This document discusses laws around piracy, arbitrary detention, and the rights of accused individuals under custodial investigation. It defines piracy under PD 532 as being committed by any person including vessel crew members, while piracy under Article 122 is committed by outsiders. It also notes that PD 532 has qualifying circumstances beyond just murder, rape, homicide, and physical injuries. The document outlines remedies for individuals subjected to warrantless arrest, including requesting a preliminary investigation or submitting to an inquest to determine if continued custody is warranted. Public officers can be held liable for delays in delivering detained persons to judicial authorities.

1. The essence of piracyisbeinga robbery
PiracyunderPD 532 iscommittedbyanypersonincludingthe crew of the vessel. UnderArt122 is
committedbyoutsiders.
Pd 532 qualifyingcircumstancesunderthislaw includesothercrimesotherthanmurder, rape,
homicide,andphysical injuries.
CRIMES AGAINSTTHE FUNDAMENTALLAW OF THE STATES
1, Arbitrarydetention
The detentionisunlawful becausethere isnowarrantof arrest and there isno lawful cause for
detentionasprovidedinthe rulesonrevised criminalprocedures.
NO warrantof arrestbut there isa legal groundfor the arrest,art 125
Detentionbecomesarbitrarywhenthe time tofile chargeslapses. There isalegal cause forthe arrest
withoutwarrant.
Delivermeansthe filingof the correctinformationwiththe propercourtforconstructive delivery.
Ra 7438 rights of the accused under custodial investigation
The individual subjectedtowarrantlessarrestisnotwithoutadequate remediesinthe ordinarycourse
of law.
Such individual may askfor preliminaryinvestigationunderrule 112,where he may adduce evidence in
hisdefense. Orhe submithimself toinquestproceedingstodetermine whetherornothe should
remainundercustodyandcorrespondinglybe chargedincourt.Furtherhe mustbe deliveredtojudicial
authorities withinthe periodsprovidedbylaw.Otherwisethe publicofficercouldbe heldliablefordelay
inthe deliveryof detainedpersons. If the arrestee isdetainedwihoutlegal groundsthe arrestingofficer
can be chargedwitharbitrarydetention.
All thisiswithoutprejudicetothe filingof civil damagesagainstthe arrestingofficer.
Rule 126
The warrant of arrestis issueduponprobable cause inconnectionwithone specificoffesetobe
determinedpersonallybe the judge afterexaminationunderoathoraffirmationof the complainantand
the witnesseshe mayproduce.