Computer networks allow computers to be connected and share information. They are used for communication, sharing devices and files, and accessing information remotely. The goals of computer networks are to share resources between computers, ensure performance and reliability, increase scalability, and provide security. Computer networks use hardware like network interface cards, servers, routers, and cables to transmit data and software like network operating systems and protocols to facilitate communication. Early computer networks included ARPANET, which served as the basis for the modern Internet.
Cable is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another. There are several types of cable which are commonly used with LANs
Cable is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another. There are several types of cable which are commonly used with LANs
A computer network is a group of computers that use a set of common communication protocols over digital interconnections for the purpose of sharing resources located on or provided by the network nodes.
This is a notes about Cables & Connectors of computer networks. It contain details about the information of different types of cables- twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber optical cable, crossover cable , straight through cable, STP/UTP cables & about their connectors.
This note is about Cables & Connectors of computer networks. It contains detailed information on different types of cables- Coaxial Cable, Twisted Pair Cable, and Fiber Optic Cable.
A computer network is a group of computers that use a set of common communication protocols over digital interconnections for the purpose of sharing resources located on or provided by the network nodes.
This is a notes about Cables & Connectors of computer networks. It contain details about the information of different types of cables- twisted pair cable, coaxial cable, fiber optical cable, crossover cable , straight through cable, STP/UTP cables & about their connectors.
This note is about Cables & Connectors of computer networks. It contains detailed information on different types of cables- Coaxial Cable, Twisted Pair Cable, and Fiber Optic Cable.
Introduction to Computer Networks: Basic concept of Computer networks Goals o...MostafizurRahmanMonn
Acomputer networkis a set ofcomputersconnected together for the purpose of sharing resources. The most common resource shared today is a connection to the Internet. Other shared resources can include a printer or a file server. The Internet itself can be considered a computer network
Web application security is the process of protecting websites and online services against different security threats that exploit vulnerabilities in an application’s code . Common targets for web application attacks are content management systems Web application security is important to any business as it helps to keep web applications functioning smoothly and protect businesses from cyber vandalism, data theft, unethical competition, and other negative consequences . Web applications may face a number of attack types depending on the attacker’s goals, the nature of the targeted organization’s work. A web application (web app) is an application program that is stored on a remote server and delivered over the internet through a browser interface. Web services are web apps by definition and many, although not all, websites contain web apps.
"This presentation was created through wide-ranged research and is intended specially for everyone interested in network technology".
-BRIAN S. CUNAL
KALINGA-APAYAO STATE COLLEGE
IT Instructor.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Water Industry Process Automation and Control Monthly - May 2024.pdf
Note 01
1. NOTE-01
Topic: Basic concept of computer
networks goal.
Course Code: CSE-317
Course Title: Computer Networks Theory
Submitted To
Pranab Bandhu Nath
Senior Lecturer, Department of CSE
City University
Submitted By
Md.Mejbah Uddin Rafi
BSc in CSE (Day)
Batch: 49th
(B)
ID: 1834902584
2. What is computer network?
Computer networks are the basis of communication in IT. They are used
in a huge variety of ways and can include many different types of
network. A computer network is a set of computers that are connected
together so that they can share information.
What Do Networks Do?
Computer networks are used to carry out a large number of tasks
through the sharing of information.
Some of the things that networks are used for include:
Communicating using email, video, instant messaging and other
methods.
Sharing devices such as printers, scanners and photocopiers
Sharing files.
Sharing software and operating programs on remote systems.
Allowing network users to easily access and maintain information.
Goals of Computer Networks:
1. Sharing Resource from one computer to another computer over a
network.
2. Performance by measuring the speed of data transmission with
number of users ,connectivity and the software used.
3. Reliability makes easy to use an alternative source for data
communication in case of hardware failure or connectivity issues.
3. 4.Scalability increases the system performance by adding more
processors.
5.Security is the main characteristics of computer network where you
can take necessary steps for protecting your data from unauthorized
access.
