrid rice, including selecting high-quality seed varieties, soil testing, land preparation, seedbed preparation, transplanting seedlings, fertilizer application, irrigation, weed control, pest management, disease prevention, and harvesting. The presentation aims to help farmers maximize yield through proper cultivation techniques for hybrid rice.
Agriculture is an important sector for Pakistan's economy, contributing approximately 24% to GDP and employing over 40% of the labor force. The major crops grown in Pakistan are wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, and maize. Pakistan has the 5th largest livestock population in the world, including buffalo, cattle, goats, sheep, and poultry. Agriculture provides food security, employment, foreign exchange earnings, and reduces poverty and inflation in Pakistan. However, the sector remains underdeveloped and more government support is needed for its improvement.
Hybrid seed technology involves crossing two pure parental lines that have desirable traits to produce hybrid seeds that exhibit superior traits compared to the parents. It requires developing inbred lines, identifying suitable parental lines, and developing systems for pollen control. Major challenges include maintaining parental lines and separating male and female reproductive organs. Hybrid seeds allow for higher yields than open pollinated varieties and can be produced economically at large scale. Male sterility techniques like cytoplasmic male sterility are important for facilitating hybrid seed production in self-pollinating crops.
Rice is a major industry and export in Pakistan. It is the 4th largest rice producer globally and rice exports earn 13% of Pakistan's foreign exchange. Punjab and Sindh are the top rice producing provinces. While production has increased in recent years, post-harvest losses remain high. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor aims to boost trade and investment, including for the rice sector, by improving infrastructure connectivity between the countries. To further develop the rice industry, Pakistan needs strategies like increasing exports, expanding production capacity, improving quality control and attracting more foreign investment.
The document discusses patentable subject matter under 35 USC §101. It provides an overview of the categories of invention that can be patented (processes, machines, manufactures and compositions of matter). It also discusses exceptions for laws of nature, natural phenomena and abstract ideas. The document summarizes the Bilski v. Kappos Supreme Court case which involved a method for hedging risk in commodities trading, and established that the machine-or-transformation test is not the sole test for determining patent eligibility.
This document provides a brief overview of US utility patent law and the patenting process. It discusses the different types of patents including design, plant, and utility patents. It describes the basic patenting timeline including filing a provisional or non-provisional patent application and undergoing examination. Key concepts like patentability requirements of utility, novelty, and non-obviousness are introduced. Cost estimates and strategies for obtaining and enforcing a patent are also summarized.
Get your quality homework help now and stand out.Our professional writers are committed to excellence. We have trained the best scholars in different fields of study.Contact us now at http://www.premiumessays.net/ and place your order at affordable price done within set deadlines.We always have someone online ready to answer all your queries and take your requests.
Software & Patenting: IP Outside Your Comfort ZoneBen Hoyle
A presentation given as a CIPA Webinar on 25 February 2014.
Provides an introduction to software as it relates to patenting and an overview of current practice in UK and Europe. Details of relevant legislation and case law are provided, together with some tips for drafting.
Provided according to the terms set out here: http://www.eip.com/legal.php - i.e. does not constitute legal advice and should be taken as guidance.
leveraging Geographical Indications in Tamil NaduIP Dome
1) The document discusses strategies for strengthening geographical indications (GI) initiatives for selected crafts through registration and authorized use.
2) It outlines benefits of GI registration such as exclusive rights for 10 years and requirements for labeling of GI products.
3) Examples are provided of how adding value through rural development groups and quality consortiums as well as developing local brands can make GI products more profitable.
1) Third party preissuance submissions allow third parties to submit prior art for consideration during patent examination.
2) They provide advantages such as avoiding litigation, commenting on prior art with a lower burden of proof than litigation, and anonymity. However, they also carry risks such as strengthening the patent if unsuccessful.
3) To make a submission, the third party identifies relevant prior art like patents, publications, and other printed works, and provides a concise description of relevance on Form PTO/SB/429 before certain deadlines during examination. The submission is limited without active participation in prosecution.
Lincoln had a legal career in Illinois, practicing with various partners from 1836 until he became president in 1861. He handled over 5,000 cases, and intended to continue practicing law after leaving office. In 1850 notes for a law lecture, Lincoln emphasized the importance of diligence, public speaking, discouraging litigation, reasonable fees, and absolute honesty for lawyers. He established a reputation of honesty that earned him the nickname "Honest Abe."
