Assignement of programming & problem solvingSyed Umair
The document contains 15 code snippets in C++ that demonstrate various programming concepts like input/output, loops, conditional statements, functions etc. Each snippet is followed by sample input/output. The snippets include programs to swap two numbers without third variable, find smallest of three numbers, calculate average of student ages, display patterns like triangles and stars, check divisibility etc.
This document discusses memory optimization techniques for games, including reference counting, autorelease pools, and texture caching. It recommends avoiding loading individual PNG/JPG textures, instead loading textures from largest to smallest using the compressed PVR.CCZ format. Autorelease pools allow deferring the release of objects until the pool is drained, but they cannot be nested or used in multithreaded environments. Texture caches like CCTextureCache and CCSpriteFrameCache improve performance by reusing loaded texture assets.
Недавно работы комитета по стандартизации WG21 были завершены, и документ-черновик C++17 был отправлен на рассмотрение в Международную организацию по стандартизации (ISO). С этого момента технически можно считать, что стандарт C++17 у нас есть. Если вы ещё ознакомились с принятыми изменениями, то сейчас для этого самое время. В докладе будет сделан обзор нововведений. Рассмотрено текущее состояние дел у популярных компиляторов с поддержкой С++17
One definition rule - что это такое, и как с этим житьPlatonov Sergey
В докладе будет разобрано, что-же такое ODR, какие ошибки могут быть из-за нарушения этого правила. Также будет представлен Proof-of-concept утилиты на базе clang tooling по автоматическому поиску таких ошибок.
This document discusses different methods for displaying text and numeric values on a 16x2 LCD screen connected to an AVR microcontroller. It explains how to rotate text by changing the cursor position with a delay, convert integers to strings using itoa() to display them, and convert floating point numbers to strings using dtostrf() for display. Sample code is provided for each method to demonstrate how to rotate a text string, display an increasing integer value, and output a single floating point number on the LCD screen.
The document contains code for a dialog box that launches different programs based on a user's selection from a combo box. When the user clicks a button, the code gets the selected program name as a string, converts it to uppercase, and uses WinExec to launch the corresponding executable (mspaint.exe for "PAINT", notepad.exe for "NOTEPAD", or otherwise just launches the program name) by showing the window. The combo box is populated in the initialization function with the options "Notepad" and "Paint".
This document discusses computer graphics and OpenGL. It begins by explaining Cartesian coordinates in the real world and how they differ from coordinates on a computer screen. It then outlines the main OpenGL libraries used - the Core OpenGL library, GLU, GLUT, and GLEW. Each library is briefly described. The document also covers OpenGL parameters, commands, colors, drawing primitives, and assigns topics for student groups to present on.
Работа с реляционными базами данных в C++corehard_by
The document discusses various C++ libraries for working with relational databases, including native database clients, third-party libraries, and what may be on the horizon. It covers libraries for PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and others. It provides code examples for connecting to a database and executing queries using libraries like QtSQL, Poco::Data, OTL, SOCI, and Sqlpp11. It also mentions a proposed new library called cppstddb that aims to provide a standardized C++ interface for databases.
Assignement of programming & problem solvingSyed Umair
The document contains 15 code snippets in C++ that demonstrate various programming concepts like input/output, loops, conditional statements, functions etc. Each snippet is followed by sample input/output. The snippets include programs to swap two numbers without third variable, find smallest of three numbers, calculate average of student ages, display patterns like triangles and stars, check divisibility etc.
This document discusses memory optimization techniques for games, including reference counting, autorelease pools, and texture caching. It recommends avoiding loading individual PNG/JPG textures, instead loading textures from largest to smallest using the compressed PVR.CCZ format. Autorelease pools allow deferring the release of objects until the pool is drained, but they cannot be nested or used in multithreaded environments. Texture caches like CCTextureCache and CCSpriteFrameCache improve performance by reusing loaded texture assets.
Недавно работы комитета по стандартизации WG21 были завершены, и документ-черновик C++17 был отправлен на рассмотрение в Международную организацию по стандартизации (ISO). С этого момента технически можно считать, что стандарт C++17 у нас есть. Если вы ещё ознакомились с принятыми изменениями, то сейчас для этого самое время. В докладе будет сделан обзор нововведений. Рассмотрено текущее состояние дел у популярных компиляторов с поддержкой С++17
One definition rule - что это такое, и как с этим житьPlatonov Sergey
В докладе будет разобрано, что-же такое ODR, какие ошибки могут быть из-за нарушения этого правила. Также будет представлен Proof-of-concept утилиты на базе clang tooling по автоматическому поиску таких ошибок.
