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O Sister, Where Art Thou? Part 3.5 Apostles Delemma 2
- 1. The Apostle’s Dilemma Part Two O Sister, Where Art Thou? Part Three
- 2. Goals 1. To visit the passages and women relevant to the topic. 2. Recognize how the apostle’s writes about his co-workers throws light on what he teachings in his epistles.
- 3. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Head (κεφαλὴ) Ephesians 5 Acts 16 “...be filled with the Spirit… submitting to one another in the fear of God…”
- 4. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Head (κεφαλὴ) Ephesians 5 Acts 16 “...be filled with the Spirit… submitting to one another in the fear of God…” Philippians 2:3 “Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves…”
- 5. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Head (κεφαλὴ) Ephesians 5 Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands as you do to the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, his body, of which he is the Savior.
- 6. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Head (κεφαλὴ) Ephesians 5 Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands as you do to the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, his body, of which he is the Savior. Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her...
- 7. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Head (κεφαλὴ) Ephesians 5 Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands as you do to the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, his body, of which he is the Savior. Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her... …submitting to one another in the fear of God…
- 8. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Head (κεφαλὴ) Ephesians 5 Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands as you do to the Lord. For the husband is the head of the wife as Christ is the head of the church, his body, of which he is the Savior. Husbands, love your wives, just as Christ loved the church and gave himself up for her... …submitting to one another in the fear of God…
- 9. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Head (κεφαλὴ) Ephesians 5 Slaves, obey your earthly masters with respect and fear, and with sincerity of heart, just as you would obey Christ. Masters, treat your slaves in the same way. Do not threaten them... …submitting to one another in the fear of God…
- 10. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher Acts 18 “He (Apollos) began to speak boldly in the synagogue. When Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they invited him to their home and explained to him the way of God more adequately.” Acts 16
- 11. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher Acts 18 1 Timothy 2 “ I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet.” Acts 16
- 12. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher Acts 18 1 Timothy 2 The Problem “...stay there in Ephesus so that you may command certain people not to teach false doctrines any longer or to devote themselves to myths and endless genealogies. Such things promote controversial speculations rather than advancing God’s work—which is by faith. The goal of this command is love...” Acts 16
- 13. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. And Adam was not the one deceived; it was the woman who was deceived and became a sinner. But women will be saved through childbearing—if they continue in faith, love and holiness with propriety.”
- 14. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. And Adam was not the one deceived; it was the woman who was deceived and became a sinner. But women will be saved through childbearing—if they continue in faith, love and holiness with propriety.”
- 15. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. And Adam was not the one deceived; it was the woman who was deceived and became a sinner. But women will be saved through childbearing—if they continue in faith, love and holiness with propriety.”
- 16. “The woman taught once, and ruined all. On this account therefore he (Paul) saith, let her not teach. But what is this to other women, that she suffered this? It certainly concerns them; for the sex is weak and fickle, and he is speaking of the sex collectively.”
- 17. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. And Adam was not the one deceived; it was the woman who was deceived and became a sinner. But women will be saved through childbearing—if they continue in faith, love and holiness with propriety.”
- 18. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher ἐξουσία Power, authority, weight... αὐθεντεῖν To exercise authority, to usurp authority...
- 19. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. Usurping authority, bullying, dominating...
- 23. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. Usurping authority, bullying, dominating...
- 24. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. And Adam was not the one deceived; it was the woman who was deceived and became a sinner. But women will be saved through childbearing—if they continue in faith, love and holiness with propriety.”
- 25. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. And Adam was not the one deceived; it was the woman who was deceived and became a sinner. “But I am afraid that just as Eve was deceived by the serpent’s cunning, your minds may somehow be led astray from your sincere and pure devotion to Christ” (2 Corinthians 11).
- 26. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher “A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to assume authority over a man; she must be quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve. And Adam was not the one deceived; it was the woman who was deceived and became a sinner. But women will be saved through childbearing—if they continue in faith, love and holiness with propriety.”
- 27. Priscilla: Church Planter & Teacher Teacher Acts 16
- 28. Galatians 3: 26-29 “So in Christ Jesus you are all children of God through faith, for all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.”
- 29. Galatians 3: 26-29 “So in Christ Jesus you are all children of God through faith, for all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.” Colossians 3: 11 “Here there is no Gentile or Jew, circumcised or uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave or free, but Christ is all, and is in all.”
- 30. Galatians 3: 26-29 “So in Christ Jesus you are all children of God through faith, for all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.” Johnny C. “...that is, ye are all One in one mould, even Christ’s... He that was a Greek or Jew, or bond- man yesterday, carries about with him the form, not of an Angel or Archangel, but of the Lord of all, yea, displays in his own person the Christ.”
Editor's Notes
- Or: WELCOME TO THE RAT’S NEST
- So, are men to submit to women as well? Some have argued that this should be, “submitting to authorities…”
- Same idea repeated. John C. points to Abraham submitting to Sarah out of love. He loved her and so did everything she commanded. Jesus submitted to he wishes of many.
