This document is a letter to the editor of the Argus newspaper responding to a previous letter criticizing a series of lectures on the age of the earth. The author of this letter disagrees with some of the claims made in the previous letter and criticizes the lectures themselves for attempting to reconcile geological facts with a literal interpretation of the book of Genesis, which the author sees as an unscientific approach. The author praises the previous letter for pointing out the shortcomings of the lectures and argues scientific teachings should be honest, thorough, and fearless rather than shallow and evasive.
Researches the phenomena of spiritualism william crookescienciaspsiquicas
This document discusses the need for scientific investigation of spiritualism phenomena. It notes that while certain phenomena like moving objects occur under conditions that cannot be explained by physical laws, more rigorous testing is needed before determining causes. The author will investigate with an open mind but without preconceived notions. Scientific standards of accuracy and test conditions have often not been met in spiritualism research. Instrumental aids can supplement human senses and provide more reliable evidence. Future investigations should utilize delicate scientific instruments and meet high standards of testing before conclusions can be drawn.
This document discusses William Crookes' experimental investigation into phenomena associated with spiritualism. It summarizes his previous calls for scientific testing and measurement of reported phenomena. Crookes has since conducted experiments with Daniel Dunglas Home, a powerful "medium." The experiments appear to establish the existence of a new psychic force connected to the human body. Crookes will publish the results of applying careful scientific tests to further understand this phenomenon.
In Darwin's Own Words: Using the Web to Combat Creationist Quote-Miningdarwinsbulldog
The document contains several quotes from Charles Darwin that creationists have taken out of context to argue against evolution. However, when viewed in their full context, Darwin's words do not present weaknesses in evolution but rather acknowledge gaps in scientific understanding at the time and the tentative nature of new scientific theories. The document also discusses how critics of evolution in the late 19th century selectively quoted figures like Thomas Huxley and John Tyndall to make it seem like leading scientists were abandoning evolution, when in fact they still supported the theory.
The document discusses and critiques the practice of quote mining, which is taking quotes out of context to distort their intended meaning. It provides several examples of quotes from scientific literature that have been mined to imply disagreement or controversy around evolution among scientists. However, when viewed in their full context it is clear the quotes do not undermine the scientific consensus on evolution but rather reflect ongoing discussion and debate within the field.
eBook of The Evolution Of Man Scientifically Disproved, by William A_ WilliamsUsername22
This document provides a lengthy introduction and overview of arguments against the theory of evolution, specifically as it relates to human origins. It begins by establishing the need to critically examine new hypotheses with an open mind, while also rejecting theories that are untrue or harmful. The document then outlines different theories of evolution and defines the terms that will be used. It indicates that the document will present 50 arguments against human evolution from a scientific standpoint, examining the evidence and facts. The summary focuses on the high-level structure and purpose, without delving into the specific arguments presented.
The document outlines an individual's belief that the Earth is flat, despite being taught as a child that the Earth is a sphere. The author views their flat Earth belief as the starting point of an ongoing search for truth and certainty. They acknowledge that the flat Earth view is unpopular and contradicted by mainstream science, but argue that the spherical Earth model has been accepted without sufficient direct evidence or investigation of alternatives. The author advocates for an empirical, experience-based approach to understanding the world.
This document provides an overview and summary of Edwin D. Babbitt's book "The Principles of Light and Color". It begins by noting that while the artist created many beautiful colors in Plate I, some features were not fully accurate and some colors were too bright. It then provides a brief summary of the contents and chapters of Babbitt's book, which explores harmonic laws of the universe, deficiencies in theories of light and force, an etherio-atomic philosophy of force, and sources of light. It concludes by acknowledging those who helped produce the book's colored plates and engravings. In under 3 sentences, this summary efficiently outlines the key topics and purpose discussed in the original multi-paragraph document.
Researches the phenomena of spiritualism william crookescienciaspsiquicas
This document discusses the need for scientific investigation of spiritualism phenomena. It notes that while certain phenomena like moving objects occur under conditions that cannot be explained by physical laws, more rigorous testing is needed before determining causes. The author will investigate with an open mind but without preconceived notions. Scientific standards of accuracy and test conditions have often not been met in spiritualism research. Instrumental aids can supplement human senses and provide more reliable evidence. Future investigations should utilize delicate scientific instruments and meet high standards of testing before conclusions can be drawn.
This document discusses William Crookes' experimental investigation into phenomena associated with spiritualism. It summarizes his previous calls for scientific testing and measurement of reported phenomena. Crookes has since conducted experiments with Daniel Dunglas Home, a powerful "medium." The experiments appear to establish the existence of a new psychic force connected to the human body. Crookes will publish the results of applying careful scientific tests to further understand this phenomenon.
In Darwin's Own Words: Using the Web to Combat Creationist Quote-Miningdarwinsbulldog
The document contains several quotes from Charles Darwin that creationists have taken out of context to argue against evolution. However, when viewed in their full context, Darwin's words do not present weaknesses in evolution but rather acknowledge gaps in scientific understanding at the time and the tentative nature of new scientific theories. The document also discusses how critics of evolution in the late 19th century selectively quoted figures like Thomas Huxley and John Tyndall to make it seem like leading scientists were abandoning evolution, when in fact they still supported the theory.
The document discusses and critiques the practice of quote mining, which is taking quotes out of context to distort their intended meaning. It provides several examples of quotes from scientific literature that have been mined to imply disagreement or controversy around evolution among scientists. However, when viewed in their full context it is clear the quotes do not undermine the scientific consensus on evolution but rather reflect ongoing discussion and debate within the field.
eBook of The Evolution Of Man Scientifically Disproved, by William A_ WilliamsUsername22
This document provides a lengthy introduction and overview of arguments against the theory of evolution, specifically as it relates to human origins. It begins by establishing the need to critically examine new hypotheses with an open mind, while also rejecting theories that are untrue or harmful. The document then outlines different theories of evolution and defines the terms that will be used. It indicates that the document will present 50 arguments against human evolution from a scientific standpoint, examining the evidence and facts. The summary focuses on the high-level structure and purpose, without delving into the specific arguments presented.
The document outlines an individual's belief that the Earth is flat, despite being taught as a child that the Earth is a sphere. The author views their flat Earth belief as the starting point of an ongoing search for truth and certainty. They acknowledge that the flat Earth view is unpopular and contradicted by mainstream science, but argue that the spherical Earth model has been accepted without sufficient direct evidence or investigation of alternatives. The author advocates for an empirical, experience-based approach to understanding the world.