The document summarizes notable patents from Northwest Ohio over time. It discusses early patents from the late 1800s and early 1900s related to chewing gum, paper milk bottles, vehicle designs, scales, and spark plugs. It then provides a sampling of more recent patents from Northwest Ohio companies and institutions related to glass fiber production, measuring tapes, tires, windows, welding methods, rain sensors, caskets, plasma displays, elevators, solar cells, electrical boxes, cancer treatment devices, material coatings detection, and temperature controlled magnetic rollers. The document was presented by a patent attorney from the region to provide an overview of innovation in Northwest Ohio.
The document discusses the role and application of European Union law by the Unified Patent Court (UPC). Key points include:
- The UPC will apply EU law first in its entirety and respect its primacy over other laws. It must cooperate with the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) and refer questions to ensure correct application of EU law.
- The UPC will apply substantive laws in the following order: EU law, UPC Agreement, European Patent Convention, international agreements, and national laws of contracting states.
- The UPC judgments will be recognized in EU member states under the Brussels I Regulation. However, recognition can be refused if manifestly contrary to public policy.
- The
Patent 10 minutes: Record-keeping for patent applicationPatSnap
This series of guide is specially catered for start-ups which would like to move forward with BIG ideas. With this compendium, we hope to rev up your IP knowledge in just 10 minutes. Each Patent 10 minutes guide consists of 10 slides - one brand new topic every week. Check out facebook.com/patsnap.
- A US patent grants the patent holder the exclusive right to make, use, sell or import an invention for 20 years from the date the patent application was filed. Infringement occurs when an unauthorized party practices the patented invention without permission.
- There are exceptions to infringement for research or experimental use, as well as uses reasonably related to developing information for FDA approval of drugs or medical devices.
- Common defenses to infringement claims include invalidity of the patent, inequitable conduct during patent prosecution, or improper inventorship. Remedies for infringement include injunctions and damages such as lost profits or reasonable royalties.
Training slides for a PCAARRD-organized training on Invention Spotting, Patent Search, Documentation and Interpretation, 18 December 2012. Special thanks to fellow Patent Agent Mr. Noel A. Catibog, Dr. Melvin B. Carlos, and Exec. Director Patricio S. Faylon, for the invitation.
This is a presentation during the First International Workshop on Bioethics and Ethical Aspects of Biosafety sponsored by the National Centre of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran, 22 November 2011. This is an attempt of the author to specialize further on intellectual property rights, specifically on the intertwine of patents and bioethics. Since the author is an agricultural researcher in the past and currently a practicing patent agent, this piece is considered as one of his most interesting works so far.
Fundamentals of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs): Perspectives for an Acad...Caezar Angelito E Arceo
Lecture during the 9th Martin M. Posadas Memorial Research Forum held at the Virgen Milagrosa University Foundation, San Carlos City, Pangasinan, Philippines, on 23 February 2012. The audience was composed of professors, university researchers, and students. Some university models were also presented.
Training slides for a PCAARRD-organized training on Invention Spotting, Patent Search, Documentation and Interpretation, 18 December 2012. Special thanks to fellow Patent Agent Mr. Noel A. Catibog, Dr. Melvin B. Carlos, and Exec. Director Patricio S. Faylon, for the invitation.
The document discusses the patent document, its form and substance. It begins with a review of patenting concepts such as the definition of a patent, reasons for patenting, and patentability requirements. It then discusses the typical parts of a patent document, including the title, abstract, claims, specifications, and drawings [SECTION 2]. The document explains how to construct a patent document and stresses the importance of a clear disclosure of the invention. Finally, it discusses how to exploit patent document information to learn about the inventor's goals for protection, competitors, markets, and more [SECTION 3].
Workshop for the Intellectual Property Department of the Sapalo Velez Bundang & Bulilan Law Offices, Marikina East Lake View Farm (MELF) Morong, Rizal (Philippines), 13 January 2012
Training cum Write-Shop on Technology Disclosures and Claim Drafting, Organized by the Philippine Council for Agriculture and Forestry Research and Development Council (PCARRD) for selected NARRDN Researchers, BPK, PCARRD, Los Baños, Laguna, 30-31 August 2007
Intellectual Property Management Training Cum Writeshop on Technology Disclosure and Claim Drafting, Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic, and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCAARRD), Bulwagang Panday Karunungan, PCAARRD, Los Baños, Laguna (Philippines), 30 August 2012
Training on Intellectual Property Rights, Biotech-IPR Training Center,
Philippine Rice Research Institute, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines, 24-25 November 2005
This very short document appears to be a test that contains a single word "This" followed by the sentence "is a test." and includes a date "2011.12.08" but no other context or information.
Some Current Philippine Rice Production Technology and Constraints: Opportunities for Academe-Based Filipino-Korean Research and Development Initiatives
1.
