New cases of OCD being discovered everyday and its now known as a hidden epidemic

1. OCD: A HIDDEN EPIDEMIC
Dr. Imdadul Magfur
MD Phase-B Resident (RSOMC- 4)
Department of Psychiatry
Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College

2. HISTORY OF OCD AWARENESSWEEK

3. SCENARIO……
 Mrs. ‘X’ , a 25 year old housewife has changed her maid repeatedly
over last few months. She thinks her home is full of dirt and needs
repeated cleaning. She herself with four other maids cleans her
house multiple times daily but yet she feels anxious whether things
are cleaned as they should have or not.

4. (CONTD.)
 Mr. ‘Y’ , a medical student of 4th year has received criticism from his
teachers multiple times for wearing round collar T-shirt and not
buttoning up his apron. He says while wearing something with button
on , he has to wear in a specific way with specific serial , otherwise
he feels great discomfort and feels something dreadful may happen if
he doesn’t do his act perfectly.

7. WHAT IS OCD ?
OCD stands for Obsessive Compulsive
Disorder
Obsessions are recurrent persistent thoughts ,
impulses , or images that enter the mind
despite efforts to exclude them
Compulsions are repetitive & seemingly
purposeful behaviors that are performed in a
stereotyped way in response to an obsession.

8. EPIDEMIOLOGY

9. SCENARIO IN OCD CLINIC SOMCH
Sex Number (N-51)
Male 25
Female 26
Habitant Number (N-51)
Urban 41
Rural 10

10. (CONTD.)
 **From 6/5/18 to 16/ 06/19

12. COMMON OBSESSIONS

13. COMMON COMPULSIVE RITUALS

15. ETIOLOGY
Biological
Serotonin hypothesis
Genetics
Brain imaging
 Psychological
Psychodynamic
Cognitive theory
Two process (learning ) theory
 Social
Accommodation

16. (CONTD.)
 Serotonin hypothesis
Initially suggested that there was a gross deficit in serotonin
In recent years some researchers have argued that the most robust
evidence for the serotonin hypothesis is the specificity of SRI and SSRI
medication
 Genetics
 4-5 times increased risk in 1st degree relatives.

17. (CONTD.)

18. PSYCHODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE

19. COGNITIVE MODEL

20. TWO PROCESSTHEORY

21. KEY COGNITIVE PROCESSES IN OCD
 Thought action fusion- Magical thinking

22. (CONTD.)
 Responsibility : An inflated sense of responsibility for preventing harm to others.

23. (CONTD.)
 Overestimation of the likelihood that harm will occur

24. (CONTD.)
 Compulsions and safety-seeking behaviors
 Intolerance of uncertainty & ambiguity
 The need for control.

25. DIAGNOSIS OF OCD
 History taking & physical examination
 Usage of Z-FOCS
 DSM - 5
Appropriate investigation
Y-BOCS symptom checklist , severity assessment.

26. (CONTD.)

27. (CONTD.)

28. (CONTD.)

29. NON PSYCHIATRIC SPECIALISTS LIKELYTO
ENCOUNTER OCD PATIENTS..

30. TREATMENT

31. PROGNOSIS

32. OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE RELATED
DISORDERS

33. CONDITIONSTHAT MAY MIMIC OCD

34. FAMOUS PEOPLE WITH OCD

35. MOVIES & BOOKS ON OCD…..

36. TAKE HOME MESSAGE
 OCD is ranked byWHO in the top 10 of the most disabling illnesses.
 Various cause has been described ,but conflicting data indicates multiple
factors maybe at play.
 Compulsions although relief anxiety temporarily , in long run they actually
maintain obsession.
 Obsessions and compulsions maybe of various kinds, but early recognition &
treatment may provide positive outcome.