This document provides an overview and summary of Edwin D. Babbitt's book "The Principles of Light and Color". It begins by noting that while the artist created many beautiful colors in Plate I, some features were not fully accurate and some colors were too bright. It then provides a brief summary of the contents and chapters of Babbitt's book, which explores harmonic laws of the universe, deficiencies in theories of light and force, an etherio-atomic philosophy of force, and sources of light. It concludes by acknowledging those who helped produce the book's colored plates and engravings. In under 3 sentences, this summary efficiently outlines the key topics and purpose discussed in the original multi-paragraph document.
1) The document introduces Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as proposed in his seminal work "On the Origin of Species".
2) It describes how Darwin was inspired to research the question of evolution after observing facts about the distribution of species in South America during his voyage on the HMS Beagle.
3) Over several years of research and reflection, Darwin developed his theory that species evolve over generations through natural selection of inheritable traits that increase an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.
This document summarizes the author's spiritual studies over 18 years. It discusses how belief in miracles is declining as belief in natural law increases. If miracles described in religious texts can't be explained by natural law, then either they did not occur or the person performing them was deceptive. However, if similar spiritual phenomena that occurred in biblical times can be shown to still occur naturally today, it could help address increasing skepticism toward miraculous claims from the past. The author's main conclusion is that after 18 years of study, they are convinced spiritual gifts and phenomena described in the past can still occur naturally today.
Principles of Social Science, Free History eBookChuck Thompson
Principles of Social Science, Free History eBook. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. http://www.gloucestercounty-va.com Visit us. History Education Series.
- William Crookes was a prominent British scientist in the late 19th century known for his work in chemistry and physics, including discoveries relating to cathode rays and the electron.
- Crookes initially set out to debunk spiritualism through scientific investigation and experimentation, but became convinced that some spiritualist phenomena were genuine after his investigations of mediums like Daniel Dunglas Home and Florence Cook.
- Crookes' acceptance of spiritualist phenomena disappointed materialists and skeptics who had expected him to disprove it, leading to scorn and derision from pseudo-skeptics unwilling to accept evidence contradicting their preconceptions.
This document outlines key concepts related to the scientific method and philosophy of science. It discusses various models of scientific inquiry including the classical, pragmatic, and logical empiricism models. It also covers types of reasoning like deduction, induction, and abduction. Examples are provided to illustrate abductive reasoning techniques like the duck test and elephant test. Biases, effects, and criticisms of science are also referenced.
The document discusses research methods and the scientific method. It provides an overview of key figures in the development of science like Galileo, Popper, Kuhn, and Lakatos. It describes Galileo's experiment dropping objects from the Leaning Tower of Pisa to test hypotheses. It also summarizes Popper's concept of falsifiability, Kuhn's idea of paradigms, and Lakatos' attempt to find common ground between Popper and Kuhn.
This document provides an account of A∴A∴, an illuminated community scattered throughout the world but united by truth. It describes A∴A∴ as possessing a secret school that teaches perfect knowledge of nature and humanity. A∴A∴ has existed since ancient times and is responsible for disseminating wisdom and truth into the world through various external schools and societies. Membership in A∴A∴ is open to all who seek wisdom, though entrance requires being deemed fit by unanimous choice. The community operates without outward forms or barriers.
Aristotle’s Informal fallacies 1. Argumentum ad Baculum or .docxfredharris32
Aristotle’s Informal fallacies
1. Argumentum ad Baculum or Argumentum Baculinum:
2. Argumentum ad Hominem (abusive):
3. Argumentum ad Hominem (circumstantial):
4. Argumentum ad Ignorantiam:
5. Argumentum ad Misericordiam:
6. Argumentum ad Populum:
7. Argumentum ad Verecundiam:
8. Accident:
9. Converse Accident or Hasty Generalization:
10. False Cause:
* non causa pro causa:
* post hoc ergo propter hoc:
11. Begging the Question or Petitio Principii or Circular Argument:
12. Complex Question:
13. Ignorantio Elenchi or Irrelevant Conclusion:
THE NEW ORGANON
OR TRUE DIRECTIONS CONCERNING THE INTERPRETATION OF NATURE
Francis Bacon
1620
http://www.constitution.org/bacon/nov_org.htm
sections XXXVIII-LXII (38-62)
XXXVIII
The idols and false notions which are now in possession of the human understanding, and have
taken deep root therein, not only so beset men's minds that truth can hardly find entrance, but
even after entrance is obtained, they will again in the very instauration of the sciences meet and
trouble us, unless men being forewarned of the danger fortify themselves as far as may be
against their assaults.
XXXIX
There are four classes of Idols which beset men's minds. To these for distinction's sake I have
assigned names, calling the first class Idols of the Tribe; the second, Idols of the Cave; the third,
Idols of the Market Place; the fourth, Idols of the Theater.
XL
The formation of ideas and axioms by true induction is no doubt the proper remedy to be applied
for the keeping off and clearing away of idols. To point them out, however, is of great use; for
the doctrine of Idols is to the interpretation of nature what the doctrine of the refutation of
sophisms is to common logic.
XLI
The Idols of the Tribe have their foundation in human nature itself, and in the tribe or race of
men. For it is a false assertion that the sense of man is the measure of things. On the contrary, all
perceptions as well of the sense as of the mind are according to the measure of the individual and
not according to the measure of the universe. And the human understanding is like a false mirror,
which, receiving rays irregularly, distorts and discolors the nature of things by mingling its own
nature with it.
XLII
The Idols of the Cave are the idols of the individual man. For everyone (besides the errors
common to human nature in general) has a cave or den of his own, which refracts and discolors
the light of nature, owing either to his own proper and peculiar nature; or to his education and
conversation with others; or to the reading of books, and the authority of those whom he esteems
and admires; or to the differences of impressions, accordingly as they take place in a mind
preoccupied and predisposed or in a mind indifferent and settled; or the like. So that the spirit of
man (according as it is meted out to different individuals) is in fact a thing variable and full of
perturbation ...
The adventures of_a_modern_occultist-oliver_bland-1920-234pgs-occRareBooksnRecords
The narrator meets with his old acquaintance Harry Carthew, who reveals that since their time at Oxford he has experienced unexplained rapping sounds that he believes are coming from his deceased coworker Bill Tregarthen. The narrator holds a séance with Carthew and a medium in an attempt to make contact with Tregarthen's spirit. During the séance, rapping sounds are heard and the spirit controls struggle to bring through Tregarthen, saying he is "too heavy" and that Carthew's hatred of him is hindering their efforts. The narrator plans to try contacting Tregarthen directly through the use of a trumpet to see if his voice can be heard.
The document discusses Karl Popper's theory of falsification and its evolution over time. It explains that Popper argued scientific theories are never truly verified, but can be falsified by a single contradictory observation. Theories should aim to be falsifiable to be considered scientific. Later, Popper acknowledged natural selection as testable despite initial doubts. The document also examines criticisms of falsification, such as that theories may not be falsified even when observations contradict them, depending on how the theory is modified in response.
