This document discusses conflict of interest in research and publication. It begins with an introduction to conflict of interest and defines it as a situation where private interests compete with professional responsibilities. It then discusses various types of conflict of interest including financial interests, political/religious interests, personal relationships, institutional affiliations, and academic beliefs. It also outlines the responsibilities of journals, editors, reviewers, and authors in disclosing and managing conflicts of interest. Finally, it presents three case studies on undisclosed conflicts of interest in published research.
Artificial intelligence has applications in tracking plant diseases through computer vision and image recognition techniques. Deep learning algorithms like convolutional neural networks can analyze images of diseased and healthy plants to accurately detect various diseases. Case studies showed AI methods achieving over 80% accuracy in identifying diseases of banana, rice, tomato and grapes. AI is being used with sensors and drones to monitor field conditions and detect diseases early for improved crop management.
This document provides an overview of international seed certification scenarios in several countries. It discusses the seed certification processes and organizations in Denmark, Holland, USA, Australia, Canada, South Africa, India, and at the international level with organizations like OECD and ISTA. The key details provided include the government agencies and laws regulating seed certification in each country, as well as the classes of seeds, inspection procedures, certification standards, and roles of international standard-setting bodies.
The document summarizes the insect nervous system. It describes how the nervous system is responsible for coordinating the insect's behavior through axonic and synaptic conduction between neurons. The central nervous system contains a brain and ventral nerve cord with ganglia. Sensory neurons detect stimuli and motor neurons transmit signals to muscles. Neurotransmitters and insecticides can act on different targets in the synaptic cleft to disrupt signaling. In summary, the insect nervous system allows for coordinated behavior through transmission of electrical impulses between neurons in the central nervous system and to muscles.
This document summarizes the tanning process of cockroach ootheca (egg cases). It explains that the female cockroach carries the ootheca until the eggs hatch. The ootheca hardens through a natural tanning process where secretions from the left and right collateral glands of the female interact. The left gland secretes structural protein and an enzyme, while the right gland secretes an acid. When mixed, the acid is released and oxidized to form quinone, which cross-links the protein molecules, hardening the ootheca into a protective sclerotin casing. A schematic representation is provided to illustrate the interaction of secretions from the two glands during tanning.
Mr. Sabhavat Srinivasnaik presented on measurements of food utilization by phytophagous insects. There are two main methods for measuring food utilization - the gravimetric method and calorimetric method. The gravimetric method involves measuring food intake, weight gain of the insect, and fecal production to calculate various nutritional indices like consumption index, growth rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, and approximate digestibility. The calorimetric method uses indicators like chromium oxide that are added to the food and then measured in the feces and insect body to determine food absorption. A case study was presented and conclusions discussed the importance of understanding nutrient concentrations and plant resistance mechanisms for insect rearing and
In this presentation I am explaining the different reproductive strategies in Insects and fitness, clutch size, reproductive competition in parasitoids
This document discusses conflict of interest in research and publication. It begins with an introduction to conflict of interest and defines it as a situation where private interests compete with professional responsibilities. It then discusses various types of conflict of interest including financial interests, political/religious interests, personal relationships, institutional affiliations, and academic beliefs. It also outlines the responsibilities of journals, editors, reviewers, and authors in disclosing and managing conflicts of interest. Finally, it presents three case studies on undisclosed conflicts of interest in published research.
Artificial intelligence has applications in tracking plant diseases through computer vision and image recognition techniques. Deep learning algorithms like convolutional neural networks can analyze images of diseased and healthy plants to accurately detect various diseases. Case studies showed AI methods achieving over 80% accuracy in identifying diseases of banana, rice, tomato and grapes. AI is being used with sensors and drones to monitor field conditions and detect diseases early for improved crop management.
This document provides an overview of international seed certification scenarios in several countries. It discusses the seed certification processes and organizations in Denmark, Holland, USA, Australia, Canada, South Africa, India, and at the international level with organizations like OECD and ISTA. The key details provided include the government agencies and laws regulating seed certification in each country, as well as the classes of seeds, inspection procedures, certification standards, and roles of international standard-setting bodies.