2. A Country Report for the
Rice Production Technology for ASEAN Countries
International Technical Cooperation Center
Rural Development Administration
Suwon City, South Korea
29 July 2003
3. a. Self-Introduction
1. Brief introduction of the organization
2. Position and duties in the
organization
3. Expected outcomes for this training
course
b. Information regarding the project that you
take part
1. Introduction of the project
2. Target of the development
3. Major feature/achievement
4. Urgent problems that need to be
solved in the country
Caezar Angelito E. Arceo
Faculty Researcher
Pangasinan State University
PHILIPPINES
4. Caezar Angelito E. Arceo
Faculty Researcher
Pangasinan State University
PHILIPPINES
5. SOME CURRENT PHILIPPINE RICE PRODUCTION
TECHNOLOGY AND CONSTRAINTS
Opportunities for Academe-based
Filipino-Korean research and
development initiatives
Caezar Angelito E. Arceo
Faculty Researcher
Pangasinan State University
PHILIPPINES
6. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
It’s a tiny world…
Where we are…
7. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
The geography
Lies in the heart of
Southeast Asia
With 7,107 islands
Terrain mostly
mountainous
The Philippine setting
8. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
The geography
“It’s unique location made it
the commercial, cultural,
and intellectual hub of Asia
from the dawn of history.”
www.gov.ph/aboutphil/default.asp
The Philippine setting
9. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
People and the society
Population was 76,504,077 (May 2000 figure).
Population increase is 2.36%, or three persons
per minute.
Projected population is 113 million in year
2020.
Distribution is uneven, with some 500 people
per square mile on the average.
The Philippine setting
10. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
People and the society
Central development issue is poverty.
One of the most highly educated in the
developing world.
Philippines among the top immigrants to the
United States.
The Philippine setting
11. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
People and the society
The largest province is Pangasinan.
Annual growth rate
of 2.40%.
Average household
size of 5.09.
The Philippine setting
12. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
Latest Preceding Year to Same Quarter
I. REAL SECTOR (% growth)
Quarter Quarter Date Year Ago
A. National Income (% g.r.) (NSCB)
GNP 5.6 (Q1 '03) 7.8 (Q4 '02) 5.6 (Q1 '03) 4.3 (Q1 '02)
GDP 4.5 5.8 4.5 3.8
Agriculture 2.9 6.0 2.9 4.8
Industry 4.0 4.8 4.0 2.1
Services 5.6 6.4 5.6 4.8
As of 16 July 2003
The Philippine setting
13. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
IV. PRICES (% ) Latest Preceding Year to Same Month
Month Month Date Year Ago
A. Inflation Rate (%) (NSO) 3.4 (Jun '03) 2.7 (May '03) 2.9 3.0 (Jun '02)
Food 2.9 1.8 2.0 1.6
Non-Food 4.1 3.7 4.0 4.1
Metro Manila 4.5 2.5 3.3 3.7
AOMM 3.0 2.9 2.8 1.9
B. Lending Rate (Low, %) 8.3 (May '03) 10.0 (Apr '03) 8.3 8.2 (May '02)
C. BSP Overnight Borrowing Rates 6.75 (Jul '03) 7.0 (Jun '03) 6.75 7.0 (Jul '02)
D. BSP Overnight Lending Rates 9.00 (Jul '03) 9.25 (Jun '03) 9.00 9.0 (Jul '02)
Latest Preceding Year to Same Week
Week Week Date Month Ago
E. 91-Day T-Bill Rate (%) 5.33 (7 Jul '03) 5.498 (23 Jun '03) 6.196 5.666 (9 Jun '03)
F. Forex (Average, P:$1) 53.479 (16 July '03) 53.391 (9 Jul '03) 53.477 53.504 (20 Jun '03)
G. Phisix 1,270.9 (16 July '03) 1,283.4 (9 Jul '03) 1,100.9 1,243.1 (20 Jun '03)
As of 16 July 2003
The Philippine setting
14. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
As of 16 July 2003
The Philippine setting
15. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
V. EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS (BSP) Latest Preceding Year to Same Month
Month Month Date Year Ago
A. Exports (% g.r.) -4.0 (May '03) -1.9 (Apr '03) 1.7 -0.7 (May '02)
/a
- Electronics & Components /
/b
Electronic Products (% g.r.) -12.9 (May '03) -2.2 (Apr '03) -3.5 19.8 (May '02)
B. Imports (% g.r.) 12.2 (May '03) -7.6 (Apr '03) 13.4 9.9 (May '02)
- Raw materials & intermediate goods (% g. r.) -4.1 -12.6 4.2 -1.8
- Capital goods (% g. r.) 22.0 -5.3 16.6 29.1
C. Current Account ($ M) -117 (Mar '03) 232 (Feb '03) 338 130 (Mar '02)
D. Capital & Financial Accounts ($ M) 4 (Mar '03) -256 (Feb '03) -312 2,603 (Mar '02)
- Direct Investments ($ M), net -38 -23 -51 600