The document summarizes the key points of Part 13 of The Master Key System study group discussion. It discusses how focused thinking and visualization can be used to manifest one's desires by applying natural laws. Specific points made include:
1) Thoughts become things - whatever we picture in our minds can eventually become our own through the law of causation.
2) We must be careful of our thoughts because fear and negative thinking can manifest undesirable outcomes.
3) While we may achieve temporary satisfaction of perceived wants, true fulfillment comes from aligning our thoughts with our deeper desires.
This document discusses the relationship between science, superstition, and psychical research. It argues that phenomena investigated by psychical research should not be considered supernatural or superstitious if established facts. Even very unusual phenomena will eventually be explained by science as natural occurrences. Superstition arises from a lack of inquiry and understanding of natural causes, whereas psychical research aims to investigate obscure phenomena scientifically and shed light on their causes and meaning.
Critical Thinking and the Use of Evidence, by Professor Joel HaywardProfessor Joel Hayward
By the end of this lecture you should be able to:
Understand the value of the “Socratic Method”
Understand the role and importance of skepticism
Compare and contrast opinions and arguments
Evaluate the types, strengths and limitations of the evidence available
Compare and contrast the value of primary sources and secondary sources
Real Existence of Illuminism - John Adams LibraryChuck Thompson
The real existence and and dangerous tendency, of Illuminism. In other words, the Illuminati. This is a book from the John Adams Library and was a part of John Adams personal library during his lifetime. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. Visit us for amazing content.
A BRIEF HISTORYof theParadox2A BRIEF HIS.docxblondellchancy
Anaximander proposed an infinite regress as a solution to the paradox of origin - the question of where the first living things came from. He suggested that existing creatures descended from earlier forms, extending the lineage infinitely into the past. While this avoids positing a first cause, it raises issues of its own, like how an infinite past could ever reach the present moment. Anaximander's proposal represents one of the earliest recorded attempts to address a philosophical paradox.
SCMNCERELIGIOIFrom Conflict to ConversationJohn F. .docxkenjordan97598
SCMNCE
RELIGIOI\
From Conflict to Conversation
John F. Haught
PAULIST PRESS
New York . Mahwah, N.J.
also by Jolm E Haught
publÍshed by Paulist Press
THE PROMISE OFNATURE.
WHAT IS COD?
WHATIS RELIGION?
Copyright @ 1995 by John F. Haught
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmined in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanicar, incruàing photocopying, rccording or by
any information storage and retrieval system without permissiôn in writing fàm the
h¡blisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-publication Data
Haught. John F.
science and religion : from confricr to conversation / John F. Haught.
P. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8091-3606-6 (alk. paper): 04784 (clorh)
l. Religion and science. 2. Religion and science_Hisrory.
I. Tltle.
8L24.0.2.H385 r99s
291.rt15;4¿20
'!1
.i'r¡Ut¡sneO by Paulist Press
997 Maca¡thur Boqlevard
Mahwah, New Jersey 07430
Printed and bound in the
United Søtes of America
95-32t24
CIP
Contents
Preface ......... I
Introduction .....3
l. Is Religion Opposed to Science? . . . . 9
2. Does Science Rule Out a Personal God? . -.... . .n
3. Does Evolution Rule Out God's Existence? . . . . . .47
4.IsLifeReducibletoChemistry? .... .....72
S.WastheUniverseCreated? ......100
6. DoWeBelongHere? .....120
7. Why Is There Complexity in Nature? . . . .I4Z
8. DoestheUniverseHaveaPurpose? .....L62
9. Is Religion Responsible for the Ecological Crisis? . . . . . tg3
Conclusion: Toward Conversation in Science and Religion .... .. .ZOz
Notes ..204
Index . .......216
5
Was the fJniverse Created?
No teaching is more vital to the God-religions than that of creation.
This doctrine interprets the universe fundamentally as a gift freely
brought into existence by a powerft.rl, loving and personal "Creator."
The cosmos, in other words, is not self-originating, but the product of a
transcendent goodness. The Hebrew scriptures tell us that "in the begin-
ning" it was God who made the heavens and the earth. And traditional
Ch¡istian and Muslim theism even maintains that God creates the world
ex nihilo, out of nothing. What bearing, then, does modern science have
on the believability of this most fundamental of Western religious teach-
ings? Does science make the doctrine of creation less or more credible?
The British scientist Peter Atkins bluntly answers that modern cos-
mology renders the notion of creation by God completely superfluous.'
And althoughAtkins himself seems undisturbed by it, his interpretation
strikes at the heart of what many consider one of the most important
truths in their lives. To religious believers the doctrine of creation is
much more than a story intended to satisfy human curiosity about how
everything began. Its import goes much deeper, for it speaks directly to
a common human concern about whether there are any realistic
grounds for hope in the meaning of our lives and of the universe.
If a transcendent power and beneficence brought the.
This document discusses and analyzes evolution and creation science from an inductive reasoning perspective. It introduces the two models of origin - evolution, which is accepted as the scientific model, and creation science, which has religious origins but is claimed as science by some followers. The document aims to determine if creation science can be considered a genuine scientific alternative to evolution through an unbiased, induction-based analysis. It outlines the scope of using inductive logic and addressing issues like falsifiability and eliminating psychological biases from the analysis. The principal section then conducts an inductive logic analysis of the two models and discusses the roles of induction in scientific reasoning and theory development.
This document is a summary of a lecture by T.H. Huxley on our knowledge of the causes of phenomena in organic nature. The lecture begins by outlining Huxley's plan to discuss the present condition of organic nature, its past condition, and the methods by which the causes can be discovered. As an example, Huxley then analyzes the structure of the common horse, describing its skin, muscles, bones and other parts. The goal is to illustrate the types of problems and questions posed by studying living beings.
This document summarizes a study analyzing the taphonomy of fossil specimens of Isisfordia duncani, a basal eusuchian crocodyliform from the Lower Cretaceous Winton Formation in central-west Queensland, Australia. The researchers documented taphonomic characteristics of I. duncani specimens and compared them to decay patterns in juvenile crocodiles to determine if the fossils represent animals that died in the depositional environment (autochthonous) or were transported (parautochthonous or allochthonous). They found little weathering or abrasion, and disarticulated elements near articulated skeletons, suggesting minimal transport. Most specimens were classified as autochthonous
This document describes a new species of small coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur discovered in South Africa, named Nqwebasaurus thwazi. The fossil consists of an articulated but partially incomplete skeleton found in Early Cretaceous rocks. Key details include that it has an elongate hand with a partially opposable first finger, a slender foot with a reduced fourth metatarsal, and stomach stones preserved in the abdominal region. As one of the most complete Early Cretaceous theropods described from Africa, Nqwebasaurus helps extend the record of coelurosaurians in Gondwana by around 50 million years, suggesting they achieved a global distribution early in their evolution
1) The document introduces Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection as proposed in his seminal work "On the Origin of Species".
