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![The topics covered by the meeting and this book include:
• The renaissance of physics and technology for ubiquitous IT services;
• New photonics, electronics, and micromechatronics applications for biology
and ubiquitous medical sensing;
• New communication schemes for ubiquitous IT services.
The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services
The dream of ubiquitous services may appear to be an ambitious and perhaps
slightly fantastic title, but it is based on the premise that we are about to enter a new
age of information technology. First, we must ask ourselves the questions: What is
science? and What is technology? to clarify the foundations on which this new age
will be built. Science is a branch of pure learning. Its aim is intellectual satisfaction,
the clarification of unknown fields, and the discovery of new aspects of nature and
human society. Technology focuses more directly on practical applications that are
useful to mankind.
One important way of meeting that requirement could be provided by ubiqui-
tous IT services. Throughout history we have developed many important types of
technology including ships, trains, cars, electricity, and telecommunications, and
ubiquitous IT services could be next in this line. Webster’s Dictionary defines “ubiq-
uitous” as “being or existing everywhere at the same time.” This seems to transport
us into a kind of dream, since ubiquitous IT services should be able to provide us
with superhuman abilities. “Ubiquitous” suggests abilities that are beyond time and
space and perhaps makes us think of that great childhood hero, Superman, and his
ability to travel beyond time and space.
However, Superman needs very specific tools to provide him with his superpow-
ers. He needs, for example, photonic, electrical, and micromechatronic tools, vari-
ous sensing tools, and a new communication tool. These tools have very specific
properties. For example, the photonic toolrequires an extremely pure light with an
ultranarrow spectrum and a very wide frequency tuning range.
In scientific terms, quantum mechanics itself is ubiquitous. Those involved in
developing and improving quantum mechanics are indicating that the wave function
exists everywhere simultaneously, in the same way as a ubiquitous state. The Einstein,
Podolsky, and Roden (EPR) paradox [1] and Bell’s theorem are notable for indicating
an implied mechanism in quantum mechanics and nature’s characteristics [2, 3]. A
renowned physicist, David Bohm, wrote books entitled Wholeness and the Implicate
Order [4] and The Undivided Universe [5], and J. S. Bell wrote a book entitled Speak-
able and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics [6]. Their works suggest that nature
itself is a ubiquitous state at a deep level. However, the main goal of our meeting and
this book is not scientific discussion, it is to present and discuss new frontiers for
ubiquitous IT services, and this brings us back to information technology.
Currently, IT services are undergoing a great change, focusing less on the “T”
and more on the “I.” This represents the expansion of human abilities and a
customer-centered structure.
2 The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/50774-250725051910-0b808421/75/New-Photonics-Technologies-for-the-Information-Age-1st-edition-Edition-Shoichi-Sudo-19-2048.jpg)
![IT services require development over a much wider technical spectrum than
described in this book. They cover fields including software technology, security,
and network architecture that are beyond the scope of our symposium and this
book. Nevertheless, we sincerely hope that this book will be the trigger for other
international symposia and discussions that will lead ultimately to ubiquitous IT
services that will benefit us all.
References
[1] Einstein, A., B. Podolsky, and N. Rosen, “Can Quantum-Mechanics Description of Reality
Be Considered Complete?” Phys. Rev., Vol. 47, 1935, pp. 777–780.
[2] Bell, J. S., “On the Impossible Pilot Wave,” Found. Phys., Vol. 12, 1982, pp. 989–999.
[3] Bell, J. S., “Against Measurement,” Phys. World, Vol. 3, 1990, pp. 33–40.
[4] Bohm, D., Wholeness and the Implicate Order, New York: Routledge, 1992.
[5] Bohm, D., and B. J. Hiley, The Undivided Universe: An Ontological Interpretation of
Quantum Theory, New York: Routledge, 1993.
[6] Bell, J. S., Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge, England: Cam-
bridge University Press, 1993.
4 The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/50774-250725051910-0b808421/75/New-Photonics-Technologies-for-the-Information-Age-1st-edition-Edition-Shoichi-Sudo-21-2048.jpg)
![C H A P T E R 2
New Frontiers of Discovery and
Innovation
Robert L. Byer
Stanford University
Stanford, California
Introduction
Although I am not an expert on IT, I appreciate the dream of ubiquitous IT services.
To achieve this dream we begin with technical achievements, innovation and inven-
tion. These technical achievements are often motivated by audacious goals that
place the dream into a context and points to the future that extends beyond technol-
ogy to include global political and economic systems.
Since we are technologists, I will start on familiar turf and discuss the process of
discovery and innovation. I use as examples the outcomes of research in progress
during the year Dr. Sudo spent at Ginzton Laboratory as a visiting scientist.
Through a series of evolutionary steps, his early work led to developments that
ranged from quasi-phase-matched nonlinear interactions to laser remote sensing
and to the ultimate in precision measurements, the goal of detecting and observing
gravitational waves generated at the beginning of time and space.
At the next level we must motivate a community to adopt a new idea or a new
approach by sharing a vision of the future. We must understand the context in
which we plan, develop, and commercialize technology. In this chapter, I refer to
Silicon Valley as a successful economic model for the development of technology for
commercial applications, and discuss the way in which Silicon Valley has gone
global and the role it might play in NTT’s dream of ubiquitous IT services. I then
explore the role that Stanford University has played in the success of Silicon Valley.
I close with a brief discussion of technology adoption and the time frames for
achieving widespread application and significant impact on society.
I would first like to say something about Dr. Sudo of NTT. He arrived at Stan-
ford in 1987. I had met him a year earlier when I visited his laboratory at NTT. Dur-
ing that visit he shared his dream regarding the next generation of optical fibers for
telecommunications. Subsequently, he came to Stanford for a year to study in our
group with a view to understanding some of the science and technologies that we
were studying in our laser research programs.
In 1987, Dr. Sudo presented me with a book that he coauthored with Dr. Izawa
[1]. At that time we were both thinking about the important research ideas that lay
5](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/50774-250725051910-0b808421/75/New-Photonics-Technologies-for-the-Information-Age-1st-edition-Edition-Shoichi-Sudo-22-2048.jpg)
![ahead of us. That book was based upon a breakthrough in technology—the optical
fiber—that when properly engineered, transmits lightwaves over extraordinarily
long distances and conducts information at an unprecedented rate. This is a funda-
mental technology breakthrough that happens perhaps once every 25 to 50 years.
Using this breakthrough as a foundation, technologists have built the fiber optic
communication networks that are the basis for what might be called ubiquitous IT
technology.
Inventions, Inventors, Patents, and Copyrights
Each year I present a lecture to graduate students at Stanford entitled “Invention,
Inventors, Patents, and Copyrights.” The aim of the lecture is to suggest ways of
realizing an invention, and to show how the invention can be developed and serve
the community in an important way. Asking the right question motivates the process
of invention. The problem to be solved must be understood in an overall context. A
far-seeing inventor recognizes that the application of current technology is at an end
and a new approach is needed.
I pose the following questions to the students in my lecture. First, What is an
invention? An invention involves fundamental ideas, perhaps a novel combination
of ideas. Next, How does one approach making an invention? Most students do not
ask themselves this question. One part of the answer relates to the big picture. Can
you imagine a future where your invention will be critical? Another part of the
answer relates to understanding the problem that for which a solution is sought.
This enables the inventor to ask the critical question that may lead to a discovery.
However, realizing an invention may still require considerable persistence. Hugh
Aitken said, “What is new about the invention is the novelty of the combina-
tion—the way the elements are put together.” He wrote this in his history of radio
called The Continuous Wave. One hundred and twenty years ago the radio had just
been invented and the words coherence, heterodyne, and superheterodyne were
coined. The discovery, development, and the universal acceptance of the radio are
an apt illustration of invention, technology development, and adoption to wide-
spread use with an impact on society.
In 1986, a patent was issued to coinventors in my research group and Professor
Martin Fejer [2]. The patent was for an invention related to the growth of single-
crystal optical fibers; fibers that might be used to generate, amplify, and transmit
light. When Dr. Sudo visited the Ginzton Laboratory we were investigating laser
heated pedestal growth to prepare single-crystal fibers of the nonlinear crystal lith-
ium niobate. To do this we employed a carbon dioxide laser to provide a small mol-
ten zone from which we grew a single-crystal fiber. These oriented single-crystal
fibers could be submillimeter in diameter. At the time our goal was to create nonlin-
ear optical fibers that could act as guided wave structures and thus realize more effi-
cient nonlinear frequency conversion.
Dr. Sudo selected an area of study based on the notion that if we are going to fab-
ricate guided wave single-crystal fibers, we must invent a cladding for the fibers to
realize the propagation of light at low loss. His work led to a coinvention, with Stan-
ford faculty members and students, of claddings for single-crystal optical fibers [3].
6 New Frontiers of Discovery and Innovation](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/50774-250725051910-0b808421/75/New-Photonics-Technologies-for-the-Information-Age-1st-edition-Edition-Shoichi-Sudo-23-2048.jpg)
![Unfortunately, but not unlikely in retrospect, this patent has had no commercial
value. Perhaps only one patent in fifty leads to commercial success. However, this
patent prepared the groundwork for a subsequent patent that was issued a couple of
years later for a guided wave optical fiber amplifier. Professor Shaw and Michel
Digonnet are the inventors of a patent for the WDM pumped guided wave optical
fiber amplifier. That patent has proved to be of considerable value to Stanford Uni-
versity.