The document summarizes the insect nervous system. It describes how the nervous system is responsible for coordinating the insect's behavior through axonic and synaptic conduction between neurons. The central nervous system contains a brain and ventral nerve cord with ganglia. Sensory neurons detect stimuli and motor neurons transmit signals to muscles. Neurotransmitters and insecticides can act on different targets in the synaptic cleft to disrupt signaling. In summary, the insect nervous system allows for coordinated behavior through transmission of electrical impulses between neurons in the central nervous system and to muscles.
This document summarizes the tanning process of cockroach ootheca (egg cases). It explains that the female cockroach carries the ootheca until the eggs hatch. The ootheca hardens through a natural tanning process where secretions from the left and right collateral glands of the female interact. The left gland secretes structural protein and an enzyme, while the right gland secretes an acid. When mixed, the acid is released and oxidized to form quinone, which cross-links the protein molecules, hardening the ootheca into a protective sclerotin casing. A schematic representation is provided to illustrate the interaction of secretions from the two glands during tanning.
Mr. Sabhavat Srinivasnaik presented on measurements of food utilization by phytophagous insects. There are two main methods for measuring food utilization - the gravimetric method and calorimetric method. The gravimetric method involves measuring food intake, weight gain of the insect, and fecal production to calculate various nutritional indices like consumption index, growth rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested food, and approximate digestibility. The calorimetric method uses indicators like chromium oxide that are added to the food and then measured in the feces and insect body to determine food absorption. A case study was presented and conclusions discussed the importance of understanding nutrient concentrations and plant resistance mechanisms for insect rearing and
In this presentation I am explaining the different reproductive strategies in Insects and fitness, clutch size, reproductive competition in parasitoids
This document discusses the impact of invasive alien crop pests on Indian agriculture over the last four years (2018-2022). It describes five major invasive pests that have affected agriculture in India during this period: [1] The rugose spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus rugioperculatus) which infested coconut, banana, and other crops; [2] Bondar's nesting whitefly (Paraleyrodes bondari); [3] The neotropical whitefly (Aleurotrachelus atratus); [4] The woolly whitefly (Aleurothrixus floccosus); and [5] The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiper
This document discusses insect behaviour and concepts related to behavioural manipulation as potential tools for pest management. It begins with an introduction to behavioural manipulation methods and the concept of super-normal stimuli. It then covers different types of stimuli insects respond to including chemical stimuli like sex pheromones, host plant volatiles, visual stimuli, and tactile stimuli. Applications of behavioural manipulation methods like monitoring, mass trapping, mating disruption and attract-and-kill are described. The document concludes by discussing future strategies for behavioural manipulation in pest management.
The entomopathogenic bacteria is isolated from insect cadavers or soil samples by heat treating the samples to kill vegetative cells and enrich for bacterial spores, plating the samples on growth media to obtain isolated colonies, and transferring colonies to liquid culture. The bacteria is mass cultured in flasks containing UG medium on an orbital shaker to induce sporulation and production of parasporal crystals. The spores and crystals are harvested through centrifugation, washing, and resuspension in water or saline for use in bioassays or storage.
This document provides an overview of biopesticides and their classification. It defines biopesticides according to the USEPA and European Union as naturally occurring substances or microorganisms that control pests. It then classifies common biopesticide types as insect viruses, bacteria, entomopathogenic fungi, entomopathogenic nematodes, and other microorganisms. Specifically, it outlines commonly used insect viruses like NPV and GV, the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, and fungal agents like Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae.
The document discusses various constraints in biopesticide production and possible solutions. Strict hygiene, skilled staff, proper identification of pathogens, separate facilities for host culture and pathogen production, sustained production methods, prevention of microbial infections, quality monitoring, proper spraying techniques, awareness of farmers, promotion among dealers, and increased availability would help address current constraints in biopesticide production.