This document discusses different methods for displaying text and numeric values on a 16x2 LCD screen connected to an AVR microcontroller. It explains how to rotate text by changing the cursor position with a delay, convert integers to strings using itoa() to display them, and convert floating point numbers to strings using dtostrf() for display. Sample code is provided for each method to demonstrate how to rotate a text string, display an increasing integer value, and output a single floating point number on the LCD screen.
The document contains code for a dialog box that launches different programs based on a user's selection from a combo box. When the user clicks a button, the code gets the selected program name as a string, converts it to uppercase, and uses WinExec to launch the corresponding executable (mspaint.exe for "PAINT", notepad.exe for "NOTEPAD", or otherwise just launches the program name) by showing the window. The combo box is populated in the initialization function with the options "Notepad" and "Paint".
This document discusses computer graphics and OpenGL. It begins by explaining Cartesian coordinates in the real world and how they differ from coordinates on a computer screen. It then outlines the main OpenGL libraries used - the Core OpenGL library, GLU, GLUT, and GLEW. Each library is briefly described. The document also covers OpenGL parameters, commands, colors, drawing primitives, and assigns topics for student groups to present on.
Работа с реляционными базами данных в C++corehard_by
The document discusses various C++ libraries for working with relational databases, including native database clients, third-party libraries, and what may be on the horizon. It covers libraries for PostgreSQL, MySQL, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and others. It provides code examples for connecting to a database and executing queries using libraries like QtSQL, Poco::Data, OTL, SOCI, and Sqlpp11. It also mentions a proposed new library called cppstddb that aims to provide a standardized C++ interface for databases.
This document discusses how to boost testing productivity using Groovy. It provides an overview of Groovy and how it can be used for testing, including mocking with dynamic proxies, testing databases and building test data. It also discusses options for functional UI testing using Groovy frameworks like FEST and Easyb.
Svcc Building Rich Applications with Groovy's SwingBuilderAndres Almiray
The document discusses using SwingBuilder in Groovy to create graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Key points:
- SwingBuilder uses a domain-specific language (DSL) to define Swing components in a hierarchical, builder-like manner.
- Common Swing events and actions can be handled via closures for concise syntax.
- Advanced features include binding data to views, custom component extensions, and threading options.
The document provides an overview of the GNU Debugger (GDB). It lists common GDB commands for debugging programs like breakpoints, watching variables, backtracing functions, and examining runtime behavior. Additional debugger tools are also mentioned like gdbtui, Xcode, and Emacs plugins that build on GDB. The document ends with references to online resources for learning more about using GDB and debugging with it.
The document defines a CPropertiesDlg class that inherits from CDialog and contains an integer member variable m_edit1. It also defines a CCosinusView class that contains an integer member m_pasi. The CCosinusView class opens an instance of the CPropertiesDlg as a modal dialog when the OnFunctionsCosinus method is called, and assigns the m_edit1 value from the dialog to its own m_pasi member variable.
Nagios Conference 2012 - Dave Josephsen - Stop Being LazyNagios
Dave Josephsen's presentation on using writing event brokers for Nagios.
The presentation was given during the Nagios World Conference North America held Sept 25-28th, 2012 in Saint Paul, MN. For more information on the conference (including photos and videos), visit: http://go.nagios.com/nwcna
This document provides an introduction to GDB (GNU Debugger) including what it is, why it is useful, basic GDB commands, and examples of using GDB to debug a C program. Key points include:
- GDB is an interactive debugger that allows debugging of C/C++ programs.
- It helps developers find bugs by allowing them to watch/modify variables, determine why programs fail, and change program flow.
- Basic GDB commands demonstrated include breakpoints, backtraces, printing variables, and stepping through code.
- An example program is debugged using GDB to step through functions and view variable values.
Groovy's SwingBuilder and GraphicsBuilder are domain-specific languages that allow for concise creation of Swing user interfaces and Java2D graphics in a hierarchical, declarative manner. SwingBuilder handles Swing components like windows, panels and buttons, while GraphicsBuilder supports shapes, strokes, filters and more for graphics rendering. These builders can be used together to create applications with both UI and custom graphics elements. The presentation introduces the builders and provides tips for their effective use.