Professor N. Bloembergen, a Nobel laureate, founded the field of nonlinear
optics in 1962. In 1968 he was granted a patent for a basic idea entitled “Apparatus
for Converting Light Energy from One Frequency to Another” [4]. This patent
describes the idea of phasematching by periodically varying the sign of the nonlin-
ear coefficient, now referred to as quasi-phasematching (QPM). However, by the
time quasi-phasematching was realized experimentally in the laboratory, Bloember-
gen’s fundamental patent had expired. As often happens, his patent was too early.
It was Professor Fejer who realized that the lithium niobate crystal fibers grew
with a fixed orientation of their ferroelectric polarization domain. He suggested
that by modulating the temperature or the growth rate we might be able to grow
periodically reversed ferroelectric domains and thus realize quasi-phasematching
for efficient nonlinear frequency conversion. One of the early structures that we pre-
pared by modulated growth was a periodically poled lithium niobate single-crystal
fiber with a 4-µm domain period. That fiber was used to generate blue radiation by
second harmonic generation [5].
If quasi-phasematched nonlinear materials can be fabricated in quantity and
low cost then there are potential applications to ubiquitous IT for signal processing.
Single-crystal fibers are no longer used for frequency conversion, but the research
opened new approaches and led to quasi-phasematched devices based on low-cost
wafer scale processing using well-developed lithographic tools. Today we routinely
prepare wafers of periodically poled lithium niobate from which we fabricate non-
linear chips. Based on the rapid progress at the time, I made a prediction in 1993
that by the end of the decade quasi-phasematched nonlinear optical devices would
be in widespread use. I was wrong. It did not happen that quickly. The best we can
do is to prepare the way for a new technology and be persistent in moving toward
applications.
Big Audacious Goals
Remote air pollution sensing motivated our early work on tunable lasers [6]. We
used flash lamp pumped Nd:YAG lasers to pump 1.4- to 4.3-µm tunable parametric
oscillators and were successful in detecting atmospheric CO2
, SO2
, carbon monox-
ide, methane, water vapor, and temperature. An outcome of our early work was to
ask the question: What is the most important remote sensing experiment that we
can envision? We elected to take a global view.
After considerable discussion, we decided that the most important measure-
ment, over the long term, was global wind sensing. If we could make a laser trans-
mitter with less than 1-MHz linewidth, 10% electrical efficiency, and 100W of
average power, and fly it on a satellite at 400 km, we could perform global wind
Big Audacious Goals 7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/50774-250725051910-0b808421/75/New-Photonics-Technologies-for-the-Information-Age-1st-edition-Edition-Shoichi-Sudo-24-2048.jpg)
![sensing. The capability would have a major impact on what we know about the
Earth’s atmosphere as a whole. This is an example of a big, audacious, and far-
reaching goal.
Another example of an audacious goal in fundamental science is the detection of
gravitational waves. We have joined with scientists at the Laser Interferometer
Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO), and the Laser Interferometer Space
Antenna (LISA) to develop precision laser interferometers capable of detecting
gravitational waves. I discuss the progress toward the detection of gravitational
waves below.
Another audacious goal that fits comfortably on this list is the realization of
ubiquitous IT services on a global scale.
Global Wind Sensing
Our goal for the past 20 years has been to invent, demonstrate, and fabricate a laser
source that would meet the global wind sensing requirements and that could be
launched into orbit around the earth. The laser transmitter and telescope receiver
would use coherent laser radar, to sense the direction of the wind above the surface
of the earth as first proposed by Milton Huffaker in 1978 [7]. This was an extremely
difficult technical challenge when we began the research effort in 1980.
The challenge prompted ideas and new approaches to solid-state lasers. Moti-
vated by remote wind sensing, we undertook the first experimental steps to investi-
gate a diode-pumped solid-state laser in 1984 to meet the efficiency, operational
reliability, and linewidth requirements for a space-based laser transmitter [8]. For
our very first experiment we borrowed a laser diode from Toshiba Corporation. We
focused this diode into a small crystal of Nd:YAG and we realized an output power
of 2 mW. Figure 2.1 shows the components of that first laser diode-pumped
Nd:YAG laser [8]. The penny in the background represents the relative cost of fun-
damental research in a university laboratory.
8 New Frontiers of Discovery and Innovation
Figure 2.1 Photograph of the three elements of the first laser diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser con-
structed at Stanford. The laser operated with 2 mW of output power at 25% slope efficiency.
(After: [8].)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/50774-250725051910-0b808421/75/New-Photonics-Technologies-for-the-Information-Age-1st-edition-Edition-Shoichi-Sudo-25-2048.jpg)
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— i23 — Pijckenet (ou Pijckevet) (.') ( Willelmus), échevin
de Bois-le-D'uc, H77 : une étoile a cihq rais, accompagnée au canton
senestre d'un trèfle. L. : codvc (Dusseldorf,Coramanderie de liirsen,
N° 57). Pickere (Henri de), échevin de l'empereur de Rome(!), comte
de Flandre, a Deijnze, 1522 : un coq (Deijnse, c. h). Pijckevet, voir
Pijckenet. Pijckout. Simon l'icout, échevin du prévôt de Wulfsdonck,
à Moerbeke (Waes), 1377 : un chevron, chargé de trois fers de
pique, celui du milieu attaché ii sa hampe, qui broche sur le champ.
L. : Pikhovt (/.injvcliv). — Simon l'ijçkqut, lieutenant de l'ainman de
la chàteiirnie du Vieux-Hqurg, a Gand, 1 179 : un chevron . . .
(fruste) il',. C. II., Acquits de Lille, 1. 1 10). Pijkoos (Henri), échevin
d'Aerschot, 1 113 (n. st.) : trois llrurs de lis, au pied coupé; au franc-
quartier brochant chargé d'un monde crucigère, accompagné au
canton seneslre d'une étoile ii cinq rais. L. : . Ilenric I'ikoo[t] scab
arsc . . (Abb. de Sainte-liertrude, ii Louvain, Dabi, relig., c. 3008, A.
G. 11.). — Henri Pikoes, échevin d'Aerschot, 1 1 18 : trois fleurs de
lis. au pied-coupé ; au franc-quartier brochant, chargé d'un globe
crucigère, le Lias senestre de la croix terminé, au haut, par une tige
verticale. L. : S lien oex scabiiti arscol (Abb. de SaintePicquigny.
Ferris de Pinkegni, rltlr., déclare que linon de Saint-Pol, lils de dame
Catherine, dame de I.euze et de Condel, héritera de sa mère une
rente sur la ville de Tournai, 1311 : fascé d'hermine et de . . . ; ii la
bordure (simple). Contre-Scel : même écu (Tournai, Chartrier). —
Ferris de Pinkegny, chevalier, conseiller du roi de France et inaitre
des requêtes de son hôtel, 1310 : même écu. Cq. couronné. C. : un
vase évasé (?), accosté de deux tiges pointues (piques). !.. : y oiH,
d'après Gelke, ère van P nkenyi. hom. du roi de France : f. soi! d'he
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![la chapelle de Sainte-Marie, et donne en garantie un cens de 3
norlns d'or sur un bien, sis. dans ladite ville, supra locum dietum de
HeeryraeUt, prés des biens du donateur, HOU, le 7 décembre (G., c,
XVI, I. 97). Pijl (Pierre), homme de fief du comte de Flandre, 1330 :
trois flèches, les pointes en bas, posées en bande et rangées en
barre, et un lambel brochant (Chartes des comtes de Flandre) (PI.
20, tig. 517). — (Jean), échevin de Tielrucde brouc (Thielrode, au
pays de Waes), 1420 : une flèche renversée. L. : Sigillv Ian l'iil
(Baron de Maere d'Aertrijcke). — (Cilles) lient, du château de.
Termonde, un lief ii llerlaere, 1130 : une flèche émoussée, posée en
fasce, contournée, surmontée de trois merleltes. L. : à' Gdlis Py[ ]
(Fiefs, N° 3102) (PI. 20, lig. 518) (voir Horn, Ovelacker, Virneburg).
— (Pierre-Norbert), prêtre, possesseur de la chapellenie de Saint-
Vincent, au grand autel de la collégiale de Courtrai, et de deux
chapellenies à l'autel des Saints-Jacques-et-Christophe, remet, au
gouvernement autrichien, l'état des biens afférents à ces fondations,
1 787, le 11 avril : d'azur au chevron, accompagné en chef de deux
lions affrontés et en pointe d'une flèche. C. fruste (cachets, sans L.,
en cire rouge) (C. G. H., reg. -10003). Pijlarz. Jacques l'ilartz (signe :
l'ijlarz), curé de Hillcnslierg, district et juridiction de Sittard, évèché
de Liège, remet, au gouvernement autrichien, l'état des biens
afférents a sa cure, 1787, le 23 avril : un mont alésé, mouvant des
bord de l'éeu, sommé d'un perron, soutenant une colonne, sommée
d'une boule, le tout accompagné d'un soleil, mouvant du canton
dextre. C : une flèche (cachet, sans L., en cire rouge) (C. C. IS.,reg.