2) It describes how Darwin was inspired to research the question of evolution after observing facts about the distribution of species in South America during his voyage on the HMS Beagle.
3) Over several years of research and reflection, Darwin developed his theory that species evolve over generations through natural selection of inheritable traits that increase an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.
This document summarizes the author's spiritual studies over 18 years. It discusses how belief in miracles is declining as belief in natural law increases. If miracles described in religious texts can't be explained by natural law, then either they did not occur or the person performing them was deceptive. However, if similar spiritual phenomena that occurred in biblical times can be shown to still occur naturally today, it could help address increasing skepticism toward miraculous claims from the past. The author's main conclusion is that after 18 years of study, they are convinced spiritual gifts and phenomena described in the past can still occur naturally today.
Principles of Social Science, Free History eBookChuck Thompson
Principles of Social Science, Free History eBook. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. http://www.gloucestercounty-va.com Visit us. History Education Series.
- William Crookes was a prominent British scientist in the late 19th century known for his work in chemistry and physics, including discoveries relating to cathode rays and the electron.
- Crookes initially set out to debunk spiritualism through scientific investigation and experimentation, but became convinced that some spiritualist phenomena were genuine after his investigations of mediums like Daniel Dunglas Home and Florence Cook.
- Crookes' acceptance of spiritualist phenomena disappointed materialists and skeptics who had expected him to disprove it, leading to scorn and derision from pseudo-skeptics unwilling to accept evidence contradicting their preconceptions.
This document outlines key concepts related to the scientific method and philosophy of science. It discusses various models of scientific inquiry including the classical, pragmatic, and logical empiricism models. It also covers types of reasoning like deduction, induction, and abduction. Examples are provided to illustrate abductive reasoning techniques like the duck test and elephant test. Biases, effects, and criticisms of science are also referenced.
The document discusses research methods and the scientific method. It provides an overview of key figures in the development of science like Galileo, Popper, Kuhn, and Lakatos. It describes Galileo's experiment dropping objects from the Leaning Tower of Pisa to test hypotheses. It also summarizes Popper's concept of falsifiability, Kuhn's idea of paradigms, and Lakatos' attempt to find common ground between Popper and Kuhn.
This document provides an account of A∴A∴, an illuminated community scattered throughout the world but united by truth. It describes A∴A∴ as possessing a secret school that teaches perfect knowledge of nature and humanity. A∴A∴ has existed since ancient times and is responsible for disseminating wisdom and truth into the world through various external schools and societies. Membership in A∴A∴ is open to all who seek wisdom, though entrance requires being deemed fit by unanimous choice. The community operates without outward forms or barriers.
Aristotle’s Informal fallacies 1. Argumentum ad Baculum or .docxfredharris32
Aristotle’s Informal fallacies
1. Argumentum ad Baculum or Argumentum Baculinum:
2. Argumentum ad Hominem (abusive):
3. Argumentum ad Hominem (circumstantial):
4. Argumentum ad Ignorantiam:
5. Argumentum ad Misericordiam:
6. Argumentum ad Populum:
7. Argumentum ad Verecundiam:
8. Accident:
9. Converse Accident or Hasty Generalization:
10. False Cause:
* non causa pro causa:
* post hoc ergo propter hoc:
11. Begging the Question or Petitio Principii or Circular Argument:
12. Complex Question:
13. Ignorantio Elenchi or Irrelevant Conclusion:
THE NEW ORGANON
OR TRUE DIRECTIONS CONCERNING THE INTERPRETATION OF NATURE
Francis Bacon
1620
http://www.constitution.org/bacon/nov_org.htm
sections XXXVIII-LXII (38-62)
XXXVIII
The idols and false notions which are now in possession of the human understanding, and have
taken deep root therein, not only so beset men's minds that truth can hardly find entrance, but
even after entrance is obtained, they will again in the very instauration of the sciences meet and
trouble us, unless men being forewarned of the danger fortify themselves as far as may be
against their assaults.
XXXIX
There are four classes of Idols which beset men's minds. To these for distinction's sake I have
assigned names, calling the first class Idols of the Tribe; the second, Idols of the Cave; the third,
Idols of the Market Place; the fourth, Idols of the Theater.
XL
The formation of ideas and axioms by true induction is no doubt the proper remedy to be applied
for the keeping off and clearing away of idols. To point them out, however, is of great use; for
the doctrine of Idols is to the interpretation of nature what the doctrine of the refutation of
sophisms is to common logic.
XLI
The Idols of the Tribe have their foundation in human nature itself, and in the tribe or race of
men. For it is a false assertion that the sense of man is the measure of things. On the contrary, all
perceptions as well of the sense as of the mind are according to the measure of the individual and
not according to the measure of the universe. And the human understanding is like a false mirror,
which, receiving rays irregularly, distorts and discolors the nature of things by mingling its own
nature with it.
XLII
The Idols of the Cave are the idols of the individual man. For everyone (besides the errors
common to human nature in general) has a cave or den of his own, which refracts and discolors
the light of nature, owing either to his own proper and peculiar nature; or to his education and
conversation with others; or to the reading of books, and the authority of those whom he esteems
and admires; or to the differences of impressions, accordingly as they take place in a mind
preoccupied and predisposed or in a mind indifferent and settled; or the like. So that the spirit of
man (according as it is meted out to different individuals) is in fact a thing variable and full of
perturbation ...
The adventures of_a_modern_occultist-oliver_bland-1920-234pgs-occRareBooksnRecords
The narrator meets with his old acquaintance Harry Carthew, who reveals that since their time at Oxford he has experienced unexplained rapping sounds that he believes are coming from his deceased coworker Bill Tregarthen. The narrator holds a séance with Carthew and a medium in an attempt to make contact with Tregarthen's spirit. During the séance, rapping sounds are heard and the spirit controls struggle to bring through Tregarthen, saying he is "too heavy" and that Carthew's hatred of him is hindering their efforts. The narrator plans to try contacting Tregarthen directly through the use of a trumpet to see if his voice can be heard.
The document discusses Karl Popper's theory of falsification and its evolution over time. It explains that Popper argued scientific theories are never truly verified, but can be falsified by a single contradictory observation. Theories should aim to be falsifiable to be considered scientific. Later, Popper acknowledged natural selection as testable despite initial doubts. The document also examines criticisms of falsification, such as that theories may not be falsified even when observations contradict them, depending on how the theory is modified in response.
The document summarizes the key points of Part 13 of The Master Key System study group discussion. It discusses how focused thinking and visualization can be used to manifest one's desires by applying natural laws. Specific points made include:
1) Thoughts become things - whatever we picture in our minds can eventually become our own through the law of causation.