This document discusses three methods of quality control for biopesticides:
1. Counting infective propagules using a hemocytometer under a microscope.
2. Conducting bioefficacy tests by exposing insects to treated plants or diets and observing mortality.
3. Assessing shelf life over 6 months through repeated bioefficacy tests and propagule counting. Quality control ensures biopesticides remain effective for pest control.
1. The document discusses precautionary approaches in the application and usage of biopesticides.
2. Biopesticides must be protected from environmental conditions to effectively control pests by having their active ingredients reach the target insect.
3. Precautions include mixing biopesticide formulations with jaggery or surfactants to protect them from UV rays, spraying in morning/afternoon for the same reason, checking expiration dates, and using protective equipment for safety.
This document provides information about a lecture on botanical biopesticides and biorational pesticides. It discusses various plant species that have pesticidal properties, including neem, pyrethrum, rotenone, and nicotine. It explains how botanical extracts like these work as insecticides, often through antifeedant, repellent or toxic effects. The lecture also covers insect growth regulators that can be used as biorational pesticides, such as juvenoids and compounds that inhibit juvenile hormone biosynthesis.
This document discusses the symptoms caused by different types of entomopathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes, protozoa, and rickettsiae. It describes how these pathogens affect insects through reduced feeding and activity, disintegration of tissues, production of spores or hyphae on the exterior of the insect, and other symptoms. The document also lists desirable attributes for entomopathogens used as biopesticides, such as high virulence, host specificity, safety to non-target organisms, and cost-effective mass production.
This document provides information about microbial biopesticides, specifically entomopathogenic bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It begins with an introduction to microbial control and defines entomopathogens. It then discusses the history, classification, mode of action, symptoms, and target pests of entomopathogenic bacteria including Bacillus thuringiensis. Next, it covers entomopathogenic viruses including classification, examples, and mode of action. Finally, it summarizes entomopathogenic fungi including some of the most common types, their history of use, mode of action, and toxins produced.
This document provides an overview and classification of biopesticides. It discusses how globalization and sustainable agriculture have increased the importance of using biological pest control methods. It then classifies biopesticides into four categories: (1) microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and nematodes used for insect control, (2) botanical pesticides derived from plants, (3) biorational pesticides that regulate insect growth, and (4) genetically modified crops containing genes from Bacillus thuringiensis that code for insecticidal proteins. Specific examples are given for commonly used biopesticides in each category.
1. The document provides definitions and terminology related to biopesticides and biofertilizers from the USEPA and European Union.
2. Key terminology in insect pathology includes entomopathogen, insect pathology, infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence, and more.
3. Robert Koch's postulates for establishing the causal agent of a disease involving microorganisms are described.
4. Diagnosis in insect pathology involves distinguishing one disease from another by studying etiology, symptomatology, pathogenesis and more.
1) The history of biopesticides began in the 17th century when plant extracts like nicotine were used to control pests. 2) In the 1830s, scientists discovered that fungi like Beauveria bassiana and microsporidians like Nosema bombycis could be used as pathogens against insects. 3) In the early 20th century, Bacillus thuringiensis was discovered and developed into the most widely used biopesticide today.
This document discusses different pollinators, weed killers, and scavengers. It provides examples of insects that act as weed killers, including Zygogramma bicolorata which kills Parthenium hysterophorus, Crytobagus singularis which kills Salvinia molesta, and Neochetina bruchi and Neochetina eichorniae which kill water hyacinth. It also mentions Ophiomyia lantane and Telenomia scrupulosa as insects that kill Lanatana camara. The document concludes with brief mentions of rove beetles, chafer beetles, darkeling beetles, ptinid beetles, dermestid beetles,
1. The document discusses parasitoids and predators as components of biological control. It defines biological control as the successful management of pests through other living organisms like parasitoids, predators, and pathogens.
2. Parasitoids are insects that feed on other insects or arthropods during their larval stage, then emerge as free-living adults. Predators catch and consume other organisms, feeding throughout their lifecycle.