-10002;. Pilavoine (Sœur Marguerite), maîtresse des Sceurs grises
de l'hôpital Saint-Jean, à Mons, 1-103 : dans le champ du sceau,
ogival, petit module, un personnage (sainte?); dans le bas, un écu
au champ d'avoine ('!). L. : S des grises de lustel dieu de Mous
(Tournai, Chartreux), Pile, voir ESPESSE. Pilipert. Arnoldus Pijlepert,
échevin de Léau, 1-173 : trois roses, accompagnées au point du chef
d'une étoile a cinq rais; au chef chargé de trois maillets penchés. L. :
S Arnohli l'ilijiert scabi leuen (Couvent de Mariendael, a Diesl, Rtabl.
relig., c. 4686, A. C. If.). (f, in de l.i point du 1 18](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/50774-250725051910-0b808421/75/New-Photonics-Technologies-for-the-Information-Age-1st-edition-Edition-Shoichi-Sudo-29-2048.jpg)
![a son frère aine. Coin acte les sceaux spectabil I (le s, comitis
Vycncnsis (de Vianden), Cimradi, domini de Carjwna (Kerpcn), et
ArnoUti, domini de l'iltingen, 1337 (voie le N" 197 de l'inventaire
imprimé); Arnould, seigneur de l'ytting (voir Kerpen), 1313 : une
croix recercelée et un bâton brochant. L. : >J< S' secreli Arnoldi dni
de l'itiny . (Archives de l'Etat, à Metz, Seigneurie de Clervaux ;
Luxembourg, c. IV, 1. XVI, N»21). GELiit donne à Pietinrjen. homme
de IVévique» de Trêves : de gueules à la croix recercelée d'or. Le cq.
d'or. Volet : parti d'argent et de sable, doublé d'azur. C. : un chapeau
de tournoi, parti d'argent et de sable, garni d'un vol de sable et
d'argent. Pittange. Mvrgriele, vrouwe van l'uttinghen, ende Amolli,
heerc van der selver slede, ruddere, har wettelike man ende voccht
(son sceau est tombé), ende Florenche van Itubemonl, vrouwe van
Chin, ende Gillis, hecre van dier selver slede, ruddere, terminent, par
un accord, un procès, pendant à Audenarde ; les 1«« cèdent aux
seconds certains droits provenant de la mère de ladite Marguerite,
laquelle mère était, jadis, femme de sire Eustache van Rubcmonl,
chevalier (il s'agit, entre autres, d'une partie d'Audeiiarde et de
terres entre Marlie IMaercke] et lionne [rtenaiv]). 1333, le 13 de
hoijmaende (juillet) : éeartelé ; aux 1" et i", une croix ancrée; aux
2'' et 3'', un biuvlé cl un lion (couronné?) brochant (Houffalize). L. :
de l'it (Archives de l'Etat, a Luxembourg, fonds de lleinach). • —
Arnaull, sires de l'illenyes, chevalier, prononce un arbitrage entre
ceux de Schuenberch (Schûnberg. village disparu, près de Kelilen) et
de Kelden (Kelden), d'une part, et des particuliers, 1334, le jour dou
S. Sacremant nostre signour : une croix ancrée. C. cassé. L. : rnol .i
de (1res easséj (Arnhem, Chartes de Luxembourg). o — Arnoull,
herre su l'ittinge/l ind su Bucche (ou llitlthe f) et Maryarcle von
Hoy/falgse, sa femme, déclarent avoir remis en gage, der eyrber
edilre frouicen Jutten, frouwen su Uerperch (Bcrbourg) ind su
llogenbcrch (lloinbourg?), moyennant 200 petits florins : unsen
hoy/fsu Manternach, den man nennel den hoyffvon l'iltingen, avec
appartenances, et la moitié de leur moulin, 130,'j, des sammestayes
na unser heiliger frouen daye klyvel messen : une croix ancrée. C. :
un grand pluinail, en forme d'éventail. L. : . S dni Arnoldi (Ibid., N»
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![RiÙlr. Nous décrirons le sceau de Gerart van Creije dans le
Supplément. Plettenberg. Ilunold de l'icllenbrachl, chcva.ier, scelle un
acte des burgraves de Slroinbcrg*, L3S2 : parti de . . . (hachuré) et
de . . . . L. : . . vnohli de l'ielebree . . (Dusseldorf, M.-lietg, N° Ew5).
Oti.uE donne ainsi le blason de lier Uuenoll (llnenoll) van
l'Iettenberch, homme de IV é'vêque» de Cologne : i de tournoi de I
éc Plehier. .-trfa»i U Plaijere[s], l'Iaiidre, h Douai, 1591 (n. 21' chargé
en chef d'un lézard br l'ichier (Namur, V 228). le de uiiil. L. : ifrAdan
Pleke'.Vn Jan Clillijs Woulers . ne, ldi:i : une étoile i (rnmêlc.Y) (Sa
Agilis) Plecker (Xieotas-Philippi de Raadt, t. III ■). licencie en al au
quartier d ,iirsso,:,nl,|H.,v - Ileidenrich van l'Icllenbraijld, chevalier,
conseiller du comte de la Mark, 1393 : parti de ... et de Cq.
couronné. C. : un vol (Dusseld., Col., N« HG3). - Jean van
l'ieltcnbrachl, chevalier, a élé nommé, par l'archevêque de Cologne,
bailli de Meiulen et chargé de la défense du château et du bailliage
de Mcndon, 1394 : même écu (Ibid., .V 1172). - Jleidenreich, fils
aine dudil Jean, 139i : parti; au cr, plain; au 2'1, un soc de charrue
renversé (Ibid.) (voir Pentling, Rubeinpré, Wolf). Jute-Edmond [de
BrahecU), évêque de llildesheiin, prince du Saint-Empire Romain,
atteste, à l'abbesse de Nivelles, que damolselle Marie-Agnès,
baronne de Plettenberg, du côté paternel, est gentilfemme,
d'ancienne noblessemlUUlre, MledemessIreChrétten-
GuIllaumeFerdlnand, baron de Plettenberg et de Grevel, et
d'Olympe-Thérese Madeleine, née comtesse d'Arberg et Valangln;
petite-fille de mesure Christophe, baron ■de Plettenberg, de Schn
arr .-enter;/ (Sehwarzcnberg) et Grevel, et d'Anne- Lucie, baronne
de Plettenberg, de Lenhausen, Stncltheim (Stoekuin) et MarhuUen
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New Photonics Technologies for the Information Age 1st edition Edition Shoichi Sudo
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- 5. New Photonics Technologiesfor the Information Age 1st edition Edition Shoichi Sudo Digital Instant Download Author(s): Shoichi Sudo, Katsunari Okamoto ISBN(s): 9781580536974, 1580536972 Edition: 1st edition File Details: PDF, 7.79 MB Year: 2004 Language: english
- 6. New Photonics Technologies forthe Information Age The Dream of Ubiquitous Services
- 7. For a listingof recent titles in the Artech House Optoelectronics Library, turn to the back of this book.
- 8. New Photonics Technologies forthe Information Age The Dream of Ubiquitous Services Shoichi Sudo Katsunari Okamoto Editors Artech House, Inc. Boston • London www.artechhouse.com
- 9. Library of CongressCataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record of this book is available from the U.S. Library of Congress. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data International Symposium on New Frontiers for Ubiquitous IT Services (2003: Atsugi R&D Center) New photonics technologies for the information age: the dream of ubiquitous services.— (Artech House optoelectronics library) 1. Photonics—Congresses 2. Ubiquitous computing—Congresses 3. Optical communications—Congresses I. Title II. Sudo, S. (Shoichi) III. Okamoto, Katsunari, 1949– 621.3’6 ISBN 1-58053-696-4 Cover design by Igor Valdman © 2004 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation. All rights reserved. Chapter 6 is not subject to copyright in the United States. All rights reserved. Printed and bound in the United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, includ- ing photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. All terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Artech House cannot attest to the accuracy of this informa- tion. Use of a term in this book should not be regarded as affecting the validity of any trade- mark or service mark. International Standard Book Number: 1-58053-696-4 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
- 10. A human beingis only a reed, the weakest in nature, but he is a thinking reed. To crush him, the whole universe does not have to arm itself. A mist, a drop of water, is enough to kill him. But if the universe were to crush the reed, the man would be nobler than his killer, since he knows that he is dying, and that the universe has the advantage over him. The universe knows nothing about this. All our dignity consists therefore of thought. It is from there that we must be lifted up and not from space and time, which we could never fill. So let us work on thinking well. That is the principle of morality. —Blaise Pascal, Pensées None is of freedom or of life deserving Unless he daily conquers it anew. —Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Faust
- 11.
