Health Science 20: Nutrition Overview

1. Nutrition
Health Science 20

2. What is nutrition?
• The science and practice of consuming and utilizing
foods.
• It is the study of nutrients in food, how the body
uses nutrients, and the relationship between diet,
health and disease.
– How different types or quality of food affects our body and
our health.
• Nutrition is a relatively new scientific discipline

3. Importance of good nutrition: Key terms
• Calories- units of heat that measure the energy
used by the body and energy food supplies to the
body
• Nutrients- substances in food that your body needs
to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with
energy

4. How does nutrition contribute to health?
• It is one of the factors that supports wellness
– Wellness: A multidimensional process that includes
physical, emotional, social, occupational, and spiritual
health.
• A proper nutritional diet can decrease the risk or
prevent diseases.
– Poor nutrition is associated with many chronic diseases

5. What Influences Food Choices?
• *Taste is the biggest factor
• Ethnic foods
• Time
• Anything else?

6. Discussion Questions!
• What is your favourite food?
• What foods will you absolutely not eat under any
circumstances?

7. Hunger vs. Appetite
• Hunger- natural physical drive that protects you
from starvation
• Appetite- desire, rather than a need, to eat
Which is hunger,
which is appetite?

8. Food and Emotions
• Do you eat more or less when:
• Stressed
• Frustrated
• Depressed
• Bored

9. Environment and Food Choices
• Family, friends, peers
• Cultural, ethnic background
• Convenience and cost
• Advertising
• Traditional Thanksgiving feast

10. Nutrition Through life
• A healthful and balanced diet throughout life helps one look
good but also feel good
• Prevents weight gain
• Prevents obesity
• Prevents type 2 Diabetes
• Prevents heart disease, stroke, certain cancers, and
osteoporosis

12. https://www.statista.com/statistics/495805/food-and-nutrition-
habits-among-consumers-canada/

13. Nutrients
• Chemicals found in foods that are critical to human growth and
function
• 6 Essential nutrients:
– Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water
Organic Nutrients
(Contains Carbon)
Inorganic Nutrients
(Does not contain Carbon)
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Vitamins
- Water
- Minerals

14. Macronutrients
• Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
• Provide energy
– Energy is measured in kilocalories (kcal)
– 1 gram of carbohydrates or protein = 4 kcal
– 1 gram of fat = 9kcal

15. Micronutrients
• Vitamins and minerals
– Vitamins: Organic compounds (contain C and H)
– Minerals: Inorganic substances (no C or H)
• Assist in the regulation of body functions and are
essential to energy metabolism

16. Water
• Supports all body functions
• Inorganic nutrient