3. Examples of institutions working in biological control include NBAIR, NCIPM, NIPHM, SAUs, IOBC, CIBC, UCR, and ICIPE.
This document provides information on lac insect biology, behavior, host plants, cultivation methods, and enemies. It discusses that lac insects secrete resin and are exploited for resin, dye, and wax products. Lac cultivation supports livelihoods and conserves forests. India is a major producer of lac. The document outlines the life cycle and characteristics of lac insect species. It also describes methods for lac cultivation, inoculation, cropping, processing, and control of lac insect enemies.
1) The document discusses pests and diseases that affect silkworms, including parasitoids like the Indian uzi fly (Exorista bombycis), which lays eggs on silkworms.
2) It also discusses viral diseases like nuclear polyhedrosis virus and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus, which cause symptoms like sluggishness and loss of appetite in silkworms.
3) Bacterial diseases discussed are flacherie, caused by streptococci and staphylococci bacteria, and fungal diseases like white muscardine caused by the fungus Beauveria bassiana. The document provides details on the life cycles, symptoms and control measures of these pests
The document provides information about mounting and harvesting of silkworm cocoons. It is a lecture by Mr. S. Srinivasnaik, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Entomology. The lecture number and course details are also included.
Mr. S. Srinivasnaik will give Lecture No. 13 on the topic of pests and diseases of silkworms. The lecture is part of the course ENTO 332 (1+1): Management of Beneficial Insects. The references listed cover topics including bees and bee keeping in India, elements of economic entomology, an introduction to sericulture, biological pest suppression, lac culture in India, appropriate sericulture techniques, silkworm rearing, honeybees and their management in India, mulberry cultivation, and introduction to lac and lac culture. Marks will be allotted for a mid semester exam, final practical exam, class work including records, observation notes and attendance, assignments including
This document provides information about grainage facilities and procedures for producing disease-free silkworm eggs on a large scale. Key points include: Grainages produce industrial seeds/eggs for commercial rearing; They are located in cooler areas and have facilities for rearing parental cocoons, sex separation, egg laying and storage; Procedures include rearing parental cocoons, synchronizing moth emergence, separating sexes, pairing and oviposition, and examining mothers for disease; Eggs are processed by soaking, salting to remove infertile eggs, and disinfection before packing. Chawki or young age rearing involves brushing, feeding tender leaves, maintaining optimal temperature and humidity, and increasing bed space as larvae
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
This document discusses the impact of invasive alien crop pests on Indian agriculture over the last four years (2018-2022). It describes five major invasive pests that have affected agriculture in India during this period: [1] The rugose spiraling whitefly (Aleurodicus rugioperculatus) which infested coconut, banana, and other crops; [2] Bondar's nesting whitefly (Paraleyrodes bondari); [3] The neotropical whitefly (Aleurotrachelus atratus); [4] The woolly whitefly (Aleurothrixus floccosus); and [5] The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiper
This document discusses insect behaviour and concepts related to behavioural manipulation as potential tools for pest management. It begins with an introduction to behavioural manipulation methods and the concept of super-normal stimuli. It then covers different types of stimuli insects respond to including chemical stimuli like sex pheromones, host plant volatiles, visual stimuli, and tactile stimuli. Applications of behavioural manipulation methods like monitoring, mass trapping, mating disruption and attract-and-kill are described. The document concludes by discussing future strategies for behavioural manipulation in pest management.
The entomopathogenic bacteria is isolated from insect cadavers or soil samples by heat treating the samples to kill vegetative cells and enrich for bacterial spores, plating the samples on growth media to obtain isolated colonies, and transferring colonies to liquid culture. The bacteria is mass cultured in flasks containing UG medium on an orbital shaker to induce sporulation and production of parasporal crystals. The spores and crystals are harvested through centrifugation, washing, and resuspension in water or saline for use in bioassays or storage.