2) We must be careful of our thoughts because fear and negative thinking can manifest undesirable outcomes.
3) While we may achieve temporary satisfaction of perceived wants, true fulfillment comes from aligning our thoughts with our deeper desires.
This document discusses the relationship between science, superstition, and psychical research. It argues that phenomena investigated by psychical research should not be considered supernatural or superstitious if established facts. Even very unusual phenomena will eventually be explained by science as natural occurrences. Superstition arises from a lack of inquiry and understanding of natural causes, whereas psychical research aims to investigate obscure phenomena scientifically and shed light on their causes and meaning.
Critical Thinking and the Use of Evidence, by Professor Joel HaywardProfessor Joel Hayward
By the end of this lecture you should be able to:
Understand the value of the “Socratic Method”
Understand the role and importance of skepticism
Compare and contrast opinions and arguments
Evaluate the types, strengths and limitations of the evidence available
Compare and contrast the value of primary sources and secondary sources
Real Existence of Illuminism - John Adams LibraryChuck Thompson
The real existence and and dangerous tendency, of Illuminism. In other words, the Illuminati. This is a book from the John Adams Library and was a part of John Adams personal library during his lifetime. Gloucester, Virginia Links and News website. Visit us for amazing content.
A BRIEF HISTORYof theParadox2A BRIEF HIS.docxblondellchancy
Anaximander proposed an infinite regress as a solution to the paradox of origin - the question of where the first living things came from. He suggested that existing creatures descended from earlier forms, extending the lineage infinitely into the past. While this avoids positing a first cause, it raises issues of its own, like how an infinite past could ever reach the present moment. Anaximander's proposal represents one of the earliest recorded attempts to address a philosophical paradox.
SCMNCERELIGIOIFrom Conflict to ConversationJohn F. .docxkenjordan97598
SCMNCE
RELIGIOI\
From Conflict to Conversation
John F. Haught
PAULIST PRESS
New York . Mahwah, N.J.
also by Jolm E Haught
publÍshed by Paulist Press
THE PROMISE OFNATURE.
WHAT IS COD?
WHATIS RELIGION?
Copyright @ 1995 by John F. Haught
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmined in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanicar, incruàing photocopying, rccording or by
any information storage and retrieval system without permissiôn in writing fàm the
h¡blisher.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-publication Data
Haught. John F.
science and religion : from confricr to conversation / John F. Haught.
P. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8091-3606-6 (alk. paper): 04784 (clorh)
l. Religion and science. 2. Religion and science_Hisrory.
I. Tltle.
8L24.0.2.H385 r99s
291.rt15;4¿20
'!1
.i'r¡Ut¡sneO by Paulist Press
997 Maca¡thur Boqlevard
Mahwah, New Jersey 07430
Printed and bound in the
United Søtes of America
95-32t24
CIP
Contents
Preface ......... I
Introduction .....3
l. Is Religion Opposed to Science? . . . . 9
2. Does Science Rule Out a Personal God? . -.... . .n
3. Does Evolution Rule Out God's Existence? . . . . . .47
4.IsLifeReducibletoChemistry? .... .....72
S.WastheUniverseCreated? ......100
6. DoWeBelongHere? .....120
7. Why Is There Complexity in Nature? . . . .I4Z
8. DoestheUniverseHaveaPurpose? .....L62
9. Is Religion Responsible for the Ecological Crisis? . . . . . tg3
Conclusion: Toward Conversation in Science and Religion .... .. .ZOz
Notes ..204
Index . .......216
5
Was the fJniverse Created?
No teaching is more vital to the God-religions than that of creation.
This doctrine interprets the universe fundamentally as a gift freely
brought into existence by a powerft.rl, loving and personal "Creator."
The cosmos, in other words, is not self-originating, but the product of a
transcendent goodness. The Hebrew scriptures tell us that "in the begin-
ning" it was God who made the heavens and the earth. And traditional
Ch¡istian and Muslim theism even maintains that God creates the world
ex nihilo, out of nothing. What bearing, then, does modern science have
on the believability of this most fundamental of Western religious teach-
ings? Does science make the doctrine of creation less or more credible?
The British scientist Peter Atkins bluntly answers that modern cos-
mology renders the notion of creation by God completely superfluous.'
And althoughAtkins himself seems undisturbed by it, his interpretation
strikes at the heart of what many consider one of the most important
truths in their lives. To religious believers the doctrine of creation is
much more than a story intended to satisfy human curiosity about how
everything began. Its import goes much deeper, for it speaks directly to
a common human concern about whether there are any realistic
grounds for hope in the meaning of our lives and of the universe.
If a transcendent power and beneficence brought the.
This document discusses and analyzes evolution and creation science from an inductive reasoning perspective. It introduces the two models of origin - evolution, which is accepted as the scientific model, and creation science, which has religious origins but is claimed as science by some followers. The document aims to determine if creation science can be considered a genuine scientific alternative to evolution through an unbiased, induction-based analysis. It outlines the scope of using inductive logic and addressing issues like falsifiability and eliminating psychological biases from the analysis. The principal section then conducts an inductive logic analysis of the two models and discusses the roles of induction in scientific reasoning and theory development.
This document is a summary of a lecture by T.H. Huxley on our knowledge of the causes of phenomena in organic nature. The lecture begins by outlining Huxley's plan to discuss the present condition of organic nature, its past condition, and the methods by which the causes can be discovered. As an example, Huxley then analyzes the structure of the common horse, describing its skin, muscles, bones and other parts. The goal is to illustrate the types of problems and questions posed by studying living beings.
This document summarizes a study analyzing the taphonomy of fossil specimens of Isisfordia duncani, a basal eusuchian crocodyliform from the Lower Cretaceous Winton Formation in central-west Queensland, Australia. The researchers documented taphonomic characteristics of I. duncani specimens and compared them to decay patterns in juvenile crocodiles to determine if the fossils represent animals that died in the depositional environment (autochthonous) or were transported (parautochthonous or allochthonous). They found little weathering or abrasion, and disarticulated elements near articulated skeletons, suggesting minimal transport. Most specimens were classified as autochthonous
This document describes a new species of small coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur discovered in South Africa, named Nqwebasaurus thwazi. The fossil consists of an articulated but partially incomplete skeleton found in Early Cretaceous rocks. Key details include that it has an elongate hand with a partially opposable first finger, a slender foot with a reduced fourth metatarsal, and stomach stones preserved in the abdominal region. As one of the most complete Early Cretaceous theropods described from Africa, Nqwebasaurus helps extend the record of coelurosaurians in Gondwana by around 50 million years, suggesting they achieved a global distribution early in their evolution
This document describes a new species of oviraptorid dinosaur discovered in southern China. Key details include:
1) The new species, named Ganzhousaurus nankangensis, is based on a partial skeleton found in the Upper Cretaceous Nanxiong Formation in Jiangxi Province, China.