The document contains 26 C++ programs demonstrating basic programming concepts like variables, data types, input/output functions, conditional statements, loops, functions, arrays etc. The programs include calculations like addition, subtraction, cube, area of shapes, temperature conversion, tables, averages and patterns using for/while loops. Logical and relational operators as well as increment operators are also covered. The programs help learn and practice fundamental C++ programming.
The document contains 6 programs written in C++ demonstrating the use of classes and objects. Program 1 defines a Book class with private data members (page, price, title) and public member functions to get and display book details. Program 2 adds a setvalue function to modify object properties. Program 3 defines a Travel class to track distance and time with additional functions. Program 4 defines a Time class. Programs 5 and 6 demonstrate static class members and functions.
The rule of three (also known as the Law of The Big Three or The Big Three) is a rule of thumb in C++ that claims that if a class defines one of the following it should probably explicitly define all three: Copy constructor, Copy assignment operator, Destructor
This document provides an introduction to using OpenGL in Visual C++. It discusses how to set up an OpenGL project in Visual C++, including setting the pixel format, creating an OpenGL rendering context, and making the context current. It also covers cleaning up the context and deleting it. The document then demonstrates how to draw simple 2D graphics in OpenGL by setting the viewport and matrix modes and drawing basic images.
Diving into HHVM Extensions (Brno PHP Conference 2015)James Titcumb
HHVM is currently gaining popularity at quite a pace, and it's a pretty exciting time for PHP runtimes. Have you ever wondered what is going on beneath this slick and super-speedy engine? I wondered that myself, so I dived into the internals of HHVM, discovering a treasure trove of awesome stuff. In this talk, I’ll show you how HHVM itself works with a guided tour of the codebase, demonstrating how it all pieces together. I’ll also show you a couple of ways to write your own incredible HHVM extension. You don't need to know C++ to understand this talk - just PHP language knowledge is enough.
The document contains 10 C++ programs that demonstrate various programming concepts like arithmetic operators, if-else statements, loops, arrays, etc. Each program is presented with its source code and expected output.
Of complicacy of programming, or won't C# save us?PVS-Studio
Programming is hard. I hope no one would argue that. But the topic of new programming languages, or more exactly, search of a "silver bullet" is always highly popular with software developers. The most "trendy" topic currently is superiority of one programming language over the other. For instance, C# is "cooler" than C++. Although holy wars are not the reason why I'm writing this post, still it is a "sore subject" for me. Oh, come on, C#/lisp/F#/Haskell/... won't let you write a smart application that would interact with the outer world and that's all. All the elegance will disappear as soon as you decide to write some real soft and not a sample "in itself".
GvaScript is a JavaScript library that extends the Prototype framework. It includes utilities for autocompletion, trees, grids, forms, and internationalization. The library provides callbacks for events like initialization, change, submit, and destroy. It also supports global responders to define common form behaviors. GvaScript 2.0 will add internationalization support using key mappings on DOM elements. The library was created by Laurent Dami and Mona Remlawi in Geneva, Switzerland and is available on CPAN and Google Code.
안드로이드 앱의 빌드 툴인 Gradle은 빌드 스크립트로 Groovy DSL을 사용합니다. DSL은 큰 학습 없이 사용할 수 있다는 장점이 있지만, 각 구문의 역할이나 의미를 정확히 알기는 어렵습니다. 이에 대한 기본적인 이해가 생긴다면, 직접 코드를 추가하거나 기존 기능을 개선시키는 등 적극적으로 빌드 과정을 조절하는데 도움이 될 것입니다. 이 세션에서는 Groovy 문법을 간단하게 소개하고, Gradle 파일들을 구문별로 의미하는 바를 짚어보며 gradle 파일을 읽는 법을 알아봅니다. 그리고 원하는 기능을 찾기 위해서 어떤 레퍼런스를 찾아야 하는지에 대한 팁을 공유합니다.
FLTK Summer Course - Part VIII - Eighth Impact - ExercisesMichel Alves
FLTK (pronounced "fulltick") is a cross-platform C++ GUI toolkit for UNIX®/Linux® (X11), Microsoft® Windows®, and MacOS® X. FLTK provides modern GUI functionality without the bloat and supports 3D graphics via OpenGL® and its built-in GLUT emulation. FLTK is designed to be small and modular enough to be statically linked, but works fine as a shared library. FLTK also includes an excellent UI builder called FLUID that can be used to create applications in minutes. FLTK is provided under the terms of the GNU Library Public License, Version 2 with exceptions that allow for static linking. More informations in http://www.fltk.org.