- 12. Contents Preface xi CHAPTER 1 TheDream of Ubiquitous IT Services 1 Introduction 1 Scope of This Book 1 The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services 2 References 4 CHAPTER 2 New Frontiers of Discovery and Innovation 5 Introduction 5 Inventions, Inventors, Patents, and Copyrights 6 Big Audacious Goals 7 Global Wind Sensing 8 LIGO, LISA, and Gravitational Waves 10 The Big Picture: Silicon Valley Goes Global 13 Technology Adoption 15 Concluding Remarks 16 References 16 CHAPTER 3 Photonic Crystal Fibers in Communications and Sensing 19 Introduction 19 Fabrication Techniques 21 Band Structure of the Photonic Crystal Cladding 21 Modal Filtering: An Endlessly Single-Mode PCF 23 Supercontinuum Generation 25 Sound and Light in PCF 28 Hollow-Core PCFs 30 Applications of Hollow-Core PCFs 32 Intra-PCF Devices 35 Final Comments 36 Acknowledgments 36 References 37 vii
- 13. CHAPTER 4 Femtosecond PulseProcessing and Applications to Optical Communications 39 Acknowledgments 64 References 64 CHAPTER 5 Global Network: Prospects for the Future 69 Introduction 69 Fiber Networks 69 Ultrahigh Reliability LAN 73 Wireless Communications 74 Space Networks 75 Innovative Space Architectures 77 Summary 79 CHAPTER 6 Standards for Optical Communications and Sensing 83 References 91 CHAPTER 7 Physics and Applications of Nanophotonics 93 Introduction 93 Theoretical Study of a Nanophotonic Switch 95 Principle of a Nanophotonic Switch 95 Energy Transfer Induced by Optical Near-Field Interaction 97 Observation of a Dipole-Forbidden Energy Transfer for a Nanophotonic Switch 109 Fabrication and Characterization of Nanopatterns by Optical Near Field 114 Nonresonant Near-Field Optical Chemical Vapor Deposition of Zn 114 Observation of Size-Dependent Features in the Photoluminescence of ZnO Nanocrystallites 118 Plasmon Waveguide for Optical Far/Near-Field Conversion 121 Principle of a Plasmon Waveguide 121 Excitation and Observation of 1-D Plasmon Mode 123 A Key Device for Generation/Detection of Optical Near Field 125 Metallized Pyramidal Silicon Probe 125 Fabrication of a Metallized Pyramidal Silicon Probe and Observation of Localized Plasmon Resonance 127 Application to High-Density and High-Speed Optical Memory 129 Optical Near-Field Slider 129 Fabrication of Optical Near-Field Slider and Recording-Readout Experiments 130 Summary 132 Acknowledgments 133 References 133 viii Contents
- 14. CHAPTER 8 Optical CoherenceTomography and the Related Techniques for Biomedical Applications 139 References 156 CHAPTER 9 Optical Fiber Sensors for Smart Materials/Structures and Optical Communications 159 Introduction 159 Distributed and Multiplexed Fiber-Optic Sensing 159 Synthesis of Optical Coherence Function 161 Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Analysis 161 Brillouin Scattering 161 BOCDA Technique 163 High Spatial Resolution Distributed Strain Measurement 165 Dynamic Strain Measurement 166 Demonstration of Smart Materials and Smart Structures 169 Distributed Fiber-Optic Force Sensing 173 Reflectometry for FTTH 174 FBG Multiplexed Sensing 175 Conclusion 176 References 177 CHAPTER 10 A Near-Field Sensing Transceiver for Intrabody Communications 181 Introduction 181 Near-Field-Sensing Transceiver 182 Electric-Field Model 182 Electric-Field-Sensor Unit 183 Configuration of the Transceiver 185 Experimental Results 187 Waveform Estimation on Phantom Model 187 Intrabody Communication 188 Communications Test 189 Conclusion 190 Acknowledgments 191 References 191 CHAPTER 11 Millimeter-Wave Photonic Technologies for Communications and Sensor Applications 193 Introduction 193 Light Waves and Radio Waves 194 Progress in Key Component Technologies 194 Optical MMW Sources 195 O-E Conversion Devices 197 Contents ix
- 15. Integrated MMW Emitter198 Communications Applications 201 Sensor Applications 204 Conclusion 209 Acknowledgments 209 References 210 About the Editors 213 Index 215 x Contents
- 16. Preface History has seenthe development of many important types of technology, including ships, trains, cars, electricity, and telecommunications. Ubiquitous information tech- nology (IT) services should eventually join this group but at present they seem to be just a dream for the future. Webster’s Dictionary defines ubiquitous as “being or existing everywhere at the same time,” and so ubiquitous IT services appear to indi- cate a kind of dream world where we possess abilities that are beyond time and space. If we are to realize such super abilities, ubiquitous IT services will require a number of very specific tools, for example, photonic, electrical, and micromecha- tronic tools, various sensing tools, and a new communication tool. At the same time, we believe that a substantial change is taking place in IT serv- ices, namely, from a small “i” and a large “T” to a large “I” and a small “t,” as shown in Figure P.1. This represents an expansion of human abilities and a customer-centered structure. We are confident that ubiquitous IT services corre- spond precisely to this change in IT services, because they are not only network serv- ices but also “I-centered” or “human-centered” services designed to promote individual empowerment. Ubiquitous IT services are just beginning to emerge and the time is coming when we will launch a new IT age that can provide such services. We will then be able to utilize IT services everywhere simultaneously whenever we so desire. The International Symposium on New Frontiers for Ubiquitous IT Services introduced many excellent technologies in fields including photonics, electronics, micromechatronics, sensing, new networks, and new communication schemes, with the goal of realizing such ubiquitous IT services for the future. xi Network Network Customer Customer Small iT to Large It services Figure P.1 What is happening to IT services now?
- 17. This international symposiumwas realized through the help of many people. We express our sincere thanks to Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) Corpora- tion and its executives, all of whom offered their support, with special thanks to Dr. Yoh’ichi Tohkura, former executive manager of the NTT Science and Core Technol- ogy Laboratory Group. We also offer our gratitude to Dr. T. Nagatsuma, Dr. M. Kitamura, Dr. Y. Sato, Dr. T. Haga, Dr. J. Kobayashi, Ms. M. Sasaki, and Ms. K. Yamazaki for their enthusiastic work in helping to organize this symposium and realize this book. Moreover, we express our deep appreciation to Mr. Mark Walsh and Mrs. Christine Daniele of Artech House for their quick decision-making, critical comments, and encouragement with respect to the development and publication of this book. Shoichi Sudo, Kanagawa, Japan Katsunari Okamoto, Ibaraki, Japan September 2004 xii Preface
- 18. C H AP T E R 1 The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services Shoichi Sudo NTT Microsystem Integration Laboratories Introduction A worldwide revolution has taken place in the field of information technology. This has been brought about largely through the arrival of three great technologies. The first of these is optical technology, which includes wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission systems capable of very large transmission capacities. The sec- ond is wireless technology, in particular low-power wireless transmission technol- ogy and codec (coder/decoder) technology. The third is Internet technology, which includes the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and various kinds of software. Of course, these technologies have been realized based on the rapid and stable growth of very large scale integration (VLSI) technology. The merger of these technologies has led to a new age in which the ability to communicate and handle information is directly related to human activities and well being. This “Information Age” is now clearly upon us. For example, optical fiber communication has had a dramatic impact on the ability to transmit informa- tion, and wireless communication has enabled us to realize very convenient access between locations. In addition, the Internet provides us with a reliable communication scheme even if the network is slightly unstable. Consequently these great technologies have the potential to offer us ubiquitous IT services. The time is coming when we will launch a new age in which ubiquitous information technology and services will be available to all. At present, this may appear to be a kind of dream world where we possess abilities that are beyond time and space. However, this is just the beginning; we are approaching the dawn of the new information age. Scope of This Book We have collected together the stimulating papers that were presented at the Inter- national Symposium on New Frontiers for Ubiquitous IT Services held at NTT’s Atsugi R&D Center from May 27–28, 2003. A number of eminent speakers came all the way from the United States and Europe, and also from within Japan to con- tribute to this symposium’s success. Those who attended enjoyed some excellent presentations and discussions regarding this pioneering technology whose goal is to usher in a new age of ubiquitous IT services. 1
- 19. The topics coveredby the meeting and this book include: • The renaissance of physics and technology for ubiquitous IT services; • New photonics, electronics, and micromechatronics applications for biology and ubiquitous medical sensing; • New communication schemes for ubiquitous IT services. The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services The dream of ubiquitous services may appear to be an ambitious and perhaps slightly fantastic title, but it is based on the premise that we are about to enter a new age of information technology. First, we must ask ourselves the questions: What is science? and What is technology? to clarify the foundations on which this new age will be built. Science is a branch of pure learning. Its aim is intellectual satisfaction, the clarification of unknown fields, and the discovery of new aspects of nature and human society. Technology focuses more directly on practical applications that are useful to mankind. One important way of meeting that requirement could be provided by ubiqui- tous IT services. Throughout history we have developed many important types of technology including ships, trains, cars, electricity, and telecommunications, and ubiquitous IT services could be next in this line. Webster’s Dictionary defines “ubiq- uitous” as “being or existing everywhere at the same time.” This seems to transport us into a kind of dream, since ubiquitous IT services should be able to provide us with superhuman abilities. “Ubiquitous” suggests abilities that are beyond time and space and perhaps makes us think of that great childhood hero, Superman, and his ability to travel beyond time and space. However, Superman needs very specific tools to provide him with his superpow- ers. He needs, for example, photonic, electrical, and micromechatronic tools, vari- ous sensing tools, and a new communication tool. These tools have very specific properties. For example, the photonic toolrequires an extremely pure light with an ultranarrow spectrum and a very wide frequency tuning range. In scientific terms, quantum mechanics itself is ubiquitous. Those involved in developing and improving quantum mechanics are indicating that the wave function exists everywhere simultaneously, in the same way as a ubiquitous state. The Einstein, Podolsky, and Roden (EPR) paradox [1] and Bell’s theorem are notable for indicating an implied mechanism in quantum mechanics and nature’s characteristics [2, 3]. A renowned physicist, David Bohm, wrote books entitled Wholeness and the Implicate Order [4] and The Undivided Universe [5], and J. S. Bell wrote a book entitled Speak- able and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics [6]. Their works suggest that nature itself is a ubiquitous state at a deep level. However, the main goal of our meeting and this book is not scientific discussion, it is to present and discuss new frontiers for ubiquitous IT services, and this brings us back to information technology. Currently, IT services are undergoing a great change, focusing less on the “T” and more on the “I.” This represents the expansion of human abilities and a customer-centered structure. 2 The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services
- 20. Ubiquitous IT consistsof “I-centered” technologies and services. In part, this means the expansion of human power and abilities, sometimes called human empowerment. It also means a content revolution, and achieve this we need many basic technologies. Eventually we will be able to develop this power beyond time and space. Ubiquitous IT services are just beginning. The time is coming when we will launch a new information technology age in which such services are available. Then we will be able to utilize IT services everywhere at the same time whenever we need them. Moreover, ubiquitous IT services are not only network services but also I-centered or human-centered services designed to promote individual empower- ment. One of the keys to ubiquitous IT services is that “anyone, anything, any- where” and “only for you, only for us” services should be realized, because they are of particular importance. That is, they are I-centered or human-centered services that satisfy the requirements of both convenience and privacy. As shown in Figure 1.1, we will need many excellent technologies to realize such ubiquitous IT services, including those in the fields of photonics, electronics, micro- mechatronics, sensing, new networks, and new communication schemes. These technologies should in turn lead to other developments such as the ad hoc network of wireless technology in which individuals, sensors, and cellular phones communi- cate directly without the need for a backbone network. We eagerly await the arrival of such new technologies for ubiquitous services. We hope this book will give readers the chance to take a look at the cutting edge technology that will be used to realize ubiquitous IT services. Of course, ubiquitous The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services 3 Fundamental technologies Technology fields for ubiquitous IT services Ubiquitous IT services Ubiquitous integration Nanotechnology Optics & Photonics Low-power electronics Micromachining nm-order thin film New materials Ultra -fine fabrication Nanotechnology Optics and photonics Low-power electronics Micromachining nm-order thin film New materials Ultra-fine fabrication Anytime Anywhere Anyone Only for you Only for us + T e c h n o l o g y T e c h n o l o g y Ubiquitous communication Recognition and identification Display Memory Energy Sensor Contents revolution New communication technology Ubiquitous software Ubiquitous hardware Should satisfy both requirements Figure 1.1 Key technologies for ubiquitous IT services.