2) G. nankangensis can be distinguished from other oviraptorids based on a combination of primitive and derived skeletal features, such as a relatively shallow dentary and a twisted dentary process.
3) A phylogenetic analysis places G. nankangensis within Oviraptoridae along with other genera like Oviraptor and Citipati
This document describes a new species of duck-billed dinosaur, Gonkoken nanoi, found in subantarctic Chile. The fossils were discovered in a bonebed of multiple individuals dating to the early Maastrichtian period. Unlike other duck-billed dinosaurs described from Patagonia, G. nanoi is not a hadrosaurid but instead belongs to an older lineage of duck-billed dinosaurs that diverged before the origin of hadrosaurids. This suggests that the ancestors of G. nanoi arrived in South America earlier and inhabited regions further south than hadrosaurids, including areas that hadrosaurids may never have reached like subantarctic Chile. The discovery provides new insights into
1) The document challenges the conclusion that the Denisova hominin derived from a migration out of Africa around 1 million years ago that was distinct from the ancestors of Neanderthals and modern humans.
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1) Eruptions occurred in three phases, with the largest ("phase 2") occurring in Chron 29r near the end of the Cretaceous period and accounting for around 80% of the 3,500m thick Deccan lava pile.
2) The KT boundary and mass extinction has been identified in marine microfossil-bearing sediments between the phase 2 and 3 lava flows, indicating volcanic activity continued past the extinction.
3) New evidence suggests the Chicxulub impact predated the KT
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This document discusses Dimetrodon grandis, a synapsid that lived millions of years before dinosaurs. While it is often mistaken for a dinosaur, Dimetrodon belongs to the synapsids. The document also mentions that fossils provide scientific data about the past and mentions two specific prehistoric creatures: Acrocanthosaurus and a bird-like creature called Archaeopteryx.
Demandasaurus darwini, a new medium-sized rebbachisaurid sauropod from the Early Cretaceous of Spain, is described based on an associated partial skeleton. It possesses nine autapomorphies in its teeth and vertebrae that distinguish it from other rebbachisaurids. Phylogenetic analysis places Demandasaurus as the sister taxon to Nigersaurus from Africa, supporting sporadic dinosaur dispersal between Europe and Africa during the Early Cretaceous. The discovery of Demandasaurus provides further evidence of rebbachisaurid biogeographic connections between Europe and Gondwana.
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nla.news-article7299870.3.pdf
1. Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), Wednesday 25 August 1858, page 7
National Library of Australia http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7299870
THE AGE OF THE EARTH.
»Sir,-In
your
Monday's
issuethereis an
rtiçle
by an
individual,
under
the secret
name of '
Opifer," criticising
the
course
of
dures
on the above subject lately delivered
by
ie|Dtho
Mechanics'Institution;
and, on tho
ell-recognised
maximof audi
alterant partent,
claim
the
privilege
of a short reply.
The
liter of thatarticle
has
totally misrepre
sented
the spirit
and tenor
of my
lectures;
and has
attempted
to drawa
parallel between
the
object
of the lateMr. HughMiller
and
my own,which, allow
me to say,
entirely
fails in its
application.
Whether
thatat
attempt
arose froma
deliberate
and
wilful
per»
version
of the truth,
or from a
ignorance
of
the scope
and
intention
of my
lectures,
I leave
to my
hearers
to
determine.
It is
sufficient
for me that the
analogy entirely
fails.
My clear
and
distinct object
was,as
stated
n tho
outset,
to remove
the
prejudices against
geology as
contradicting Scripture-to
show
thatthere
is
nothing
in the sacred narrative
to
contradict geologic
fact and
induction;
and to incite
to its more general study.
Mr.
Hugh Miller's object was
altogether different;
was to showa
specific
and
special accord-
ancewiththe Mosaic account
of
Creation,
in
its
various phases
; in which attempt
he has,
in my
opinion, failed,
and this I
implied
in
my
objections
to his
theory
of thosixdays
of
immense duration,
"Opifer
"
states
thatI am
conscious
of tha
delicacy
of the
question discussed,
and am
unwilling
to
sacrifice geology
to the
theology
must bow down
to,-hence
my
dubiety.
This
pointedly
deny; there
was no
dubiety
in
anything
I
stated-my declaration
of facts
and
principles
was clear, open,
and
honest.
I
dId not admit
(as said)
the
notion
of the
orijin of the
existing organic world developed
a series of regular
and adinsted
laws out
of its
primitive elements.
WhatI didsay
was,thatthe
elements
of the
inorganic
or
mineral kingdom
were created
in one promis
ous mass,
or
chaos,
and thatby the
action
d
chemical, electrical,
and
mechanical
laws
they
subsided
and
concreted
intoour present
staiified
and
crystallineformations,
while I
heldthatorganic
lifewasa
distinct
andspe
fic act of
creative
power
and
wisdom
in all
its
various types,
andnotthe
result
of a law
of
development
or
convertibility.
"Opifer"asserts
thatI set myself
to the
task of
torturing
facts and an ancient
wri-
ing intoan
identity
of
meaning,
and with
his view garbled texts and ignored passages,
didno suchthing.
I hadno
written
quo
tions fromtho Bible.
I readopenly various
texts in tho sacredvolumeclearly
and
strictly applicable
tomy
subject.
Andasto
the polite,
gentlemanly,
and
charitable
asser
tionthatI made
falsehood
to taketheplace
truth,
and was
applauded
for it. I leave
my
hearers
andtho
public
to judge
of its
applicability.
As to the
remaining observations
in defence
the infidel theory
of
development
by law,
and the
convertibility
of monkeys
intomen,
which
the writer believes,
I havenot at
present
timeto enter;
but if
"Opifer"
will
throw asidehis maskof
concealment,
and
comeforth openly
as an
honest
man,andas
comeforth openly
as an
honest
man,andas
the boldand
unflinching advocate
and sup
porterof tho
development hypothesis
will
me a
lecture
on tho
subject,
I doubt
nothe
willmeetmanyto enter
the lists withhim.
and
although
"
Opifer"
may be
enamored
of
s
origin according
to law,and thathe com
mencedexistence
as a monad,
and passed
roughthe wholeseries
of
zoophyte,
shell-
fish,fish,reptile,
quadruped,
to quadrumana—
im tho
highest
of which,
the ouraug outang
chimpanzee,
came forththe brains(such
as theyare)and
physical
form
of "
Opifer"
—
the publicwill not
approve
of this mode
the
creation
of man,the highest
and
noblest
work of God.
As I haveno
principles
or
theory
thatI
ed to he
ashamed
of,or blush
to
acknow
ge,1 sign
my name
in
full.