The document contains code snippets and descriptions for various C++ programs, including:
1) An abstract class example with Shape as the base class and Rectangle and Triangle as derived classes, demonstrating polymorphism.
2) A program that counts the words in a text by getting user input and parsing for whitespace.
3) An Armstrong number checker that determines if a number is an Armstrong number based on the sum of its digits.
4) Various other examples like binary search, complex number arithmetic, stacks, inheritance, and converting between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures.
This year PVS-Studio static analyzer turned 10. Although, we should clarify the point that 10 years ago it was called Viva64. Another interesting point: it's been 5 years since the previous check of the Notepad++ project. During this period of time the analyzer was significantly improved: about 190 new diagnostics were added and the old ones got refined. However, we cannot expect to see a large number of errors in Notepad++. It is quite a small project that has only 123 files with the source code. Nevertheless, there are still errors that are worth fixing.
This document contains a summary of JavaScript syntax and concepts including variable declaration, operators, control flow, functions, objects, and more. It discusses JavaScript data types like scalars and objects, and built-in functions like parse, NaN, undefined, null, call, apply, and arguments. Special keywords and operators are also summarized like new, in, delete, typeof, instanceof, continue, break, switch, case, return, throw, try, and catch.
This document provides an introduction to OpenGL and GLUT (OpenGL Utility Toolkit). It discusses OpenGL as a graphics rendering API that is device, window system, and operating system independent. GLUT is introduced as a toolkit that provides window system-independent functions, mostly for user interface purposes in OpenGL programs. The document outlines a typical GLUT program structure of configuring a window, initializing OpenGL, registering callback functions, and entering an event loop. It provides examples of OpenGL geometric primitives, rendering steps, and using GLUT functions.
OpenGL is a graphics rendering API that can be used to render 2D and 3D graphics. It uses graphics primitives like points, lines, polygons, and textures to render high-quality images. GLUT is a library that provides windowing and input functions to simplify OpenGL program development. An OpenGL program initializes graphics state, registers callback functions for events like display and input, and enters a main loop to process events. Within callbacks, primitives are specified using vertices between glBegin and glEnd commands to render graphics.
This document discusses how to boost testing productivity using Groovy. It provides an overview of Groovy and how it can be used for testing, including mocking with dynamic proxies, testing databases and building test data. It also discusses options for functional UI testing using Groovy frameworks like FEST and Easyb.
Svcc Building Rich Applications with Groovy's SwingBuilderAndres Almiray
The document discusses using SwingBuilder in Groovy to create graphical user interfaces (GUIs). Key points:
- SwingBuilder uses a domain-specific language (DSL) to define Swing components in a hierarchical, builder-like manner.
- Common Swing events and actions can be handled via closures for concise syntax.
- Advanced features include binding data to views, custom component extensions, and threading options.
The document provides an overview of the GNU Debugger (GDB). It lists common GDB commands for debugging programs like breakpoints, watching variables, backtracing functions, and examining runtime behavior. Additional debugger tools are also mentioned like gdbtui, Xcode, and Emacs plugins that build on GDB. The document ends with references to online resources for learning more about using GDB and debugging with it.
The document defines a CPropertiesDlg class that inherits from CDialog and contains an integer member variable m_edit1. It also defines a CCosinusView class that contains an integer member m_pasi. The CCosinusView class opens an instance of the CPropertiesDlg as a modal dialog when the OnFunctionsCosinus method is called, and assigns the m_edit1 value from the dialog to its own m_pasi member variable.
Nagios Conference 2012 - Dave Josephsen - Stop Being LazyNagios
Dave Josephsen's presentation on using writing event brokers for Nagios.
The presentation was given during the Nagios World Conference North America held Sept 25-28th, 2012 in Saint Paul, MN. For more information on the conference (including photos and videos), visit: http://go.nagios.com/nwcna
This document provides an introduction to GDB (GNU Debugger) including what it is, why it is useful, basic GDB commands, and examples of using GDB to debug a C program. Key points include:
- GDB is an interactive debugger that allows debugging of C/C++ programs.