This document provides an overview of biopesticides and their classification. It defines biopesticides according to the USEPA and European Union as naturally occurring substances or microorganisms that control pests. It then classifies common biopesticide types as insect viruses, bacteria, entomopathogenic fungi, entomopathogenic nematodes, and other microorganisms. Specifically, it outlines commonly used insect viruses like NPV and GV, the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis, and fungal agents like Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae.
The document discusses various constraints in biopesticide production and possible solutions. Strict hygiene, skilled staff, proper identification of pathogens, separate facilities for host culture and pathogen production, sustained production methods, prevention of microbial infections, quality monitoring, proper spraying techniques, awareness of farmers, promotion among dealers, and increased availability would help address current constraints in biopesticide production.
This document discusses three methods of quality control for biopesticides:
1. Counting infective propagules using a hemocytometer under a microscope.
2. Conducting bioefficacy tests by exposing insects to treated plants or diets and observing mortality.
3. Assessing shelf life over 6 months through repeated bioefficacy tests and propagule counting. Quality control ensures biopesticides remain effective for pest control.
1. The document discusses precautionary approaches in the application and usage of biopesticides.
2. Biopesticides must be protected from environmental conditions to effectively control pests by having their active ingredients reach the target insect.
3. Precautions include mixing biopesticide formulations with jaggery or surfactants to protect them from UV rays, spraying in morning/afternoon for the same reason, checking expiration dates, and using protective equipment for safety.
This document provides information about a lecture on botanical biopesticides and biorational pesticides. It discusses various plant species that have pesticidal properties, including neem, pyrethrum, rotenone, and nicotine. It explains how botanical extracts like these work as insecticides, often through antifeedant, repellent or toxic effects. The lecture also covers insect growth regulators that can be used as biorational pesticides, such as juvenoids and compounds that inhibit juvenile hormone biosynthesis.
This document discusses the symptoms caused by different types of entomopathogenic microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes, protozoa, and rickettsiae. It describes how these pathogens affect insects through reduced feeding and activity, disintegration of tissues, production of spores or hyphae on the exterior of the insect, and other symptoms. The document also lists desirable attributes for entomopathogens used as biopesticides, such as high virulence, host specificity, safety to non-target organisms, and cost-effective mass production.
This document provides information about microbial biopesticides, specifically entomopathogenic bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It begins with an introduction to microbial control and defines entomopathogens. It then discusses the history, classification, mode of action, symptoms, and target pests of entomopathogenic bacteria including Bacillus thuringiensis. Next, it covers entomopathogenic viruses including classification, examples, and mode of action. Finally, it summarizes entomopathogenic fungi including some of the most common types, their history of use, mode of action, and toxins produced.
This document provides an overview and classification of biopesticides. It discusses how globalization and sustainable agriculture have increased the importance of using biological pest control methods. It then classifies biopesticides into four categories: (1) microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and nematodes used for insect control, (2) botanical pesticides derived from plants, (3) biorational pesticides that regulate insect growth, and (4) genetically modified crops containing genes from Bacillus thuringiensis that code for insecticidal proteins. Specific examples are given for commonly used biopesticides in each category.
1. The document provides definitions and terminology related to biopesticides and biofertilizers from the USEPA and European Union.
2. Key terminology in insect pathology includes entomopathogen, insect pathology, infectivity, pathogenicity, virulence, and more.
3. Robert Koch's postulates for establishing the causal agent of a disease involving microorganisms are described.
4. Diagnosis in insect pathology involves distinguishing one disease from another by studying etiology, symptomatology, pathogenesis and more.
1) The history of biopesticides began in the 17th century when plant extracts like nicotine were used to control pests. 2) In the 1830s, scientists discovered that fungi like Beauveria bassiana and microsporidians like Nosema bombycis could be used as pathogens against insects. 3) In the early 20th century, Bacillus thuringiensis was discovered and developed into the most widely used biopesticide today.