Prahran,
August21.
TO THE
EDITOR
OF THE
ARGUS.
Sir,- Your
correspondent,
"
Opifer,"
in to-
y'sissue
of The
Argus,while impugning
e
Biblical cosmogony,
accuses
its
defenders
torturing historic facts,
of
garbling texts,
ignoring passages
; butis
himself guilty
a
distortion
and
misquotation
of the most
agrant character.
He saysof tho
author
of
"
Vestiges
of
Creation,"
thathisviews
are
harmony
withthe
speculations
of the first
philosophers
in
abstract science.
" For exam
plewhatsaysButler
in thegreat
'
Analogy'?
Our nature
corresponds
to our external
dition:' improve
the
external condition,
d you havea
progressive development
of
nature—'
the
elevation
of the one leads
the
corresponding
raising
of the other,
minga
permanent
change
of
character.'
This,
in
innumerable
other
quotations
of
similar
sort, withoutbeing severed
fromtheir
text,proveButler's leading
ideato be
sameas thatof the
much-maligned,
causemuch
misunderstood
and much
represented,
author
- viz.,thatad-
vancement
is a lawor a
method
of
ture. Lifeitself
is
change,
anditsform
pendson its
relative external conditions."
hat Butlerdoes
say-Analogy,
PartI.,
p.5,Sectionl.-"Every
species
of
creature
we see,
designed
fora
particular
wayof
. . . Change
a man's
capacities
character
to the
degree
in
which
it is con-
rablethey maybe
changed,
andhe would
altogether incapable
of a humancourse
of
andhuman
happiness
; as
incapable
as if,
naturecontinuingunchanged,
he were
redin a
worldwhere
he hadno
sphere
of
ion,nor
any
objects
to
answer
hisappe-
es,
passions,
and
affections
of anysort.
One
ng is setover
against another,
as an
dentwriterexpresses
it.Our
nature
cor
ponds
to our
external condition.
Without
s
correspondence
therewouldbe no possi
ityof anysuchthing
as
human lifeand
man
happiness;
which lifeand
happiness
therefore
a
result
fromour
nature
and
ndition jointly."
It
will
be
seen that
thefirst seven words
E»n?Ät8qu,ottttMm
ore to bo found
in
! 1 b?
DrSfesse8
to
Quota from
; that
rffr
vu,devel°Pment
of the nature
C1%fromimprovedexternnlcondition
CuZÄ«7en a,S'»nniary1of
But
DnA>whiclî
li* ,?,B0 °PP°se(1
to tia
fcT ?"*,'
T,
lnte»ectual
and bodily
t and
Z y ba,
""Proved
toa
certain
ex
tiikv¡í"rtherlthíit
the la8tthreelines.
¿,«hIiîAmaii5s?.f,ï,,ota*ion.Meme»ntto
». "n"ir
ÍPtatton,
arenotto be found
»r.npffl£
places them.
n°r «o they
St A
t0h4°iWh9]Ä
of tha
oh»Ptor.
which
2. Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), Wednesday 25 August 1858, page 7 (2)
National Library of Australia http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7299870
MÎral Divine0»Pr°batI°a
"8
Iuto&eI
Ät*1!10^1,?11
lB
nee,1fQl
'o »
writer
oflK.*0£elLe,ved-
Whftt Bhall we
an
rrmütt8r,?
,SH1
we notsay"isit
ÄÄohol5?
An
inKün'o«8
and
SedSt£Dd nJ?rlBlt
mind twia«ng
!Ä?nd th/°U8n
such
a
cause lost
to
inlh« itoro?da? Whataro wo to ex
SÄoi
Probî,ty
froma
community
Äuth?»y
thU8
be
mttd0
t0 tak°
& °.l
1?w?
hxave
t0
waltfor
a
reli
sÄrba11
S?
^ronger
withthede
mentof sound
scientific acquirement,
au c ear- that.we
have notto wait
a
philosophy impatient
of
contradiction,
a
philosopher
whodoes not
scruple
to
practice
the artshe
condemns.
Your obedientservant,
. A. B.
. 'O THE
EDITOR
OF THE
AROUS'.
IS.«?» tWuJ
rescript
of
scientific
îÄ n"
&orhap8.Permit
metocaí
?mZÏÏ: Mi?rris
8
to«*««»
in tha
«. ÄÄl^Ä8
"cently.fwm
the
»'C'Äw?d
thtf vorl,OUB theories
twJxTd
from time to* tme
rerrard
«
SBtoh°r
of
cl^tion
I was
etraok
surprise
to
observe
the
advocacy
of the
and
effete doctrine
of
Cuvier,
andth
dent
confusion
of thelawof
Unity
of
transcendental
theories
of Goethe,Oken,
Liebnitz,andGeoffroy
St. Hilaire,
'» und
fliS?ainly,ext'"«'ai3hed
by the
«»of ?'K 'n
l0ßl0,?f,OuvlBr1.bnVtiia.
ile'.and
Iori?l?ftu<.aol'v
demonstrated
by
**Ä Ä°d,by«tttomtoto
ana
doctrine
of "Unity
of
Organisation,"
11 of st, u
.completely illustrated
(tha
Î^PXSOA^
íy
th?DPosent
England
—the
illustrious Owen—justly
led by
Humboldt^8trI,onB Own-justly
»«4;oldt'U Ph" 9rand
anatomist*
Í
StlÄn?T 9rßan'la«on,
then,
eTslop^y.
»f malIn thecomee
of
ifÄgK
%
kingdom,
fromthe
Sil
hecarlÄ
Tne insect
mustpasi
K th03°
of the
vertebrate
sub
»
kiTjcdom.
This law gives no
support
to the
pantheistic,transmutational,
or any other
form of atheism,
but
furnishes
new argu
ments in support
of tho highest, attainable
truths,
by
recognising
an
archetype,
or, ideal
exemplar,
for the
vertebrated
animalsprov-
ing thatthe
knowledge
of sucha being as
man must have existedbeforeman
appeared,
so that theremust needs be an
antecedent
mind or
understanding;
the Divinemind
that plannedthe archetype,
and foreknew
its
modifications.
I had thought
that loversof
science,
and
particularly
its
exponents,
had done with the
respectable
sham of
perverting
truthsby the
light of the
Hebraic writings.
" The Age of
the Earth!"Dr. Murraymade many allu
FICIB to the
Plesiosaur,
the
Icthyosaur,
and
Tierodactyles,
duringthe course; but even
tie
imagination
is baffledin
attempting
to
realise
the lapse of agessince theylived and
moved upon the sandy shoresof the
Silurian
sea. The
obscurity
of ancienthistoryrenders
it
uncertain
where the
apocryphal
ends and
it
uncertain
where the
apocryphal
ends and
the authentic begins.Early profanehistory
is emblazoned
with myth and
exaggeration,
and every historian
of olden time opens his
volumewith a romance.