- It helps developers find bugs by allowing them to watch/modify variables, determine why programs fail, and change program flow.
- Basic GDB commands demonstrated include breakpoints, backtraces, printing variables, and stepping through code.
- An example program is debugged using GDB to step through functions and view variable values.
Groovy's SwingBuilder and GraphicsBuilder are domain-specific languages that allow for concise creation of Swing user interfaces and Java2D graphics in a hierarchical, declarative manner. SwingBuilder handles Swing components like windows, panels and buttons, while GraphicsBuilder supports shapes, strokes, filters and more for graphics rendering. These builders can be used together to create applications with both UI and custom graphics elements. The presentation introduces the builders and provides tips for their effective use.
The document contains 26 C++ programs demonstrating basic programming concepts like variables, data types, input/output functions, conditional statements, loops, functions, arrays etc. The programs include calculations like addition, subtraction, cube, area of shapes, temperature conversion, tables, averages and patterns using for/while loops. Logical and relational operators as well as increment operators are also covered. The programs help learn and practice fundamental C++ programming.
The document contains 6 programs written in C++ demonstrating the use of classes and objects. Program 1 defines a Book class with private data members (page, price, title) and public member functions to get and display book details. Program 2 adds a setvalue function to modify object properties. Program 3 defines a Travel class to track distance and time with additional functions. Program 4 defines a Time class. Programs 5 and 6 demonstrate static class members and functions.
The rule of three (also known as the Law of The Big Three or The Big Three) is a rule of thumb in C++ that claims that if a class defines one of the following it should probably explicitly define all three: Copy constructor, Copy assignment operator, Destructor
This document provides an introduction to using OpenGL in Visual C++. It discusses how to set up an OpenGL project in Visual C++, including setting the pixel format, creating an OpenGL rendering context, and making the context current. It also covers cleaning up the context and deleting it. The document then demonstrates how to draw simple 2D graphics in OpenGL by setting the viewport and matrix modes and drawing basic images.
Diving into HHVM Extensions (Brno PHP Conference 2015)James Titcumb
HHVM is currently gaining popularity at quite a pace, and it's a pretty exciting time for PHP runtimes. Have you ever wondered what is going on beneath this slick and super-speedy engine? I wondered that myself, so I dived into the internals of HHVM, discovering a treasure trove of awesome stuff. In this talk, I’ll show you how HHVM itself works with a guided tour of the codebase, demonstrating how it all pieces together. I’ll also show you a couple of ways to write your own incredible HHVM extension. You don't need to know C++ to understand this talk - just PHP language knowledge is enough.
The document contains 10 C++ programs that demonstrate various programming concepts like arithmetic operators, if-else statements, loops, arrays, etc. Each program is presented with its source code and expected output.
Of complicacy of programming, or won't C# save us?PVS-Studio
Programming is hard. I hope no one would argue that. But the topic of new programming languages, or more exactly, search of a "silver bullet" is always highly popular with software developers. The most "trendy" topic currently is superiority of one programming language over the other. For instance, C# is "cooler" than C++. Although holy wars are not the reason why I'm writing this post, still it is a "sore subject" for me. Oh, come on, C#/lisp/F#/Haskell/... won't let you write a smart application that would interact with the outer world and that's all. All the elegance will disappear as soon as you decide to write some real soft and not a sample "in itself".
GvaScript is a JavaScript library that extends the Prototype framework. It includes utilities for autocompletion, trees, grids, forms, and internationalization. The library provides callbacks for events like initialization, change, submit, and destroy. It also supports global responders to define common form behaviors. GvaScript 2.0 will add internationalization support using key mappings on DOM elements. The library was created by Laurent Dami and Mona Remlawi in Geneva, Switzerland and is available on CPAN and Google Code.
안드로이드 앱의 빌드 툴인 Gradle은 빌드 스크립트로 Groovy DSL을 사용합니다. DSL은 큰 학습 없이 사용할 수 있다는 장점이 있지만, 각 구문의 역할이나 의미를 정확히 알기는 어렵습니다. 이에 대한 기본적인 이해가 생긴다면, 직접 코드를 추가하거나 기존 기능을 개선시키는 등 적극적으로 빌드 과정을 조절하는데 도움이 될 것입니다. 이 세션에서는 Groovy 문법을 간단하게 소개하고, Gradle 파일들을 구문별로 의미하는 바를 짚어보며 gradle 파일을 읽는 법을 알아봅니다. 그리고 원하는 기능을 찾기 위해서 어떤 레퍼런스를 찾아야 하는지에 대한 팁을 공유합니다.