Application Of Computer Network
• Bussiness Applications
• Communication Medium
• e-commerce
• Home Applications
• Electrinic commerce
• Mobile users
There are 2 types of network applications:
1. Pure network applications
2. Standalone network application
Pure Network Applications
1. Email Programs
2. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
3. Terminal Emulation (TELNET)
4. Groupware
Groupware
#.Video Conferencing
4. #.Chatting
Stand Alone Applications
These are applications that run on stand-alone computers (computers not
connected to any other). In order to extend their activity, they are rebuilt
to run on network environments, e.g., word processors, spreadsheets,
and database management systems. They function even when the
computer is offline.
Arpanet
• Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET)
ARPANET was the network that became the basis for the Internet.
Based on a concept first published in 1967, ARPANET was developed
under the direction of the U.S. Advanced Research Projects Agency
(ARPA). In 1969, the idea became a modest reality with the
interconnection of four university computers. The initial purpose was to
communicate with and share computer resources among mainly
scientific users at the connected institutions. ARPANET took advantage
of the new idea of sending information in small units called packets that
could be routed on different paths and reconstructed at their destination.
The development of the TCP/IP protocols in the 1970s made it possible
to expand the size of the network, which now had become a network of
networks, in an orderly way.
Network Hardware & Software
There are three component of computer network:
1. Hardware Equipment
2. Software
3. Cables and Connectors
5. Hardware
NIC
A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component without which
a computer cannot be connected over a network. It is a circuit board
installed in a computer that provides a dedicated network connection to
the computer.
Server
A server is a computer or system that provides resources, data, services,
or programs to other computers, known as clients, over a network. In
theory, whenever computers share resources with client machines they
are considered servers
Peer
In networking, a peer is a node that provides the same functionality as
another.
Transmission
A transmission is a machine in a power transmission system, which
provides controlled application of power.
Medium
Medium is a open platform where readers find dynamic thinking,and
where expert and undiscovered voices can share there writing on any
type.
Router
The router is a physical or virtual internetworking device that is
designed to receive, analyze, and forward data packets between
computer networks.
Bridge
6. A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle, such as a body
of water, valley, or road, without closing the way underneath. It is
constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle,
usually something that is otherwise difficult or impossible to cross
HUB
A hub is a common connection point, also known as a network hub,
which is used for connection of devices in a network. It works as a
central connection for all the devices that are connected through a hub.
Switch
A network switch is networking hardware that connects devices on a
computer network by using packet switching to receive and forward data
to the destination device.
Gateway
A gateway is a piece of networking hardware or software used in
telecommunications for telecommunications networks that allows data to
flow from one discrete network to another.
Repeater
a repeater is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits
it. Repeaters are used to extend transmissions so that the signal can
cover longer distances or be received on the other side of an obstruction.
Software
Network operating System
7. A network operating system (NOS) is a computer operating system (OS)
that is designed primarily to support workstations, personal computers
and, in some instances, older terminals that are connected on a local area
network (LAN). The software behind a NOS allows multiple devices
within a network to communicate and share resources with each other.
Protocols Switches
TCP/IP
TCP/IP helps you to determine how a specific computer should be
connected to the internet and how you can transmit data between them.
It helps you to create a virtual network when multiple computer
networks are connected together
OSI
The OSI Model is a logical and conceptual model that defines network
communication used by systems open to interconnection and
communication with other systems. The Open System Interconnection
(OSI Model) also defines a logical network and effectively describes
computer packet transfer by using various layers of protocols
Cables And Connectors
Twisted Pair cable
A twisted pair cable comprises of two separate insulated copper wires,
which are twisted together and run in parallel. The copper wires are
typically 1mm in diameter. One of the wires is used to transmit data and
the other is the ground reference.
Coaxial cable
8. Coaxial cable, or coax (pronounced /ˈkoʊ.æks/) is a type of electrical
cable consisting of an inner conductor surrounded by a concentric
conducting shield, with the two separated by a dielectric.
Fiber-optic Cable
A fiber-optic cable, also known as an optical-fiber cable, is an assembly
similar to an electrical cable, but containing one or more optical fibers
that are used to carry light.
Reference:
1. https://www.fieldengineer.com/blogs/what-is-a-computer-network
2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/goals-of-networks
3. https://turbofuture.com/computers/Network-
Application#:~:text=Computer%20network%20applications%20are%20
network,to%20another%20within%20the%20network.
4. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/what-is-network-interface-card-nic
5. https://www.paessler.com/it-explained/server
6. https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/peer