But sciencewrites
the historyof nature'soperations,
untram-
melled
by the
cosmogony
of any sector race,
yet withoutderogating
from the Divine
power;
nor is it
necessary
evenin a
popular
lecture
for the
philosopher
to trenchupon the
province
of the Divine.
YourB
faithfnllv,
E. BOWMANS,
M.D.
TO THE KDITOll OP TUB ARGUS.
Sir,-Though
far from agreeingwith your
correspondent
"Opifer"In all his scientific
views,more
especially
those bearingupon thu
peculiartheorypropounded
In the famous
"Vestiges
of
Creation,"
I cannotrefrainfrom
expressing
my extremesatisfaction
at the
toneand tenor
of his able letter
in The Argus
of Monday.
I, too, felt
somewhat ashamed
of
the puerile attempts
madeby Dr. Murray,
in
his recentlectures,
to
reconcile
the facts of
geologicalsciencewith what is wrongly
termedthe "Mosaic
cosmogony."
I felt that
to have such
puerilities
publicly taughtin
thiscolony,
and
received
with
acclamation
by a
numerous audience,
as if theywere
the very latestresultsof scienceand
philosophy,
is a libel upon the
intelligence
of
the community.
If popularteachingthere
mustbe, let it, at all
events,
be
honest,
thorough,
and
fearless,
but never shallowand
evasive.
Dr. Murrays audienceapparently
accepted
his
attempts
to showthatthere was no neces
saiy
antagonism
betweenthe known facts of
geclogyand the assumeddogmasof Genesis
as being a
complete refutation
of all objec-
tionsto what is wronglycalled"biblical
geology."
Your
correspondent
" Opifer" has
to
entirely disposed
of that mistake
that 1
neednot refer further
to it. WhatI wantto
bringout is the
surprising deficiencies
ex
bibited
by Dr. Murray
as a popular lecturer
on science,
and his
consequent incompetency
for the task he took in hand.
Whenany man
stands
up as an
author
i ta
five
expounder
of any branch
of
science,
he
is bound to be himself thoroughly
well versed
in it-he mustknowits latestobserved
facts
its most recent
inductions,
its newestdeve-
lopments;' otherwise
he subjectshimselfte
the chargeof
imposture.
Now, it
certainly
did not appear
fromthe whole tenor of Dr
Murray's lectures
that he is
familiar
with tin
presentconditions
of the very question
he
was
lecturing
upon so
confidently.
All that
be said,
therefore,
beyondhis simplestate
mentsof tho
elementary
factsof
geology—as
theymay be foundin any
introductory
treatise
on the
science—was
so muchpure
waste,
and wouldhavebeen
harmless
if it
were not
misleading.
If that gentleman
should
have
occasion
to lecture
on the same
subject again,perhaps
he willbe goodenough
to takethe few
following
facts intohis consi
deration:
1. Professor
Baden Powell,—no "infidel'
man of
science,
but an
orthodox Professor
a
Oxford,—has
just
published
a work, entitled
"
Christianity
withoutJudaism,"
in whichhe
laysit downas a
fundamental
axiom
(a self
evident truth)
thatby no
efforts
of
interpre
tation
can the Mosaicaccount
of the
creation
be
reconciled
with the factsof
creation.
neednot say that,
as a man of
science,
Pro
fessor Powell ranksin the firstclass,
amongstthe
Herschell,
Lyells,Babbages,
and
Murchisons.
Now,any man takingDr. Mur
ray's
stand-point
is boundto meetthislatest
3. Argus (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848 - 1957), Wednesday 25 August 1858, page 7 (3)
National Library of Australia http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article7299870
ray's
stand-point
is boundto meetthislatest
statement
or the caseof "
Geology
v.
Genesis
andto
rebut,
if he can,tho
entire
massof
factsand
arguments
on whichit is based
These
he willfindset forth
in the
learned
Professor's
workon the the "Unity
of Worlds
and of Nature."
2 Dr,
Whewell's
great
argument,
as set
forth
in his
splendid
work,
" Of the
Plurality
of Worlds,"
has liftedtho whole
discussion
respecting
the meritsof biblical science
into
a new regionof thought
and
speculation
Dr.
Murray seems
to me to be
totally
unac
quainted
withtheworkin
question
; butif
so, he
certainly
is not
qualified
to
lecture
on
cosmicalscience.
If he knowsthe
argument
of
ProfessorWhewell,
he is bound
to accept
it,or to
refute
it.In
either
casehe must
alterthe wholetexture
of his
teachings
respecting geology and Scripture.
3. Facts have
recently
come to light
provingbeyondquestion
that man existed
ages beforethe currently receivedMosaic
epoch.
Dr.
Bunsen—a
nameof the very
highestauthority
in historical researches
adduces evidence,
in his greatworkon
"Egypt's
Place in
Universal History,"
to
provethatman existed
in the
district
bor
deredby the
Caucasus
and MountArarat
at
least20,000yearsbefore
our era.Has Dr.
Murraystudied
and answered
the historic
reasonings
of
Professor Bunsen?
If not,
whatvalue
arehisviews
on thehuman epoch
in
cosmical science
?
4. HasDr.
Murrayever read thegreat
at
unanswerable
argument
of ThomasDe Quin-
cey, proving
that the
assumption
of the
Bible's
beingan
authoritative
teacher
of
science
is
absolutelydestructive
of its claims
as a divine revelation
of
transcendant
spiri
tual
truths?
Thisone
argument,
likethat
othergreatone of
Professor Whewell's,
ac
tually
revolutionises
the whole character
the discussion
under
consideration.
5. Has Dr. Murray
acquainted
himself
with
the
profound
viewsof
Coleridge
on
Scriptural
inspiration
?—the viewswhichare now held
by almostall
enlightened Christian thinkers
andby which
a dense massof old
ignorance
anderror havebeen
cleared
away,
in thedi
rection
Dr. Murray
is
working.
If that
gentleman's studies,
I
repeat,
have
not
included
all tho points
here
enumerated
and
others
that
I
might haveadded,
he is not
capable
of
dealing
withthe
question
he has
takenin
hand—he neither
knowsall the
arguments
fortheBible
on theonehand,
nor
for geology
on the
other—he misinterprets
boththe
inspired
wordand the
physical
science—he misleads
his
audience,
and he de
ceives himself.
I am myself
but the
humblest student
of
these,
the
grandest subjects
of human in
quiry,
but
I am,
at
least,
an
honest
one
; and
cannot help feeling indignant
when sciolism
halftruths
and real
ignorance,
are
presented
to the public
in the guise
of
genuine science
and consummate knowledge.
I am,&c,
A LOVEROF TRUTH
August
24.