FLTK Summer Course - Part VIII - Eighth Impact - ExercisesMichel Alves
FLTK (pronounced "fulltick") is a cross-platform C++ GUI toolkit for UNIX®/Linux® (X11), Microsoft® Windows®, and MacOS® X. FLTK provides modern GUI functionality without the bloat and supports 3D graphics via OpenGL® and its built-in GLUT emulation. FLTK is designed to be small and modular enough to be statically linked, but works fine as a shared library. FLTK also includes an excellent UI builder called FLUID that can be used to create applications in minutes. FLTK is provided under the terms of the GNU Library Public License, Version 2 with exceptions that allow for static linking. More informations in http://www.fltk.org.
The document contains code snippets and descriptions for various C++ programs, including:
1) An abstract class example with Shape as the base class and Rectangle and Triangle as derived classes, demonstrating polymorphism.
2) A program that counts the words in a text by getting user input and parsing for whitespace.
3) An Armstrong number checker that determines if a number is an Armstrong number based on the sum of its digits.
4) Various other examples like binary search, complex number arithmetic, stacks, inheritance, and converting between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures.
This year PVS-Studio static analyzer turned 10. Although, we should clarify the point that 10 years ago it was called Viva64. Another interesting point: it's been 5 years since the previous check of the Notepad++ project. During this period of time the analyzer was significantly improved: about 190 new diagnostics were added and the old ones got refined. However, we cannot expect to see a large number of errors in Notepad++. It is quite a small project that has only 123 files with the source code. Nevertheless, there are still errors that are worth fixing.
This document contains a summary of JavaScript syntax and concepts including variable declaration, operators, control flow, functions, objects, and more. It discusses JavaScript data types like scalars and objects, and built-in functions like parse, NaN, undefined, null, call, apply, and arguments. Special keywords and operators are also summarized like new, in, delete, typeof, instanceof, continue, break, switch, case, return, throw, try, and catch.
This document provides an introduction to OpenGL and GLUT (OpenGL Utility Toolkit). It discusses OpenGL as a graphics rendering API that is device, window system, and operating system independent. GLUT is introduced as a toolkit that provides window system-independent functions, mostly for user interface purposes in OpenGL programs. The document outlines a typical GLUT program structure of configuring a window, initializing OpenGL, registering callback functions, and entering an event loop. It provides examples of OpenGL geometric primitives, rendering steps, and using GLUT functions.
OpenGL is a graphics rendering API that can be used to render 2D and 3D graphics. It uses graphics primitives like points, lines, polygons, and textures to render high-quality images. GLUT is a library that provides windowing and input functions to simplify OpenGL program development. An OpenGL program initializes graphics state, registers callback functions for events like display and input, and enters a main loop to process events. Within callbacks, primitives are specified using vertices between glBegin and glEnd commands to render graphics.
OpenGL is a graphics rendering API that can be used to render 2D and 3D graphics. It uses graphics primitives like points, lines, polygons, and textures to render high-quality images. GLUT is a library that provides windowing and input functions to simplify OpenGL program development. An OpenGL program initializes graphics state, registers callback functions for events like display and input, and enters a main loop to process events. Within callbacks, primitives are specified using vertices between glBegin and glEnd commands to render graphics.
The document contains code for two OpenGL computer graphics assignments. The first assignment code draws a single yellow square in the center of the window. The second assignment code draws two overlapping squares - a red square taking up the entire window and a smaller yellow square in the center. Both assignments initialize an OpenGL window and rendering context and call display and main functions to set up and run the OpenGL program.
Computer Graphics and Multimedia lab reportBijoy679
According to NU of Bangladesh for BSC Hons in CSE 6th semester, here you can find the solution about this subject according to the board question respectively.
The document contains code for a 3D wireframe object program in C++ using OpenGL and GLUT. The code defines functions for initialization, drawing, and window resizing. It sets up the display mode, window position and size, and registers callbacks for drawing, resizing, and the main loop. The drawing function clears the screen, sets color, applies transformations, and draws a wire cube using GLUT functions.