- 21. IT services requiredevelopment over a much wider technical spectrum than described in this book. They cover fields including software technology, security, and network architecture that are beyond the scope of our symposium and this book. Nevertheless, we sincerely hope that this book will be the trigger for other international symposia and discussions that will lead ultimately to ubiquitous IT services that will benefit us all. References [1] Einstein, A., B. Podolsky, and N. Rosen, “Can Quantum-Mechanics Description of Reality Be Considered Complete?” Phys. Rev., Vol. 47, 1935, pp. 777–780. [2] Bell, J. S., “On the Impossible Pilot Wave,” Found. Phys., Vol. 12, 1982, pp. 989–999. [3] Bell, J. S., “Against Measurement,” Phys. World, Vol. 3, 1990, pp. 33–40. [4] Bohm, D., Wholeness and the Implicate Order, New York: Routledge, 1992. [5] Bohm, D., and B. J. Hiley, The Undivided Universe: An Ontological Interpretation of Quantum Theory, New York: Routledge, 1993. [6] Bell, J. S., Speakable and Unspeakable in Quantum Mechanics, Cambridge, England: Cam- bridge University Press, 1993. 4 The Dream of Ubiquitous IT Services
- 22. C H AP T E R 2 New Frontiers of Discovery and Innovation Robert L. Byer Stanford University Stanford, California Introduction Although I am not an expert on IT, I appreciate the dream of ubiquitous IT services. To achieve this dream we begin with technical achievements, innovation and inven- tion. These technical achievements are often motivated by audacious goals that place the dream into a context and points to the future that extends beyond technol- ogy to include global political and economic systems. Since we are technologists, I will start on familiar turf and discuss the process of discovery and innovation. I use as examples the outcomes of research in progress during the year Dr. Sudo spent at Ginzton Laboratory as a visiting scientist. Through a series of evolutionary steps, his early work led to developments that ranged from quasi-phase-matched nonlinear interactions to laser remote sensing and to the ultimate in precision measurements, the goal of detecting and observing gravitational waves generated at the beginning of time and space. At the next level we must motivate a community to adopt a new idea or a new approach by sharing a vision of the future. We must understand the context in which we plan, develop, and commercialize technology. In this chapter, I refer to Silicon Valley as a successful economic model for the development of technology for commercial applications, and discuss the way in which Silicon Valley has gone global and the role it might play in NTT’s dream of ubiquitous IT services. I then explore the role that Stanford University has played in the success of Silicon Valley. I close with a brief discussion of technology adoption and the time frames for achieving widespread application and significant impact on society. I would first like to say something about Dr. Sudo of NTT. He arrived at Stan- ford in 1987. I had met him a year earlier when I visited his laboratory at NTT. Dur- ing that visit he shared his dream regarding the next generation of optical fibers for telecommunications. Subsequently, he came to Stanford for a year to study in our group with a view to understanding some of the science and technologies that we were studying in our laser research programs. In 1987, Dr. Sudo presented me with a book that he coauthored with Dr. Izawa [1]. At that time we were both thinking about the important research ideas that lay 5
- 23. ahead of us.That book was based upon a breakthrough in technology—the optical fiber—that when properly engineered, transmits lightwaves over extraordinarily long distances and conducts information at an unprecedented rate. This is a funda- mental technology breakthrough that happens perhaps once every 25 to 50 years. Using this breakthrough as a foundation, technologists have built the fiber optic communication networks that are the basis for what might be called ubiquitous IT technology. Inventions, Inventors, Patents, and Copyrights Each year I present a lecture to graduate students at Stanford entitled “Invention, Inventors, Patents, and Copyrights.” The aim of the lecture is to suggest ways of realizing an invention, and to show how the invention can be developed and serve the community in an important way. Asking the right question motivates the process of invention. The problem to be solved must be understood in an overall context. A far-seeing inventor recognizes that the application of current technology is at an end and a new approach is needed. I pose the following questions to the students in my lecture. First, What is an invention? An invention involves fundamental ideas, perhaps a novel combination of ideas. Next, How does one approach making an invention? Most students do not ask themselves this question. One part of the answer relates to the big picture. Can you imagine a future where your invention will be critical? Another part of the answer relates to understanding the problem that for which a solution is sought. This enables the inventor to ask the critical question that may lead to a discovery. However, realizing an invention may still require considerable persistence. Hugh Aitken said, “What is new about the invention is the novelty of the combina- tion—the way the elements are put together.” He wrote this in his history of radio called The Continuous Wave. One hundred and twenty years ago the radio had just been invented and the words coherence, heterodyne, and superheterodyne were coined. The discovery, development, and the universal acceptance of the radio are an apt illustration of invention, technology development, and adoption to wide- spread use with an impact on society. In 1986, a patent was issued to coinventors in my research group and Professor Martin Fejer [2]. The patent was for an invention related to the growth of single- crystal optical fibers; fibers that might be used to generate, amplify, and transmit light. When Dr. Sudo visited the Ginzton Laboratory we were investigating laser heated pedestal growth to prepare single-crystal fibers of the nonlinear crystal lith- ium niobate. To do this we employed a carbon dioxide laser to provide a small mol- ten zone from which we grew a single-crystal fiber. These oriented single-crystal fibers could be submillimeter in diameter. At the time our goal was to create nonlin- ear optical fibers that could act as guided wave structures and thus realize more effi- cient nonlinear frequency conversion. Dr. Sudo selected an area of study based on the notion that if we are going to fab- ricate guided wave single-crystal fibers, we must invent a cladding for the fibers to realize the propagation of light at low loss. His work led to a coinvention, with Stan- ford faculty members and students, of claddings for single-crystal optical fibers [3]. 6 New Frontiers of Discovery and Innovation
- 24. Unfortunately, but notunlikely in retrospect, this patent has had no commercial value. Perhaps only one patent in fifty leads to commercial success. However, this patent prepared the groundwork for a subsequent patent that was issued a couple of years later for a guided wave optical fiber amplifier. Professor Shaw and Michel Digonnet are the inventors of a patent for the WDM pumped guided wave optical fiber amplifier. That patent has proved to be of considerable value to Stanford Uni- versity. Professor N. Bloembergen, a Nobel laureate, founded the field of nonlinear optics in 1962. In 1968 he was granted a patent for a basic idea entitled “Apparatus for Converting Light Energy from One Frequency to Another” [4]. This patent describes the idea of phasematching by periodically varying the sign of the nonlin- ear coefficient, now referred to as quasi-phasematching (QPM). However, by the time quasi-phasematching was realized experimentally in the laboratory, Bloember- gen’s fundamental patent had expired. As often happens, his patent was too early. It was Professor Fejer who realized that the lithium niobate crystal fibers grew with a fixed orientation of their ferroelectric polarization domain. He suggested that by modulating the temperature or the growth rate we might be able to grow periodically reversed ferroelectric domains and thus realize quasi-phasematching for efficient nonlinear frequency conversion. One of the early structures that we pre- pared by modulated growth was a periodically poled lithium niobate single-crystal fiber with a 4-µm domain period. That fiber was used to generate blue radiation by second harmonic generation [5]. If quasi-phasematched nonlinear materials can be fabricated in quantity and low cost then there are potential applications to ubiquitous IT for signal processing. Single-crystal fibers are no longer used for frequency conversion, but the research opened new approaches and led to quasi-phasematched devices based on low-cost wafer scale processing using well-developed lithographic tools. Today we routinely prepare wafers of periodically poled lithium niobate from which we fabricate non- linear chips. Based on the rapid progress at the time, I made a prediction in 1993 that by the end of the decade quasi-phasematched nonlinear optical devices would be in widespread use. I was wrong. It did not happen that quickly. The best we can do is to prepare the way for a new technology and be persistent in moving toward applications. Big Audacious Goals Remote air pollution sensing motivated our early work on tunable lasers [6]. We used flash lamp pumped Nd:YAG lasers to pump 1.4- to 4.3-µm tunable parametric oscillators and were successful in detecting atmospheric CO2 , SO2 , carbon monox- ide, methane, water vapor, and temperature. An outcome of our early work was to ask the question: What is the most important remote sensing experiment that we can envision? We elected to take a global view. After considerable discussion, we decided that the most important measure- ment, over the long term, was global wind sensing. If we could make a laser trans- mitter with less than 1-MHz linewidth, 10% electrical efficiency, and 100W of average power, and fly it on a satellite at 400 km, we could perform global wind Big Audacious Goals 7
- 25. sensing. The capabilitywould have a major impact on what we know about the Earth’s atmosphere as a whole. This is an example of a big, audacious, and far- reaching goal. Another example of an audacious goal in fundamental science is the detection of gravitational waves. We have joined with scientists at the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO), and the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) to develop precision laser interferometers capable of detecting gravitational waves. I discuss the progress toward the detection of gravitational waves below. Another audacious goal that fits comfortably on this list is the realization of ubiquitous IT services on a global scale. Global Wind Sensing Our goal for the past 20 years has been to invent, demonstrate, and fabricate a laser source that would meet the global wind sensing requirements and that could be launched into orbit around the earth. The laser transmitter and telescope receiver would use coherent laser radar, to sense the direction of the wind above the surface of the earth as first proposed by Milton Huffaker in 1978 [7]. This was an extremely difficult technical challenge when we began the research effort in 1980. The challenge prompted ideas and new approaches to solid-state lasers. Moti- vated by remote wind sensing, we undertook the first experimental steps to investi- gate a diode-pumped solid-state laser in 1984 to meet the efficiency, operational reliability, and linewidth requirements for a space-based laser transmitter [8]. For our very first experiment we borrowed a laser diode from Toshiba Corporation. We focused this diode into a small crystal of Nd:YAG and we realized an output power of 2 mW. Figure 2.1 shows the components of that first laser diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser [8]. The penny in the background represents the relative cost of fun- damental research in a university laboratory. 8 New Frontiers of Discovery and Innovation Figure 2.1 Photograph of the three elements of the first laser diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser con- structed at Stanford. The laser operated with 2 mW of output power at 25% slope efficiency. (After: [8].)
