The document outlines practical applications of Node.js for building web and CMS applications using JavaScript. It covers various projects such as 'Bike-Me-Now' for bike sharing, 'Salsadelphia' for salsa events, and a web crawler called 'Orbweaver', along with tools like 'express' for server management and 'browserify' for using Node.js in the browser. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of asynchronous programming and middleware, while providing links to source code and additional resources.