E. Balance of Payments ($ M) -163 (Jun '03) -15 (May '03) -697 -160 (Jun '02)
F. Gross International Reserves ($ M) 15,867 (Jun '03) 16,073 (May '03) 15,867 16,909 (Jun '02)
- Months' worth of imports 4.4 4.4 4.4 5.2
G. Total External Debt ($ M) 55,806 (Q1 '03) 53,874 (Q4 '02) 55,806 53,459 (Q1 '02)
- of which: Total Short Term 49,383 5,558 49,383 5,585
Total Private Sector 14,977 14,977 14,977 15,644
As of 16 July 2003
The Philippine setting
16. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
VI. NG CASH OPERATIONS (BTr) Latest Preceding Year to Same Month
(P billion) * Month Month Date Year Ago
A. Revenues (PB) 49.0 (Jun '03) 54.9 (May '03) 306.3 42.7 (Jun '02)
Tax 41.9 45.6 265.2 36.8
Non-tax 7.1 9.3 41.1 5.9
B. Expenditures (PB) 53.2 64.8 385.9 54.9
C. Surplus(+) / Deficit(-) ( PB) -4.2 -9.9 -79.6 -12.2
D. Net Foreign Financing(PB) -5.0 -3.9 45.9 -4.7
/c
E. Net Domestic Financing(PB) 10.7 0.8 27.3 45.1
F. Cash Build-up(-)/ Withdrawal (+)(PB) -1.5 13.1 6.4 -28.3
As of 16 July 2003
The Philippine setting
17. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
Inflation rate slows down to 2.7%
(May 2003).
GNP growth is 7.2%.
The Philippine setting
18. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
600000 Australia
Bangladesh
Brunei
500000
China
Hongkong
Indonesia
400000
Japan
Laos
300000 Malaysia
Myanmar
North Korea
200000 Pakistan
Philippines
Singapore
100000
South Korea
Thailand
0 United States
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Vietnam
Agricultural land use of selected countries
The Philippine setting
19. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
50000000 Australia
Bangladesh
45000000
Brunei
40000000 China
Hongkong
35000000 India
Indonesia
30000000
Japan
25000000 Laos
Malaysia
20000000
Myanmar
15000000 North Korea
Pakistan
10000000 Philippines
South Korea
5000000
Thailand
0 United States
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Vietnam
Area harvested for rice in selected countries
The Philippine setting
20. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
250000000
Australia
Bangladesh
Brunei
200000000 China
Hongkong
India
Indonesia
150000000
Japan
Laos
Malaysia
100000000 Myanmar
North Korea
Philippines
50000000 Singapore
South Korea
Thailand
United States
0
Vietnam
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Rice production (metric ton) of selected countries
The Philippine setting
21. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
300000 Australia
Bangladesh
Brunei
250000
China
India
200000 Indonesia
Japan
Laos
150000
Malaysia
Myanmar
100000 North Korea
Pakistan
Philippines
50000
South Korea
Thailand
0 United States
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Vietnam
Rice yield (kg/ha) of selected countries
The Philippine setting
22. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
>> Principal farm products
rice (Oryza sativa)
maize (Zea mays)
coconut (Cocos nucifera)
sugar (Saccharum officinarum)
abaca or Manila hemp (Musa textilis)
tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)
maguey (Agave sisalina)
pineapple (Ananas comosus)
The Philippine setting
25. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
>> Vegetables and root crops
mungbean (Vigna radiata)
yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata ssp.
sesquipedalis)
cowpea (Vigna unguiculata ssp. unguiculata)
tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum)
eggplant (Solanum melongena)
Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis)
cabbage (Brassica oleracea ssp. capitata)
The Philippine setting
26. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Economy and agriculture
>> Vegetables and root crops
mustard (Brassica juncea)
lettuce (Lactuca sativa)
sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum)
pea (Pisum sativum)
sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas)
sugar beets (Beta vulgaris)
cassava (Manihot esculenta)
squash (Cucurbita moschata)
The Philippine setting
27. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Main cropping constraints
Typhoons
Problem soils
Pests and diseases
Degradation of irrigation
infrastructures
Unfavorable pricing policy
Devolution of extension services
Lack of clear rice development policy
Current production status
28. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Varietal use and development
Rice varieties developed by
the IRRI, PhilRice, and UP-
Los Baños.