- 26. Another Random ScribdDocument with Unrelated Content
- 27. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 11.83% accurate — 422 Piers (Oslo) présente, nu nom ,1m damoiseau Léon de Maulde, seigneur de Mauruo, connue père dcUeorgcs rte Maulde, procrée avee damoiselle Aldcgbnde de liaudion, fille d'Antoine, l'aveu d'un liçl rclevanl de Jeanne de Gavcrc, douairière de Kibçaucourt, ran.illeurenx, etc., dame de Masnuy-Saint-Pierre, llokcglicm, etc., du chef de sa seigneurie de ter ftuwcn 157-1 : trois liainaidcs (Êlseghem). — tl'icrrc), haut-bailli de la seigneurie de Herchem(- lezAiidenardr), pour ,/eanne de Kichardot, princesse 22 : trois étoiles (Gdd-.). Piet, voir Wijnants. Pieters, voir Peeters. Piétrain. Heijntsoen van fiettrheijm, jadis prisonnier à llasucilcr, sous le bailli du Brabant Wallon, Chitine; i. t. : ai moutons, 137i : un lion en chef a dextre et deux forces renversées, i en clief a seneslre. 1 eu pointe. L. ; * s lteneris(>is ct 7). - Jean Pickart déclare tenir, du seigneur de Wanglic un M a Wanghe (arriere-lief du duché de Brabant)' J4./0, le â août : même éco. L. : ...han....Kraert(Av. et dén., > 1027). — Guillaume Viekaerts, échevin de Saint-Trond, 1588 91, 1, 0 : même éeu. T. dextre : un homme sauvage' appuyant sa massue sur l'épaule dextre (Abbaye 'de Saint-Trond, c. Il, et Ordange) (PI. 20, uVsiO) (voir Pykart). Von ■it de Saint-Tront de gueules: besi Pickart, voir Pickaert. Picke (Adrien), maieur de la vierscliaer de Mehele (Waes), ! 135, 0, 7 : dans le champ du sceau, une
- 28. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 14.30% accurate — i23 — Pijckenet (ou Pijckevet) (.') ( Willelmus), échevin de Bois-le-D'uc, H77 : une étoile a cihq rais, accompagnée au canton senestre d'un trèfle. L. : codvc (Dusseldorf,Coramanderie de liirsen, N° 57). Pickere (Henri de), échevin de l'empereur de Rome(!), comte de Flandre, a Deijnze, 1522 : un coq (Deijnse, c. h). Pijckevet, voir Pijckenet. Pijckout. Simon l'icout, échevin du prévôt de Wulfsdonck, à Moerbeke (Waes), 1377 : un chevron, chargé de trois fers de pique, celui du milieu attaché ii sa hampe, qui broche sur le champ. L. : Pikhovt (/.injvcliv). — Simon l'ijçkqut, lieutenant de l'ainman de la chàteiirnie du Vieux-Hqurg, a Gand, 1 179 : un chevron . . . (fruste) il',. C. II., Acquits de Lille, 1. 1 10). Pijkoos (Henri), échevin d'Aerschot, 1 113 (n. st.) : trois llrurs de lis, au pied coupé; au franc- quartier brochant chargé d'un monde crucigère, accompagné au canton seneslre d'une étoile ii cinq rais. L. : . Ilenric I'ikoo[t] scab arsc . . (Abb. de Sainte-liertrude, ii Louvain, Dabi, relig., c. 3008, A. G. 11.). — Henri Pikoes, échevin d'Aerschot, 1 1 18 : trois fleurs de lis. au pied-coupé ; au franc-quartier brochant, chargé d'un globe crucigère, le Lias senestre de la croix terminé, au haut, par une tige verticale. L. : S lien oex scabiiti arscol (Abb. de SaintePicquigny. Ferris de Pinkegni, rltlr., déclare que linon de Saint-Pol, lils de dame Catherine, dame de I.euze et de Condel, héritera de sa mère une rente sur la ville de Tournai, 1311 : fascé d'hermine et de . . . ; ii la bordure (simple). Contre-Scel : même écu (Tournai, Chartrier). — Ferris de Pinkegny, chevalier, conseiller du roi de France et inaitre des requêtes de son hôtel, 1310 : même écu. Cq. couronné. C. : un vase évasé (?), accosté de deux tiges pointues (piques). !.. : y oiH, d'après Gelke, ère van P nkenyi. hom. du roi de France : f. soi! d'he •mine et d azur; :l la l.o armoriai de la lin lu xtv siècle, pu ■lie par Douet Daiicq, donne au si u de lh; a-nii : fess s d' aryen t() et d'azur de rj pièces, à une bordeure de seigneur Robert de P. : stmblabUme besuntèe d'urtjent, enlin, a Monseig/ne semblabletnent, à fuseï d'argent sur lu 1uéulea;itta il. la bordeu .lionnes de rirlitn;, ly. clian oine de S Jlnte-Gudule, à béntable de 1 iloiin d or, par an, pour
- 29. la chapelle deSainte-Marie, et donne en garantie un cens de 3 norlns d'or sur un bien, sis. dans ladite ville, supra locum dietum de HeeryraeUt, prés des biens du donateur, HOU, le 7 décembre (G., c, XVI, I. 97). Pijl (Pierre), homme de fief du comte de Flandre, 1330 : trois flèches, les pointes en bas, posées en bande et rangées en barre, et un lambel brochant (Chartes des comtes de Flandre) (PI. 20, tig. 517). — (Jean), échevin de Tielrucde brouc (Thielrode, au pays de Waes), 1420 : une flèche renversée. L. : Sigillv Ian l'iil (Baron de Maere d'Aertrijcke). — (Cilles) lient, du château de. Termonde, un lief ii llerlaere, 1130 : une flèche émoussée, posée en fasce, contournée, surmontée de trois merleltes. L. : à' Gdlis Py[ ] (Fiefs, N° 3102) (PI. 20, lig. 518) (voir Horn, Ovelacker, Virneburg). — (Pierre-Norbert), prêtre, possesseur de la chapellenie de Saint- Vincent, au grand autel de la collégiale de Courtrai, et de deux chapellenies à l'autel des Saints-Jacques-et-Christophe, remet, au gouvernement autrichien, l'état des biens afférents à ces fondations, 1 787, le 11 avril : d'azur au chevron, accompagné en chef de deux lions affrontés et en pointe d'une flèche. C. fruste (cachets, sans L., en cire rouge) (C. G. H., reg. -10003). Pijlarz. Jacques l'ilartz (signe : l'ijlarz), curé de Hillcnslierg, district et juridiction de Sittard, évèché de Liège, remet, au gouvernement autrichien, l'état des biens afférents a sa cure, 1787, le 23 avril : un mont alésé, mouvant des bord de l'éeu, sommé d'un perron, soutenant une colonne, sommée d'une boule, le tout accompagné d'un soleil, mouvant du canton dextre. C : une flèche (cachet, sans L., en cire rouge) (C. C. IS.,reg. -10002;. Pilavoine (Sœur Marguerite), maîtresse des Sceurs grises de l'hôpital Saint-Jean, à Mons, 1-103 : dans le champ du sceau, ogival, petit module, un personnage (sainte?); dans le bas, un écu au champ d'avoine ('!). L. : S des grises de lustel dieu de Mous (Tournai, Chartreux), Pile, voir ESPESSE. Pilipert. Arnoldus Pijlepert, échevin de Léau, 1-173 : trois roses, accompagnées au point du chef d'une étoile a cinq rais; au chef chargé de trois maillets penchés. L. : S Arnohli l'ilijiert scabi leuen (Couvent de Mariendael, a Diesl, Rtabl. relig., c. 4686, A. C. If.). (f, in de l.i point du 1 18
- 30. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 15.50% accurate — 124 rais); au chef charge do trois maillets penchés. L. ; . . . raconis PilipeH scabî lewen (Hcijlissem). Pilipert (Arnould), même qualité, 1313 : trois roses, ace pariions de trois maillets penchés, rangés en chef, L. : SArnoldi , (Ibid.). — (Jean), même qualité, 1323 : même écu. L. : . . .... Piffipeert scabini leu (Abb. d'Orienté, e. 2, A. G. H.). ilu chef. — Maître Arnould Pijlipeert, échevin de Léau. 1518 : trois roses ; au chef chargé de trois maillets penchés. Une étoile (à six rais) brochant sur le champ et sur le chef. L. : S Arnoldus Pylliipert scabi /.... (Abb. de Sainlc-Gerlrude, à Louvaih, Elahl. relig.. c. 3009, A. G. 1!.). — Francon l'ijlenperl, échevin du tribunal de Milieu, 1 .'187 : trois roses; au chut chargé de trois maillets penchés. C. : un cheval issant. Le sceau porte : Peylicpert (Abb. de Sainl- Trond, c. II). L'armoriai manuscrit de Saint-Trond donne ainsi les armes de cette famille : d'argent à trois roses de gueules, boutonnées d'or; au chef d'or chargé de trois maillets penches de sable. Piliaert, voir Marchin. Pijlijser. Henri Piliser, échevin de Bruxelles, 127-i : dans le champ du sceau, une rose (G., c. I). — (Jean), chevalier, scelle, parmi les nobles' du lirahaut, le traité entre le duc de lirabant et le comte de Flandre, 1339, le 3 décembre, à Gand : l'écu cassé. C. : une hure et col de sanglier. L. : ser m (Chartes des ducs de lirabant). — Henri Piliser, échevin de Louvain, 1373 ; un lion, percé par une flèche, posée en bande, la pointe en bas, l'épaule chargée d'un maillet penché. L. : ►£■ .S' Heinrici dd Pil'yser scabi locaen(l) (M. ltouffurt). — (Jean), jadis prisonnier ii llasweilcr, sous le sire de la Lèche; i. t. : 1 138 moutons, 1371, 81; scelle pour sou vailel, (Jhijsken Stofrcghen, prisonnier Mec (i. t. : 18 moulons), 1371 : un lion et une flèche brochante, posée en bande, la pointe en haut. C. : une télé barbue, tortillée. L. : S (lui lohis l'i/liser militis (Charles des ducs de lirabant). — (Henri), prisonnier iTIcc, sous le sire de Willem ; i. t. : 433 moulons, 1371 : même écu, brise d'un écusson en cœur brochant, a la fasec et au lion brochant, issanl du boni intérieur de la fasec. L. : %» S lltmki dei Piliser (lbid.) (PI. 20, lig. 530) (voir Steen). -,r;;n ' Bruxelles, des terres IV, 1.85).
