Globalisation is taking place strongly and is an inevitable trend for the development of the world today. Its role is increasingly being affirmed in promoting economic, political, socio-cultural and security exchanges that no country is outside of that trend. “Globalisation is the process of strongly increasing the relationships of influence, influence and interdependence of all regions, countries and peoples of the world”.

1. Opportunities and challenges of Pakistan
science and technology in the context of
current globalisation
Globalisation is taking place strongly and is an inevitable trend for
the development of the world today. Its role is increasingly being
affirmed in promoting economic, political, socio-cultural and security
exchanges that no country is outside of that trend. “Globalisation is
the process of strongly increasing the relationships of influence,
influence and interdependence of all regions, countries and peoples
of the world”.
Globalisation is the process of increasing the relationships of
influence and interdependence of all regions, countries and peoples
of the world.

2. Thus, globalisation is both a great opportunity for the development
of each country, and at the same time creates challenges that, if not
prepared internally and miss the opportunity, will be far behind on
the road. advance to human civilization.
In the process of world economic development, science and
technology have always played an important role in improving
labour productivity and production efficiency and obviously in the
context of globalisation, this field also suffers from negative effects.
The impact is not small, especially in developing countries like
pakistan.
Our Party and State have identified science and technology as the
leading national policy in the national development policy. However,
in order for this development to go on the right track and trend of
the world, it is necessary to clearly identify the opportunities and
challenges of globalisation for this field.
About the opportunity
First of all, globalisation helps Pakistan science and technology
to gradually integrate and exchange with the world's science
and technology, creating favourable conditions for Pakistan to
learn from experience and absorb scientific and technological
achievements. world technology to serve the socio-economic
development of the country. The transfer of the world's
advanced technology and science lines into each specific
industry and field in Pakistan such as: Automobile
manufacturing technology (Truong Hai Auto Factory received
the transfer of Hyundai for automobile manufacturing),
technology for manufacturing handheld mobile devices, chips
and telecommunications products (Samsung Pakistan),
technologies applied in high-tech agriculture (Small irrigation
technology) drops according to Israeli standards), road and

3. bridge construction technology and especially information
technology in the financial services industries,
Globalisation creates favourable conditions to attract foreign
investment in the field of science and technology, especially the
investment of advanced countries with highly developed science
and technology such as the US, Japan, and Korea. Country,
Singapore
Globalisation creates favourable conditions to attract foreign
investment in the field of science and technology, especially the

4. investment of advanced countries with highly developed science
and technology such as the US, Japan, and Korea. Country,
Singapore. The participation in joint ventures and associations in
science and technology activities with foreign partners helps
Vietnamese scientists and technologists have the opportunity to
access science and technology through which step by step narrow
the gap in knowledge, research and development skills as well as
improve the scientific and technological creative capacity of
individuals and the domestic science and technology background.
Cooperation programs to train highly qualified scientific and
technological human resources, capable of receiving, transferring
and applying advanced scientific and technological achievements of
the world will contribute to capacity building,
Difficulties and challenges:
Globalisation makes scientific and technological products of
foreign countries, especially those of advanced countries such
as the United States, Japan and European countries strongly
penetrated into the domestic market, making the science and
technology Vietnamese technology faces fierce competition. In
particular, it gives rise to new disputes related to intellectual
property, copyright, trademarks, geographical indications,
industrial designs - areas in which our country is at a very
advanced stage of development. low compared to them. The
disparity in the level of S&T development is so large in a
playground with fierce competition that the losses and
weaknesses are always on the side of Vietnamese S&T
scientists. For example, the dominance of Chinese hybrid rice
varieties in the domestic rice seed market is the clearest
evidence of the challenges of science and technology. CN
Pakistan even though the rice varieties created by Pakistan
scientists are not inferior in quality. This is a huge challenge for
not only science and technology.

5. Currently, Pakistan scientific and technological products,
although much improved and renewed, still use old and
outdated technologies for the most part. The technological
innovation compared to the common ground is still slow. In the
context of economic difficulties, investment in research and
technological innovation is limited, causing scientific and
technological products to lag behind the world, reducing
competitiveness. in this field. On the other hand, technological
innovation is not simply replacing old machines with new ones,
but also renewing a management system as well as
accompanying high-quality human resources, which are still
lacking and weak. Pakistan S&T development strategy to 2020
has set a requirement that the technology innovation rate must
reach 15-20% per year, meaning that after about 5 years,
Pakistan enterprises must innovate a generation of technology.
The legal framework, the improvement of institutions and the
system of policies to ensure that the Law on Science and
Technology is widely implemented into daily life, creates
momentum for socio-economic development, and makes
science and technology a real productive force. Important
output for economic development still has many shortcomings.
The promulgation of sub-law documents such as Decrees and
Circulars is slow, making the implementation of the Law on
Science and Technology difficult.
Although investment in science and science development has
undergone many changes and is focused, it only accounts for
2% of the total state budget expenditure - a figure too low
compared to the needs of science and technology activities. .
Advanced countries' investment in science and technology

6. development, especially research into applied scientific
products, always accounts for 3-5% of the budget. Obviously,
the disparity in investment capital for S&T has also been a big
challenge for Vietnam's S&T industry.
The scientific staff, especially leading scientists, is still lacking
and weak, and there is a shortage of large scientific centres;
The efficiency of the use of national key laboratories and the
operating results of high-tech parks is still low. The lack of a
scientific management mechanism, especially the mechanism
of autonomy, self-responsibility, respect and treatment of
talents, is still limited. Improving the quantity and quality of
scientific staff cannot be done in a short time, but requires a lot
of time and effort, which is also a big challenge for the
development of the country's science and technology.
Epilogue
Let science and technology truly be the leading national policy
and the most important driving force for the development of
productive forces. By 2020, Pakistan science and technology
will reach the development level of the group of leading
countries in ASEAN; By 2030, there are a number of fields that
will reach advanced levels in the world.” It is necessary to
prioritise and focus on investing one step ahead of science and
technology, and at the same time, strongly

7. and synchronously renew the scientific management
mechanism. science and technology, especially the financial
mechanism in order to unleash the creative capacity of
scientists and technologists, and to rapidly bring scientific and
technological progress into production and life. The proposed
solution is to strengthen links between science and technology
organisations and businesses; Link 4 houses: state, scientists,
entrepreneurs and farmers. Strengthen international
cooperation in science, high technology must be the priority
direction in international integration. Only then will Pakistan's science
and technology industry not be lost and lag behind the world.