This document discusses potential crops and production systems for summer oilseed crops in India. It provides information on the major summer oilseed crops - groundnut, sunflower and sesame - including the major producing states, average area sown from 2012-13 to 2017-18, recommended varieties for different states, and suitable cropping systems. It also discusses strategies to expand the area under summer oilseeds, such as targeting rice fallow areas and improving productivity through better adoption of improved technologies.

1. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
DIRECTORATE OF OILSEEDS DEVELOPMENT
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE & FARMERS COOPERATION
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATION & FARMERS WELFARE
TELHAN BHAVAN, HIMAYATNAGAR,
HYDERABAD-500 029, TELANGANA
POTENTIAL CROPS & PRODUCTION
SYSTEMS FOR SUMMER OILSEED
CROPS
B. K. Srivastava
DIRECTOR I/C

2. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
SUMMER OILSEED CROPS
Crops States
States Reporting States not reporting
Groundnut Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil
Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana,
Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Assam,
Manipur, Tripura
Sunflower Karnataka, Bihar, Haryana, Maharashtra,
Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh,
Jharkhand & West Bengal
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana,
Chhattisgarh, Odisha
Sesame West Bengal, Gujarat, Karnataka,
Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Jharkhand
Andhra Pradesh, Telangana,
Chhattisgarh, Odisha
Crop Average
as on
date
#
AREA SOWN
2017-18 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 2012-13
Groundnut 5.095 4.467 5.667 4.404 4.343 5.405 5.654
Sunflower 0.550 0.324 0.426 0.577 0.629 0.495 0.624
Sesamum 3.033 2.949 2.398 2.531 3.808 3.822 2.606
Other Oilseeds 0.121 0.047 0.022 0.159 0.180 0.167 0.075
Total 8.799 7.787 8.513 7.671 8.960 9.889 8.959
Area in lakh ha
#Average as on date is derived by making average of area coverage under oilseeds for the corresponding week period of last five
years (2012-13 to 2016-17).

3. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
State-wise Crop Coverage under Summer Oilseed crops
Sl.
No State
Area covered during 2017-18 (lakh ha)
Groundnut Sunflower Sesame
Total
Summ
er
% of
summ
er Total
Summ
er
% of
summ
er Total
Summ
er
% of
summ
er
1 Andhra Pradesh 7.540 0.070 0.93 0.100 0.010 10.00 0.330 0.060 18.18
2 Telangana 1.530 0.000 0.00 0.033 0.000 0.00 0.080 0.060 75.00
3 Bihar 0.021 0.000 0.00 0.069 0.020 28.99 0.047 0.000 0.00
4 Chhattisgarh 1.007 0.200 19.86 0.150 0.080 53.44 0.344 0.000 0.00
5 Gujarat 16.779 0.523 3.12 0.000 0.000 1.277 0.160 12.53
6 Haryana 0.061 0.000 0.00 0.030 0.030 100.00 0.041 0.000 0.00
7 Jharkhand 0.339 0.000 0.01 0.033 0.001 2.97 0.096 0.001 0.63
8 Karnataka 6.350 1.410 22.20 2.400 0.080 3.33 0.370 0.010 2.70
9 Madhya Pradesh 2.230 0.050 2.24 0.000 0.000 4.240 0.000 0.00
10 Maharashtra 2.642 0.504 19.08 0.231 0.004 1.63 0.190 0.009 4.48
11 Odisha 1.979 0.161 8.16 0.124 0.029 23.28 1.871 0.144 7.68
12 Punjab 0.020 0.000 0.00 0.040 0.040 100.00 0.060 0.000 0.00
13 Tamil Nadu 3.535 0.238 6.73 0.152 0.005 3.29 0.349 0.046 13.18
14 Uttar Pradesh 1.920 0.770 40.11 0.004 0.004 100.00 3.002 0.000 0.00
15 West Bengal 0.644 0.540 83.85 0.053 0.022 41.51 2.469 2.460 99.64
16 Others 5.948 0.000 0.030 0.000 3.059 0.000
All INDIA 52.545 4.467 8.50 3.448 0.324 9.41 17.825 2.949 16.54

4. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
State-wise districts growing Summer Oilseed crops
Sl.
No
Crop State MAJOR DISTRICTS
1 Groundnut
Gujarat
Kutch, Vadodara, Junagadh, Jamnagar,
Bhavanagar, Sabarkanta, Tapi, Rajkot
Maharashtra
Yavatmal, Pune, Nanded, Nadurbar, Dhule,
Parbhani, Satara, Solapur, Hingoli, Wardha
West Bengal
Midnapur (E), Midnapur (W), Hoogly, Howrah,
Nadia, Jalpaiguri, 24 Paragnas (N)
2 Sunflower
Maharashtra Kolhapur, Osmanabad
Karnataka Kolar, Davangere, Bellary, Raichur, Bijapur
Punjab
Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Kapurtala, Ludhiana,
Mohali, Nawan Shehar, Fatehgarh Saheb, Patiala
3 Sesamum West Bengal
Midnapur (W), Hooghly, Nadia, Bankura,
Murshidabad, Bardhamam, 24 Paragnas (N)
As per the district-wise data submitted by State Department of Agriculture, summer oilseed crops are
being cultivated in these districts.

5. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
•Assured irrigation and nutrient management condition.
•Yield levels are much higher.
•Sowing : January/February to May/June.
•Major states are Karnataka, Gujarat, Maharashtra and some parts of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil
Nadu, Telangana & Uttar Pradesh
•In North Eastern States, mainly grown during January-February in Assam, Manipur and
Tripura.
•Due to high productivity in NE states, increasing summer groundnut area is better option.
•Use of polythene mulch technology will improve the germination and also initial growth
against the low temperature during Jan-Feb in NE States.
•Some of the cropping systems including groundnut as summer crop.
- Coastal areas : Rice-Mustard-Groundnut
- Maharashtra : Jowar-Sunflower-Groundnut ;
Sesame-Sunflower-Groundnut
- Tamil Nadu : Blackgram-Rice-Groundnut
GROUNDNUT

6. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
•Groundnut varieties recommended for summer cultivation:
GROUNDNUT
Variety State recommended Variety State recommended
VRI (Gn) 5 (2001) Tamil Nadu VRI (Gn) 6 (2009) Maharashtra, AP, Karnataka, Tamil
Nadu
GG-6 (2003) Gujarat Greeshma (2009) Andhra Pradesh
TG-37-A (2004) All India Vijetha (2010) West Bengal, Odisha, Jharkhand
Narayani (2007) Andhra Pradesh Kadiri Harithandra (2010) Karnataka, Maharashtra
SG-99 (2004) Punjab Pratap Raj Mugapalli (2011) Rajasthan
Prutha (2005) All India ALG 06-320 (2011) Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh
TG 38 (2006) Odisha, West Bengal, NE states RARS T-1 (2011) Andhra Pradesh
Abhaya (2006) Andhra Pradesh RARS T-2 (2011)
Vasundhara (2007) West Bengal, Odisha,
Jharkhand, Assam
GJG-31 (2012) Gujarat
TG-51 (2008) GJG-9 (20112)

7. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
•Rice fallow areas of North Eastern states.
•West Bengal is the major state cultivating summer sesame over an area of about 2.00 lakh
ha.
•Sesamum is also cultivated as summer crop in Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh,
Maharashtra, Odisha & Tamil Nadu states.
•Summer sesame yields are higher and by adopting the integrated nutrient management
yields can be increased by about 33%.
•Some of the cropping systems including Sesame as summer crop.
- Coastal areas : Rice-Mustard-Sesame ;
Rice-Potato-Sesame
- Tamil Nadu : Groundnut-Rice-Sesame
- West Bengal : Rice-Mustard-Sesame ;
Rice-Wheat-Sesame
Summer Sesamum

8. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
Sesame growing seasons in India are tabulated below
Sesamum
Season Planting
time
Harvesting
time
Condition Area % Name of States
Rainy (Kharif) June-July Oct-Nov Rainfed 70 MP, UP, Rajasthan, Gujarat,
Maharashtra, AP, Karnataka, Tamil
Nadu & Odisha
Mid Rainy
(Pre-Rabi)
Aug-Sept Dec-Jan Rainfed 20 MP, Maharashtra, Gujarat
Winter (Rabi) Oct-Nov Feb-Mar Irrigated Negligi
ble
Odisha, WB, Tamil Nadu
Summer
(Pre Kharif)
Jan-March Apr-June Irrigated 10 WB, Bihar, Odisha, AP, Tamil Nadu
& Kerala
Sesame varieties recommended for summer cultivation
Variety State recommended
JCS-94 (2002) Andhra Pradesh
Hima (2006)
Amrit (2006) AP, TN, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, MP
Savitri (2008) West Bengal
Jawahar Til-12 (2008) Madhya Pradesh
Jawahar Til-14 (2008)
PKV-NT-11 (2009) Maharashtra
Subha (2012) Odisha
Smarak (2012)
DS-5 (2012) Karnataka

9. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
Cultivation of Summer Oilseed crops
•In Northern India, the sunflower is grown mainly in Spring/Zaid season.
•Apart from Northern India, summer sunflower is also cultivated in Maharashtra, Karnataka
& Tamil Nadu state.
•Sowing takes place during last week of January to First FN of February. Sowing should not be
delayed beyond 1st FN of February. Otherwise, productivity is affected due to high
temperature during flowering and filling stage.
•Crop sequences of Sunflower :
- Tamil Nadu : Mung bean-Rice-Sunflower
- Punjab, Haryana, UP & Bihar : Maize-Potato-Sunflower;
Groundnut-Mustard-Sunflower;
Fodder-Potato/Mustard-Sunflower;
Urdbean-Toria-Sunflower
Sunflower
Sunflower varieties recommended for summer cultivation
Variety/Hybrid State recommended
KBSH-44 (Hy) (2003) All states
PSFH-118 (Hy) (2004) Punjab
HSFH-848 (Hy) (2005) Haryana
DRSH-1 (PCSH-243) (2006) All Statts

10. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
Area expansion of Summer Oilseed crops
Area in lakh ha and Production in lakh tonnes
TARGETTING RICE FALLOW AREA (TRFA)
Sl.
No
.
State No. of
District
No. of
village
Kharif
Paddy
area
Estimated
area of
rice fallow
Target for rice fallow area
coverage
Target of area
coverage by 2020
Expected
additional
production by
2020
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Pulses Oilseeds Pulses Oilseeds
1 Assam 8 800 20.52 10.42 2.30 2.30 2.30 5.40 1.35 3.75 0.90
2 Bihar 5 500 32.08 0.49 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.90 0.23 0.69 0.21
3 Chhattisgarh 5 500 38.30 28.56 3.50 3.50 3.50 10.80 2.70 5.58 1.26
4 Jharkhand 4 400 15.02 4.75 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.90 0.22 0.69 0.12
5 Odisha 9 900 36.33 29.61 4.30 4.30 4.30 10.80 2.70 5.28 1.77
6 West Bengal 9 900 38.58 11.59 4.30 4.30 4.30 7.20 1.80 9.45 3.03
Total 40 4000
180.8
3 85.42 15.00 15.00 15.00 36.00 9.00 25.44 7.29

11. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
Area expansion of Summer Oilseed crops
•Groundnut : - Rice fallow land and on Residual moisture in flood plains in Assam, West
Bengal, Odisha, Chattisgarh.
- Timely supply of seed and developing shallow tube wells/lift irrigation will
facilitate considerable expansion of area.
•Sunflower : - Cultivation of sunflower after potato, mustard, sugarcane, pea, cotton,
vegetables as Zaid crop in Northern India.
- As a crop in areas affected by alkalinity/salinity.
- In situations where water is available for shorter period in Summer season,
as intercrop in peninsular and Central India.
• Sesame : -In Central, Peninsular and Eastern India, Sesame as a summer crop in situations
where only limited water is available for 3-4 irrigations and shorter duration.
- As a summer crop (assured irrigated condition) in eastern states after potato and
rice.
- Shifting of Boro cultivation to Sesame cultivation

12. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad
STRATEGIES TO INCREASE OILSEED PRODUCTION
•Productivity improvement through better adoption of improved technology
1. Popularizing newly released high yielding cultivars and distribution of seed minikits of
oilseeds.
2. Ensuring quality seed supply at right time.
3. Improving varietal replacement rate.
4. Efficient/Standard crop management practices like
i) Adoption of proper crops rotation and crop sequences.
ii) Timely planting with right method of sowing
iii) Polythene mulch technology in North eastern states
iv) Adequate/optimum plant stand through adjustment in seed rate and thinning
v) timely weed management
vi) Protective irrigations to insure against weather aberrations.
vii) Adoption of moisture conservation technology
viii) Integrated nutrient & Pest management
5. Technology access in non-traditional areas : Odisha, West Bengal and Chhattisgarh in the
Eastern grid and in Indo-Gangetic Region of Punjab, Haryana, Western UP & Bihar.

13. Directorate of Oilseeds Development, Hyderabad