- 31. e. Udele, filled'Othon lief a Drunen, prés rie ri-Baptiste 1377-137*; (Sa (rompt.' Saint-Jean 7111, PG1 V). rgareta dicta Pijtyier», JUia quondam icti rtjltjscr, et Jnhannes dirtus l-'rwjbovins de Bruxelles, à dominus Johannes rudone, prêtre, pour une eliapellenle tjue tendon de construire (constniere), comme irés du lieu dit lloelttrate, apud Noede ten-Xoode)(G., c. XI, 1. 17). PILCH (Billich) (Louis van), jadis prisonnier à llasweilcr, sous le drossard de Luxembourg; i. t. ; 177 2,3 moutons, 137-i; un griffon, chargé d'un écusson à deux fasces vivrées. L. : >J< S' Lvdowici tic l'ilche (Chartes des ducs de lirabant) (PI. 20, lig. 349). Pillart (Detlier) (sans particule), écuyer, seigneur de Sorcey (Sorcy), en partie, scelle un acte de Gérard de Goussy 133-1; 1). de Pillart, etc., capitaine, prévi'it et gruyer de Pont-ii- Mousson, 1519 : un filet en croix, accompagné aux l'r et i'' cantons d'un croisai d'une rose. C. : un croissant, soutenant une rose ligée. L. : S Dédier Pillarl (Lorr., lirietj, It, 390, N° 31; 393, N°90)(P1. 20, lig. 531). Pilse (Jacques), receveur de la wateringhe van der Ouder IJevene in Ooslburcli (Ooslburg) ambacht, 1152 : coupé; au 1«, deux feuilles de tilleul, les tiges en haut, accompagnées au point du chef d'un croissant ; au 2'1, une étiole. L. : S Iacop (C. C. It., Acquits de Lille, I. 13-2). Pijn (Gérard) prend un arrangement avec Ide van Woeldercn, veuve de Jean van Weeldcren, au sujet d'une rente sur un bien a llervcld, 1309 : trois cœurs (Getd.J. Pin (Antoine tUt), échevin de Malines, 1017 : écartelé; aux Ier et -l1', cinq (3, 2) coquilles (?) ; aux ~2' et 3e, un arbre. C. : un animal (cheval?) issant (Malines). — (Claude de), veuve de Jacques liarosse, major de la ville d'Arlon. re I au roi de France, pour elle et ses co-seigneurs, lf dénombrement de ces liefs : un quart et un sixième des trois antres quarts d'une maison féodale, « sur le ban de Pin », la moitié et un tiers de l'autre moitié du lief del'onncux (prévôté de Chiny), 1081 : trois épis terrasses, accompagnés d'un soleil, mouvant du coin dextre supérieur de l'écu. Lï'CII accosté de deux palmes. Sans I.. (cachet en cire ronge) (C. C. II., 437I3«).
- 32. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 15.43% accurate Fig. 2. ;vi. t'ig. 1. Jpan Çarondelet, seigneur de Solre-sur- Sambre (1535). Kig. 2. Charles ilo Gavre, chevalier, seigneur de Fresin (1571).
- 33. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 10.67% accurate 127 li iSaoùt HC, t i, données .1 M Haye, en HoIIan, ,.,, les . liiTirs ahais d* pin (Malin.-.,). évs, surmontées de trois pomm - <.lllll.llll.lm. lu-li.ll.="" un="" illec="" is33="" :="" m="" ccu="" m.="" lue="" mililir="" si="" irfn="" puntboerch="" voir="" berghe="" .32="" pkjobroeck="" icnsnrier="" de="" la="" chai="" w="" i="" s="" daniel="" mn="" .="" e="" pi="" bucrt="" .le="" wah.tez="" ban="" ..="" tryiruukf="" rnn="" .vwaflfmi="" abbess="" .1.="" toiisfabaroimiedelvlitsli="" aiuthi="" d="" liiuliourg="" reni="" juin="" hi.i="" l="" des="" bien="" aller="" r="" en="">• il avril: d'or à trois u l'i.r-n. i,. - LY.u. ovale, dans un cartouche, soi *'*"» ' "'■"■'" -i tii-ui perles, le Uml pose 'sur "'"• r a, U d< d.u» palims (cachet, sans "■ '•'■ ' » • i«: C. H., tcc. iikkwi l'iachoo iJ ..>.. l min, dafojule df Ifalnaut, 1307 i» », .• kn «'.»(, », ttcttnpignj jt. tr„js r„v.5> S . .' ai u. jutd» lioiiiir», «croupis, ... : .S" lehan /■.».*».• r.Vdaïur, V» 1*134;. — ili.l-n . bnort"inli' Guillaume de .Naimir, 13;j8 : *"*"*'" "'"• ,;- : "" flisprau de tournoi, sommé d'un panache de pi,,,,,,., de eoq. !.. : ... . ncarl sire de Fréta (S'iiiiiur, Y1 HM). Pinkers f/ean l,>, écheTin île Bruges, 1925) : un,' rrmx, accdiiipa^iiéc au l« canton d'une merle! te il dan.-; chacun des trois autres d'une coquille (Charles des comtes de Mandée) ii'i. 20, li-. î£a). Sur notée planche. Il faut lire : Pinkers. au Ile,, ,1, /■,„. Pijnnoc. ..nuis l'innoc, jadis prisoui soiœsircJeaHCodcnarts; i. t. : rjoO i un sautoir engrélé; au Cranc-miarliei puis et au chef de plain. L. : S' Lvdovici /'i/;7ioc(Cliarl,'sdesducsdeHi'abaiit)(l>l.2o,lig.;;;i3). - Gauthier Pinnock, prisonnier i'//ec, sous GodennrtS' i. t. 120 montons, 1371 : un sautoir engrèlù' aiî franc-quart idr clfargé d'un lion. L. : >%, Sigiîlvm Il alteri dei l'innoc (Charles des ducs de Brabant). (Louis), échevin deLouvain, 1393, t(n. st.), 1407, «(n. st.), i:i(n. st sautoir engrélé. L. : S' Lvdovici l'innoc scabini lovant (Abb. de SainleGerlrude, à Louvain, et Lïabl. relig., c. 3610, A. G B.). - (Wallerus), même qualilé, 1 H0, 23, (i : même écu, brisé en cu-tir d'uni' lleur de lis, au pie,l coupé. L. : ►ï< S' Walteri l'innoc scabinî toùmiehs (Abb. de is Pijnnock, UIO fleura C : une aigle issa'ntc. T.
