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Oplæg italienere 22 11-2010
1. Copenhagen Climate Plan
Carbon Neutral by 2025
Hanne Christensen
Environmental Department, Technical and Environmental Administration
City of Copenhagen
2. Copenhagen Climate Plan
• Approved by the City Council in August 2009
• 50 initiatives in 6 focus areas
2025 Carbon Neutral Copenhagen2015 20 % CO2-reduktion
•Reduction of 20% CO2 from 1990-2005
•BNP has increased by app. 66% in the same period
3. CO2-emissions 2005
• 20% reduktion equals a reduction from app. 2.500.000 tons to
2.000.000 tons CO2
5. Energy production in Copenhagen
• District heating system since 1915
• 98% of households connected
• Combined Heat and Power Plants (CHP)
• Waste management systems (Amagerforbrænding)
• Wind turbines on the Middelgrund
6. Energy supply initiatives towards 2015
Biomass:
• Converting existing coal CHP to biomass
• Preparing a new biomass based CHP
Other renewable energy sources:
• Wind turbines – in Copenhagen and outside
• Geothermal heat – expansion of existing plant
Energy efficiency:
• Efficiency at incineration plants
• Lower temperature in the district heating system
• District cooling systems based on surplus heat
• Converting steam to water in the district heating system
7. Towards carbon neutral Energy supply 2025
Energy supply
• More renewable energy
Integrated energy system
• Fluctuating energy sources
• Heat and electricity storage
Waste
• Eliminate the fossil content in
waste
Energy demand
• Energy savings
• Energy efficiency
• Retrofitting of buildings
Urban development
• Low Energy buildings
8. Renewable energy
sources
Biomass
• Profitable due to national subsidies and taxes
• Higher prices – demands in Europe
• Sustainable criteria
Wind turbines
• Wind turbines onshore and offshore
Geothermal heat:
• 2-3 new plants in Copenhagen
Local energy production:
• Solar power and heat
• New technology
9. Waste incineration
• Production of more electricity and heat when needed
• Content of plastic causes carbon emissions
• Recycling of plastic possible – some fractions
• Actions needed
• Separation - households etc.
• Sorting at the plant
• Other materials
10. Integrated and intelligent
energy systems 2025
Possible solutions:
• Electricity storage as hydrogen or
batteries
• Collection of heat du to conversion loss
• Transformation of power in to heat through
heat pumps
• Storage of fuel eg. waste and biomass
• Seasonal storage of heat
• Intelligent management of electricity
demand
• etc.
Energy sources Energy transformation Energy demand
Heat supply
Hydrogen
11. Thank you for your attention
More information:
www.kk.dk/climate and www.kk.dk/english
Energy supply is responsible for 75% of the reduction
25 % CO2 reduktion 1990 - 2005
Background information and characteristics about the energy system
Far the biggest part of the reduction until 2015 comes from changing to biomass at the CHP
Heating with geothermal energy is increased six-fold by expanding the demonstration geothermal facility at Margretheholm.
Eksisterende anlæg på Amager:
•73 °C fra 2,6 km’s dybde •27 MW varme (14 MW fra undergrund, 13 MW fra drivvarme) •218 mio. kr. •Produktion 2008: 200 TJ
Udfordringerne for et kommende anlæg:
•Tilstedeværelse af varme •Stor anlægsinvestering •Tilgængelighed til drivvarme (damp) •Varmebehov (grundlast)
Heating efficiency is improved at waste incineration plants by introducing flue gas condensation units.
The district heating network is modernized to reduce heat losses from the pipes.
Get back to:
Renewable energy sources and biomass
Waste
Integrated energy system
Waste:
Eliminate or reduce the fossil content in waste
Sorting out plastic user and at the plant
Energy demand:
Future energy demand
Energy-efficiency and retrofitting of buildings:
Insulation of outer walls and roofs as well as replacement of windows and doors
Renovation of technical installations
Replacement of light fittings and installation of light sensors
Local energy production
Education of operational staff
Integrated energy system: even out the electricity consumption, intelligent charge stands,
Urban development: do the house leve op to the standards
Sustainable criteria
Guarantee of Origin
Energy efficiency
Standard CO2 balance (GHG balance)
Indirect Land Use Change - not biomass from carbon-banks
Eksisterende anlæg på Amager:
73 °C fra 2,6 km’s dybde
27 MW varme (14 MW fra undergrund, 13 MW fra drivvarme)
218 mio. kr.
Produktion 2008: 200 TJ
Udfordringerne for et kommende anlæg:
Tilgængelighed af varme i undergrunden
Stor anlægsinvestering
Tilgængelighed til drivvarme (damp)
Varmebehov (grundlast)
Local energy production:
In general lack of ground area has to be incorporated in buildings
Solar panals on the exixting and new buildings. KBH Citys own buildings, make it easier for citizens to invest. No subsidies as for wind turbins
Solar heat
New technology what will the future bring.
Vores forbrændingsanlæg omdanner hvert år affald fra vores fem ejerkommuner til elektricitet og fjernvarme. I 2009 blev der brændt 417.000 ton affald i de fire ovne på Amagerforbrænding. Det er ti procent af alt affald, der brændes i Danmark. Affaldet består af:
Dagrenovation og storskrald fra private husholdninger (50%)
Forbrændingsegnet affald fra genbrugspladserne (10%)
Erhvervsaffald - blandt andet sygehusaffald og fortroligt affald (40%)
I 2009 var Amagerforbrændings varmeproduktion på 845.207 MWh, mens elproduktionen var på 163.530 MWh. Det betyder, at vi kan forsyne næsten 140.000 husstande med el og fjernvarme. I menupunktet Bag om teknikken kan du læse, hvordan forbrændingsanlægget forvandler dit affald til energi.
>40% of the waste is based on fossil fuels/plastic