The document provides an introduction to OpenGL programming. It discusses that OpenGL is a hardware-independent API for 3D graphics. It originated from SGI's GL library and was developed as the cross-platform OpenGL standard. The document outlines OpenGL's core functionality and architecture, as well as common libraries like GLUT and GLU. It provides examples of basic OpenGL programs and concepts like the rendering pipeline, coordinate systems, and event handling.
The document contains listings of OpenGL programs for drawing 2D and 3D shapes using various functions like glBegin, glVertex, glColor. Program 1 draws a 2D rectangle, Program 2 draws a pink triangle. Later programs demonstrate drawing polygons, setting vertex colors, 3D rendering with perspective projection, handling window resizing, object transformations and drawing a cube with different colors on each face. The programs illustrate basic 3D graphics and OpenGL functions.
This document contains code examples demonstrating the use of OpenGL functions to draw points and lines. The first example draws two points with different colors. The second draws four points with varying sizes and colors. The third draws two red and green lines. The fourth draws a cross shape using four colored lines. All examples initialize an OpenGL window, clear the buffer, set point/line sizes, draw with GL_POINTS or GL_LINES, and enter the main loop.
The Ring programming language version 1.5.1 book - Part 52 of 180Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document discusses using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT libraries to perform 3D graphics in Ring. It provides examples of creating an OpenGL window with RingFreeGLUT, drawing shapes with RingOpenGL by specifying vertices and colors, handling window resize events, adding triangle rotation, and responding to keyboard input to change shape colors. The examples demonstrate basic 3D rendering functionality and interactivity using these Ring libraries for OpenGL.
The Ring programming language version 1.8 book - Part 60 of 202Mahmoud Samir Fayed
This document discusses using RingOpenGL and RingFreeGLUT for 3D graphics in Ring. It provides examples of creating an OpenGL window with RingFreeGLUT, drawing shapes using RingOpenGL, handling window resize events, rotating triangles, and responding to keyboard input to change colors. Key aspects covered include initializing GLUT, loading the OpenGL and FreeGLUT libraries, using functions like glutInit(), glutCreateWindow(), glutDisplayFunc(), and handling events.
The Ring programming language version 1.6 book - Part 56 of 189Mahmoud Samir Fayed
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4. include <GL/glut.h>
void display(){
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
Adding required libraries to the project
Define a method to display
glClear — clear buffers to preset values
3 values :
• GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT- Indicates the buffers currently
enabled for color writing.
• GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT- Indicates the depth buffer.
• GL_STENCIL_BUFFER_BIT - Indicates the stencil buffer.
glColor — set the current color
glColor3f(1,0,0);
7. glEnd(); glBegin and glEnd delimit the vertices that define a primitive
or a group of like primitives.
glFlush — force execution of GL commands in finite timeglFlush();
glutSwapBuffers(); glutSwapBuffers- swaps the buffers of the current window
if double buffered.
} End of Display function
Code review cont…
8. main function
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA);
glutInitWindowSize(512,512);
glutCreateWindow("");
glutDisplayFunc(display);
gluOrtho2D(0,640,0,640);
glClearColor(0.5,0.7,0.5,0);
glutMainLoop();
return 0;
}
main()
The entry point into any console application. As you delve into graphics
development, you'll notice that it isn't always this. However, to keep
things simple, let's just stick with main on its own.
int argc;
Stands for argument count. In other words, how many things are being
passed into the program.
char **argv; or char *argv[];
Both do the exact same thing. Short for argument vector, or in other
words, this is a multidimensional array that will store all arguments
being passed to the function.
9. is used to initialize the GLUT library.glutInit(&argc, argv);
glutInitDisplayMode - sets the initial display mode.glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGBA);
Code review cont…
10. Code review cont…
glutInitWindowSize(512,512); glutInitWindowPosition and glutInitWindowSize set the initial
window position and size respectively.
glutCreateWindow creates a top-level window.
glutCreateWindow("");
glutDisplayFunc sets the display callback for the current window.
glutDisplayFunc(display);
11. Code review cont…
gluOrtho2D(0,640,0,640); gluOrtho2D — define a 2D orthographic projection matrix
glClearColor(0.5,0.7,0.5,0); glClearColor — specify clear values for the color buffers
12. Code review cont…
glutMainLoop(); glutMainLoop enters the GLUT event processing loop.
return 0;
}
Return 0 and end of the main function