Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are essential for storing and transmitting genetic information in organisms. They are composed of nucleotides, which include a nitrogen base, sugar, and a phosphate group. ATP, a high-energy molecule derived from adenine and ribose, plays a crucial role in energy supply for cellular processes.

1. AP Biology
Nucleic Acids
Information
storage

2. AP Biology
Nucleic Acids
 Function:
 store & transmit genetic information
 Examples:
 RNA (ribonucleic acid) (rRNA, mRNA, tRNA)
 DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
 ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
 Supplies energy for synthetic reactions and for other energy-requiring
processes in cells
 Structure:
 monomers = nucleotides
 Polymers = polynucleotides (DNA, RNA)

3. AP Biology
Nucleotides
 3 parts
 nitrogen base (C-N ring)
 pentose sugar (5C)
 ribose in RNA
 deoxyribose in DNA
 phosphate (PO4) group

4. AP Biology
RNA & DNA
 RNA
 single nucleotide chain
 DNA
 double nucleotide chain
 N bases bond in pairs
across chains
 spiraled in a double helix

5. AP Biology
Nitrogenous Base

6. AP Biology
Nucleic polymer
 Backbone
 sugar to PO4 bond
 new base added to sugar of previous base
 polymer grows in one direction
 N bases hang off the
sugar-phosphate backbone
PHOSPHODIESTER LINKAGE

7. AP Biology
ATP
 Adenosine triphosphate
 Adenosine
 Composed of adenine and ribose
 Triphosphate
 3 phosphate groups attached to
each other and the ribose
 ATP = High energy molecule
-supplies energy for muscle contraction and
nerve impulses
 ADP = Lower energy molecule (diphosphate)
+
+

8. AP Biology
Nucleic acids
 Structure / monomer
 nucleotide
 Function
 information storage
& transfer
 Examples
 DNA, RNA

9. AP Biology
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