1. AIA/ACSA 2015
Intersections Between the Academy and Practice
Wednesday, May 13 2015
Preventing Malaria
through Housing Design
in Urban Africa
Olivia Johns-Yost & Peter Williams
ARCHIVE Global

2. INTRODUCTION
TO ARCHIVE
THE URBAN HEALTH
CHALLENGE
HOUSING DESIGN
& MALARIA
EVIDENCE
FROM THE FIELD
BUILDING MALARIA
PREVENTION In CAMEROON

3. INTROduCTION TO ARCHIVE
ARCHIVE’S MISSION
Operating in the spaces of development, health, and architecture,
we prioritize housing design as a key strategy in combating disease around the world.
ARCHIVE’S MISSION
Operating in the spaces of development, health, and architecture,
we prioritize housing design as a key strategy in combating disease around the world.

4. Source: UN Dept. of Economic and Social
Afrairs, Population Division, 2009
Comparison of Average Urban Population Growth in More Developed vs. Less Developed
Need 4,000 affordable housing units every hour (UN-HABITAT: 2007)
Urban Population Growth:
URBAN HEALTH CHALLENGE

5. Outdoor Air
Indoor Air
Water
Sanitation
Waste Mgmt
Floodplains
Industrial Activity
Green Space
Shared Streets
Access to Food
Air
Quality
Basic
Infrastructure
Hazardous
Landuse
Accessto
Ammenities
Rodent-borne
Infections
Mosquito-borne
Disease
Diarrhea
Respiratory
Infections
Cardiovascular
Conditions
Diabetes
Asthma,
COPD
Intestinal
Worms
Cancers
INFECTiOUS DISEASES CHRONIC DISEASES
URBAN HEALTH CHALLENGE
Disease and the urban environment
Source: ARCHIVE 2015

6. URBAN HEALTH CHALLENGE
Source: ARCHIVE 2013
Disease and the home environment

7. Source: WHO 2014
MALARIA & HOUSING DESIGN
population at
risk of malaria
198 million infections
600,000 deaths in 2013
44% of global malaria
deaths are in Africa
of these are among
children under 5
90%
83%
The socio-economic
burden of malaria
is felt at all levels
of society:
from the family,
to the local business,
to the national economy

8. MALARIA & HOUSING DESIGN
78% of countries where malaria
is a problem have reported
resistance to commonly
used insecticides
Source: WHO 2014

9. no intervention conventional
approach
ARCHIVE’s
approach
MALARIA & HOUSING DESIGN
Source: ARCHIVE 2015

10. Source: Kirby 2008
Malaria housing:
rural Italy, 1900
EVIDENCE FROM THE FIELD

11. open
eaves
unscreened
windows & doors
mud walls or
thatched roofs
Source: ARCHIVE 2013
standing
water
EVIDENCE FROM THE FIELD

12. 76-82%
reduction in mosquito entry
when ceilings were installed
the odds of malaria
infection for children
living with mud roofs
vs. iron roofs2X
Sources: Atieli 2009 ; Ye 2006
EVIDENCE FROM THE FIELD

13. 94%
of trial participants chose
to keep their screens
because they:
· improved privacy
· beautified their home
· prevented nuisance
mosquito bites
Source: Kirby 2009
EVIDENCE FROM THE FIELD

15. BLDG MALARIA PREVENTION
Sources: WHO 2010, ARCHIVE 2013
CAMEROON 14% of children
sleep under nets
every night
TOP 3causes of sickness & death
malaria ranks as one of the prevalence of
poor housing

16. BLDG MALARIA PREVENTION
Source: ARCHIVE 2013
30%residents infected with malaria:
60% of residents did not sleep
under a net the previous night
HALFwere children under 10
Yaoundé,
Cameroon

17. BLDG MALARIA PREVENTION
Source: ARCHIVE 2013
76% had standing water
around the perimeter
Yaoundé,
Cameroon
63% of houses had
unscreened windows
65% had openings
around the roof
A baseline survey of the housing
stock in July 2013 found:

18. BLDG MALARIA PREVENTION
Source: ARCHIVE 2013

19. BLDG MALARIA PREVENTION
Source: ARCHIVE 2013

20. BLDG MALARIA PREVENTION
Source: ARCHIVE 2013

21. Impact
and
Opportunities

22. thank you.