- What was the issue here? Universal or local? Johnny C. would say this is universal, i.e. women are of him (husband), for him, and under him. Others ask, is this a corrective to a problem in Ephesus? The husband is viewed as a conduit for his wife. But, 1 Cor all comes from God. Cultural Application? What about slavery below?
- What was the issue here? Paterfamilias? The men didn’t necessarily love their wives. Is Paul making Ephesian corrections? Spends a lot more time correcting the men. TO the Ephesian household. Marriage was not based on love.
- Love is a form of submission. Out of love Jesus submits to his mother & many others (Canaanite woman) Local: Women stop disrespecting your husbands (religious freedom needs responsibility); men learn love. Universal: Treat each other well! When in Rome do as the Romans do.
- Johnny C. declares that Abraham, out of love, submitted to Sarah. Now here’s another problem…
- Written for ancient Ephesian households, which often included slaves. Is this universal? Pastors & theologians pre-Civil War (both N & S) said yes. Paul did not preach liberation (of slaves or women), He preached Christ. Liberation comes in the wake of the kingdom of God. Slavery came by sinful people (John C. points this out), but it is still part of this passage. If we pick and choose from one context we reject the full teaching. Is this a teaching TO a Greco-Roman household, written FOR us? Do we need to be culturally sensitive in our application of the Gospel?
- Now TEACHER! Not just a teacher, but instructing a well educated man. A team effort, instructing a well educated adult male. Notice, she is named first.
- Even John Chrysostom (Homily 30 on Romans) points out that Priscilla was “instructing him in the way of the Lord”, for which he praises her.
- There appears to have been false teachers promoting myths and genealogies.
- Paul is writing on the problems in Ephesus. He is responding to their issues, not necessarily modern ones. What is the problem?
- IS this any different for male disciples? Why? Because this was a problem in Ephesus. John C. “To such a degree should women be silent, that they are not allowed to speak not only about worldly matters, but not even about spiritual things, in the church.” (Wow) See 1 Cor 14 on women’s silence and Ephesians 5 on submission. BTW all disciples are to do this. Why? Religious liberty combined with social ignorance. Also, When in Rome… In light of Priscilla is this a local command, or universal?
- I do not permit? Rewrite! Is this the attitude of all the Apostles? Does inerrancy forbid personal opinions? “To assume authority.”
- Johnny C’s input.
- Two words often translated as “authority”. Exousia is the common word for authority. Authentein has a violent history. Not common in NT.
- “Authentein” I (Paul) do not permit a woman to teach by bullying a man; she must be quiet. Is this a problem? Why this aggression? Aren’t women totally dominated in Roman culture? Well, religious freedom without proper behavior, plus… Was there a female bullying men in Ephesus?
- Here’s an artist’s rendition of her house. One of the seven wonders of the ancient world.
- Artemis killing Actaeon the “Peeping Tom”. Athena in Athens was not anti-male. Corinth had Aphrodite, very friendly to men. Artemis did have a bias against adult males.
- Syncretism: When two or more religions combine teachings. Greek Artemis, Roman Diana, Ancient Magna Mater. Was the heresy mentioned in 1 Tim a Christian syncretism with the Pagan religion? Artemis: Bully. Magna Mater: Matriarchy.
- Was the “False Teaching” that Paul an influence of the state cult? What was the other side of the conversation? Obviously, this is not the only possible interpretation.
- Adam formed first: so what? Cats were made before people. Cats rule! Adam was not deceived: So he sinned willingly and knowingly. That’s better? That might not be the point. Is Paul pointing out a contrast? Artemis was born before Apollo, Paul points out the reverse. Kinda like saying “we’re different”. He points out the woman was deceived. Another blow to the “domineering” woman. Were some of the women demanding the they knew better than men, more spiritually connected, possibly like the pagans?
- A parallel a passage? Here, Eve is an example, not the rule. Don’t be Eve! A message to both male and female. And, in Ephesus, don’t put men down as less connected to God..
- Childbirth was dangerous. Many women died. “Saved” is not about eternal salvation, but safety. Artemis, goddess of midwives, was the protector of women, especially during childbirth. Don’t follow pagan practices, focus on the true God. This looks like a reference to Ephesian cult practices.
- If women are forbidden to teach, then why didn’t Paul correct Priscilla? If teaching under her husband’s authority is okay then why is she named first? If women teaching in private is okay, but not in public where’s the reference and how would that be less dangerous?
- CBMW: We are of equal value (image of God), but hold differing roles. One body of Christ but different parts and roles.
- Commentary on Galatians, Chapter 4. Interesting, he doesn't mention the sexes. Having “clothed yourself with Christ” you now look like him, no matter what you were. Note: This goes well with the platonic notion of the sexless soul.