Some varieties also
developed by private sector.
Varieties approved for
release by the National Seed
Industry Council.
Current production status
29. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Varietal use and development
Top ten provinces in
total rice production
Current production status
30. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Varietal use and development
Top ten provinces in
total area harvested
for rice
Current production status
31. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Varietal use and development
Top ten provinces in
average rice yield
Current production status
32. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Hybrid rice commercialization
Hybrid rice offers 15-20% yield
advantage over the best inbred variety.
Use of the variety is limited to the F1
to realize “hybrid vigor” (heterosis).
Current production status
33. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Hybrid rice commercialization
Three hybrid rice varieties were
initially released: PSB Rc26H
(Magat), PSB Rc72H (Mestizo), and
PSB Rc76H (Panay).
Recent releases: NSIC Rc114H
(locally named Mestizo 2) andNSIC
Rc116H (Mestizo 3)
Mestizo most popular hybrid rice
variety.
Current production status
34. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Hybrid rice commercialization
Seed production and F1 cultivation
refined and presently disseminated.
Method recommended by Virmani
used as basis for hybrid rice
technologies.
Current production status
35. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Hybrid rice commercialization
Traditional variety earnings =
US$190.48 ~ US$285.71 per season
Hybrid rice earnings =
US$666.67 ~ US$809.05 per season
Current production status
36. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Policy imperatives and trends
11 provinces as pilot hybrid rice
cultivation areas in 1998.
In 2002, PhilRice was tasked to lead
the hybrid rice commercialization
program (HRCP) in the country
(Executive Order No. 76).
Became the flagship program of
Unlad-Ani under the Office of the
Million Jobs.
Current production status
37. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Policy imperatives and trends
Initially, HRCP will cover 45,000
hectares in 56 provinces
300,000 hectares are expected to be
planted with hybrid rice by 2004 dry
season.
Current production status
38. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Farmers’ cognitive blocks
Lack of proper knowledge of the
farmers in basic theories and concepts
in rice production.
Such as inability to distinguish insects
and arachnids.
Less application of the Integrated Pest
Management (IPM) concepts.
Others.
Socio-cultural prisms
39. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Race against GMOs
Majority of the Filipinos hate GMOs.
Socio-cultural prisms
40. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
The SUCs
All state universities
and colleges are under
the Commission on
Higher Education
(R.A. 7722).
Outlooks for collaborations
41. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
The SUCs
Total faculty for AY
2000-01 is 93,884.
7,777 or 8.25% have doctorate degrees.
24,538 or 26.14% have master’s degrees.
54,863 or 58.44 percent have baccalaureate
degrees.
6,706 or 7.14% belong to other levels.
Outlooks for collaborations
42. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Thrusts
CHED Memorandum Order No. 25
series of 1998.
CHED Memorandum Order No. 8
series of 2000.
Section 69 of the Republic Act 8435,
otherwise known as the Agriculture
and Fisheries Modernization Act.
Outlooks for collaborations
43. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Mandates for int’l linkages
CHED Memorandum Order No. 01
series of 2000.
CHED Memorandum Order No. 14
series of 2002.
Section 77 of the Republic Act 8435,
otherwise known as the Agriculture
and Fisheries Modernization Act.
Outlooks for collaborations
44. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
About the PSU
Pangasinan State University: A
government university.
Chartered through the issuance of
Presidential Decree No. 1479.
Became operational on 01 July 1979.
Currently has eight (8) campuses.
Outlooks for collaborations
45. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Lessons to be learned
Korea’s strong economic policy and
performance.
Strong emphasis to agricultural
development.
Saemaul Undong story.
Korea National Agricultural College.
Opportunities at hand
46. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Some ambitious pursuits
Academe-based bilateral
collaborations with South Korean
research and academic institutions.
KNAC and the Filipino SUCs.
Research prospects of the presentor.
Opportunities at hand
47. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Some ambitious pursuits
Adaptation of Korean varieties in the Philippines
Korean
Varieties
Opportunities at hand
48. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
Our humble proposals…
ITCC and RDA postcards.
Orientation for new trainees
especially on facility use in ITCC and
time schedule on activities.
Please continue your programs for
developing countries.
49. Caezar AE. Arceo
Pangasinan State University
Philippines
…
Maraming salamat po…
50. A Country Report for the
Rice Production Technology for ASEAN Countries
International Technical Cooperation Center
Rural Development Administration
Suwon City, South Korea
29 July 2003