This document discusses different pollinators, weed killers, and scavengers. It provides examples of insects that act as weed killers, including Zygogramma bicolorata which kills Parthenium hysterophorus, Crytobagus singularis which kills Salvinia molesta, and Neochetina bruchi and Neochetina eichorniae which kill water hyacinth. It also mentions Ophiomyia lantane and Telenomia scrupulosa as insects that kill Lanatana camara. The document concludes with brief mentions of rove beetles, chafer beetles, darkeling beetles, ptinid beetles, dermestid beetles,
1. The document discusses parasitoids and predators as components of biological control. It defines biological control as the successful management of pests through other living organisms like parasitoids, predators, and pathogens.
2. Parasitoids are insects that feed on other insects or arthropods during their larval stage, then emerge as free-living adults. Predators catch and consume other organisms, feeding throughout their lifecycle.
3. Examples of institutions working in biological control include NBAIR, NCIPM, NIPHM, SAUs, IOBC, CIBC, UCR, and ICIPE.
This document provides information on lac insect biology, behavior, host plants, cultivation methods, and enemies. It discusses that lac insects secrete resin and are exploited for resin, dye, and wax products. Lac cultivation supports livelihoods and conserves forests. India is a major producer of lac. The document outlines the life cycle and characteristics of lac insect species. It also describes methods for lac cultivation, inoculation, cropping, processing, and control of lac insect enemies.
1) The document discusses pests and diseases that affect silkworms, including parasitoids like the Indian uzi fly (Exorista bombycis), which lays eggs on silkworms.
2) It also discusses viral diseases like nuclear polyhedrosis virus and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus, which cause symptoms like sluggishness and loss of appetite in silkworms.
3) Bacterial diseases discussed are flacherie, caused by streptococci and staphylococci bacteria, and fungal diseases like white muscardine caused by the fungus Beauveria bassiana. The document provides details on the life cycles, symptoms and control measures of these pests
The document provides information about mounting and harvesting of silkworm cocoons. It is a lecture by Mr. S. Srinivasnaik, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Entomology. The lecture number and course details are also included.
Mr. S. Srinivasnaik will give Lecture No. 13 on the topic of pests and diseases of silkworms. The lecture is part of the course ENTO 332 (1+1): Management of Beneficial Insects. The references listed cover topics including bees and bee keeping in India, elements of economic entomology, an introduction to sericulture, biological pest suppression, lac culture in India, appropriate sericulture techniques, silkworm rearing, honeybees and their management in India, mulberry cultivation, and introduction to lac and lac culture. Marks will be allotted for a mid semester exam, final practical exam, class work including records, observation notes and attendance, assignments including
This document provides information about grainage facilities and procedures for producing disease-free silkworm eggs on a large scale. Key points include: Grainages produce industrial seeds/eggs for commercial rearing; They are located in cooler areas and have facilities for rearing parental cocoons, sex separation, egg laying and storage; Procedures include rearing parental cocoons, synchronizing moth emergence, separating sexes, pairing and oviposition, and examining mothers for disease; Eggs are processed by soaking, salting to remove infertile eggs, and disinfection before packing. Chawki or young age rearing involves brushing, feeding tender leaves, maintaining optimal temperature and humidity, and increasing bed space as larvae
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Nucleophilic Addition of carbonyl compounds.pptxSSR02
Nucleophilic addition is the most important reaction of carbonyls. Not just aldehydes and ketones, but also carboxylic acid derivatives in general.
Carbonyls undergo addition reactions with a large range of nucleophiles.
Comparing the relative basicity of the nucleophile and the product is extremely helpful in determining how reversible the addition reaction is. Reactions with Grignards and hydrides are irreversible. Reactions with weak bases like halides and carboxylates generally don’t happen.
Electronic effects (inductive effects, electron donation) have a large impact on reactivity.
Large groups adjacent to the carbonyl will slow the rate of reaction.
Neutral nucleophiles can also add to carbonyls, although their additions are generally slower and more reversible. Acid catalysis is sometimes employed to increase the rate of addition.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
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Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html