- 34. dextre : une(lamoisellc. L. : S Ludouici Pijnnoc milil' (.Ibid. et Charles des ducs de Brabant). - (Johànncs), junior, i f23 : un sauloir engrèJééciisson en coeur plain, au chef chargé de trois l':ils- J- : hoc ienioris scab loi- . . ( l,ii de Saint,-!, ei'ti'iide, a Louvain). Lui e( les ikcrsonn&gçs suivants,
- 35. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 15.39% accurate — 128 Pijnnoc (DoHtinus Johannes), miles, 1502 (n. st.) : un sautoir engrelé, chargé en cœur d'une Oeuf de lis, au pied coupé. L. : .S loliis Pinoc militis scabini Uni (Alib. de S.ainte-Gerlru(le, a Louvain), Pincruet (Maxiinilicii), abbé do .Saint-Pierre, à llasiion, llainaut français, diocèse d'Arras, remet, au gouvernement autrichien, l'état des liiens afférents a son abbaye, dans le Hainaut autrichien et en Flandre, 1787, le 21 mars : d'azur ii la gerbe, accostée en pointe de deux palmes, le tout surmonté de trois étoiles, mal ordonnées. L'ccu, ovale, dans un carloiiche, sommé d'une couronne a neuf perles et a dcxlrc d'une petite mitre ; le tout posé sur une crosse en barre. Devise : I.abore cl palienlia (cachet, sans autre L., en cire rouge) (G, C. H., reg. 4G6G0, France). Pinsart (Jean) reçoit, sur le domaine de Courtrai, des rentes viagères, pour lui, Olivier et Ljévin, ses frères, 1101 : trois pinces, ouvertes, accompagnées eu cœur d'un trèfle. T. scneslre : une damoisellc. L. : . Içui Pinsaert (C. G. It., Acquits de Lille, 1. 391). Asbeck. Pinsqwaet, Piot (Fr.j, grand-prieur de l'abbaye de Sainl-ltiquîcr, de l'ordre de saint Benoit, en l'onlhieu, province de l'ieardie, en fiance, diocèse d'Amiens, remet, au gouvernement autrichien, l'étal des biens afférents ii cette abbaye, dans la Flandre autrichienne, 1787, le 2a mars : d'azur il trois Heurs de lis et a la crosse abbatiale, pose'.' en pal, sur laquelle broche la 3e Heur de lis. L'ccu, dans un cartouche, sommé d'une couronne ;i neuf peiles et à dextre d'une petite mitre; L., en cire rouge) (G. C. IL, reg. tGGGO, franco). Pipaerts, LOCRON r du château de C t coulre-hrelessi Pipe (Roger), honnir 1 105 : un fasce-br 1!., Acquits de Lille, I. 55, SU). — (Gilles) reçoit, du fermier des moulins et de la seigneurie d'IIarhbcke, 5 livres 10 sols parisis, pour dépenses faites, à son hostel audit llacrtebcuue, par discret seigneurs maistre i'ierabraes(l) et Jelian Malet, secritaires en la chambre des cotnples a Lille, en mai IL! I. quand ils étaient venus, avec un maçon, pour l'evamen des réparations a l'aire, I 131 ; echeviu eomlal dans la seigneurie d'Ilarlebeke , 1 VU : inle l'ascr brelessée et rnulrr-hretoséc, haussée, entre une tasoc baslillée,
- 36. mouvaul du chef,et d'une fasec crénelé,', en pointe, le tout accompagné eu pointe d'une coquille. L. : Simllcm liillis Pipe (Ibid., I. 412, »!«>). Pipelarde. Margurrile l'ippelarde, le Yarlel, ilil llakart, revoit une |T1 Jrai le domaine de Courtrai, lil.'i, 7 : parti ; au l«, une croix ancrée, accompagnée de trois coquilles (Varlet); an 2'1, un grillon. T. : un ange. L. : S Maryritc, Pipelarde (Ibid., I. 3fll) (voir Haccart). Pipenpoij (Guillaume) (et Pipenpoi), échevin de Bruxelles, 1293, 1306; homme du duc de Brabant, 1296 : trois fleurs de lis (complètes) et un bâton brochant. L., 1290-1306 : ►£ .S" W'illelmi Pipenpo . (A/flighem, Bruxelles et Charles des ducs de Brabanl, X" 131). — Williams Pipcnpoie scelle un acte de Henri de Nuvilc, dit Rigaus, cédant au prieur de l-'rasne ses droits sur la ville de Sarl- Daiiie-Avolinos, 130.1 : même ecu que Guillaume, 1293-1306 (Afflighe/n). — (Uadulphus), échevin de Bruxelles, 1310, 3, 1, 0; homme du due de lirabanl, 1321 : trois fleurs de lis, au pied coupé, et un lllet brochant. L. : >fr Sig' Il . dol/i dei Pipenpoij (G., c. XIV, I. 100, Bruxelles, Fonds de Loequcnghicn, A. G. 1!., et Chartes des ducs de Brabant, X» 203). L'aetede 132! rappelle : Raoul Pypenpptf — Wallerwi Pijpenpoij, ainiiian de Bruxelles, 1319; échevin illec, l.'i 17, 20, 3 : un bâton omlé, accompagné au canton senestre d'une Heur de lis, au pied Coupé. L. : ►£< Siijilhtm Walleri Pipenpoi (Bruxelles et Actes scabinaux de Bruxelles, A. G. IL, G., c. II, .Y» 210, 22-i), - (WallcriisJ, échevin illec, 1331, G, il; armiger (voir Eggloij), 1338 : trois Heurs de lis, au pied coupé; au halon engrèlé, brochant. L. : ►£ Siydlvm Walleri Pypepoy (G., c. II, N'« 236 et 271, Fonds de Locquenghicn, A. G. IL, Bruxelles et Chartes des ducs de Brabant, .N" 155). - (Wilhclmus), échevin de Bruxelles, 1332, 3, G; armiijer (guerre de Cent ans) (voir Eggloij), I3;î8 : trois fleurs de lis, au pied coupé, et un bâton brochant. Volet de l'écu. C. : un liuchct, sommé d'un petit vol, L. : >J< SiijiT W'illelmi dieti l'ipepoy (Bruxelles-, Actes scabinaux de Bruxelles, A. G. IL, et Charles des ducs de Brabant, .N" 155). - Willelmus Pijpenpoij, échevin de Bruxelles, 133G (n. st.) : même écu, mais le bâton onde. Volet de l'écu. C. : un hneliel, sommé d'un petit vol. L. : ►£< S W'illelmi . . . epoy (Actes scabinaux de Bruxelles, A. (L IL). - (Willielmusdictus), filins ipiondam lieijneri Pipenpoij, armiyer (voir Eggloij), 1338 : trois
- 37. fleurs de lis,au pied coupé ; au fraue-quarlier brochant chargé d'une rasec el d'un i brochant, issant du bord inférieur de la fasce. L. ; elmi Pipenpoi (Charles des ducs de Brabant, .N" 155). Probablement sufnommd rail JFUitt, imfsnu'on III au
- 38. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 12.74% accurate — 129 — h.ulo .lu lb iii.ul U:i8 : ... Wiltetmus Pipenpoij, i.i.r,,. Pi^npnu, ... Wlllélmm dietut Pipenpofy, Plix-npolJ (lîiiilbiinir), érhcvin de Bruxelles. 1852, i ai ; M:,iMr; aux l«et i', une fasce abaissée, k mmtt d'un I issant ; aux 2e et 3«, trois fleurs i' lu. ni pied coupé. ('.. : un Iniçhet, sommé d'un S«W N», au pied coupé. C, : un bonnet |. lu. .Jim d'un vol. l/oi|. accoslé de deux tètes >. i . i- . . d'une N>rii' de be^iiin, isSani de Il éltmt ,/*li /-i(.ii . IJtîO : en l'ipen)»nii.i.iiif.:!(tii irtdo limitant, N"« 1370 et [308, «1 BnuIVri). — t'ïD Pijptmpoii m... M. du Itrahaut, .'»» vieux écus fma ui rttlau uwt la gmrredn Flandre, 1 3-'iT, i» 4h'Oilirr : . . ji (■ !■ ; aux l"'l ( une tasce et .. || » if-.-i.in!. i- .iiii du bord Inférieur de la dur . m Html ft,,r... . brochant j aux i' il .'i-, II «t kkuM •!< Ii lu | .. I roupé. t.. : »J< Nu/i/ir . . ,A.» M /•,;"-)•> l'JurUi. dt. ducs de llrabanl, N' ISUj — i.. i.tw, «■ knifl i/fr. Ourlet). — (i.UWvrtj r>..il un acompte, du chef de son frère, Gauthier, Jj.lit lue a lij-.wiil.-r. sons le sire de Vomrlatr; i. t. : '.*. moulons, 1374; scelle pour kW fnrr. (..-rar.l, prisonnier Hier, sous le même (i. t. : '.uni moulons), I;i7l; Ghiselberlus dictas l'ijixnpdfy, échevin «le Bruxelles, 1380, H : trois fleurs de lis, au pied coupe, accompagnées de trois brsants, I an point du chef, 2 accostant la 3e fleur de lis. G. : un bonnet d'hermine entre un vol. Le cq. aoo»ié de deu télés (humaines?) de léopard, issant de l'encadrement du champ du sceau. L. : .S' Ghiselbertvs dci[) l'ipenpoy (Bruxelles, Charles des ducs de Brabanl et lï., c XVIII, I. 103) (l»l. 20, fig. S3-I). — (Henri), bourgeois de Brnxenes, s'en rapporte a l'arbitrage du iliic de lloiii'goguo, jiour appaisir les debas et di-ieors estants en la ville de Flron.veltes entre sire Du niai de Masmines, chevalier, et consorts, d'une part, et lui-même el les siens, d'autre part, 1395-00 (n. st.), 1" janvier : trois Heurs de lis, au pied coupé. C. : un haut chapeau, garni d'un vol. Le cq. accosté de deux tètes humaines, coiffées de .... L. : S' lleinric dei l'ipenpoei (lbid.). Lervlent ISI qtl gne. comte de Flandre, < t la duchesse de Luxembourg, etc. rappelle, avalent comparu, dans cette affaire, devant le due, a Paris : messlre Jean de Masmines, sire U'.l rele, et
- 39. messlre Philippe deMasmines, sire de Somerghem, d'une part ; messire Everard bote, messlre Jean de Inedeyhein, chevaliers, W'encelyn de Hertoge, Waleran van tien Uerge. écuyers, d'autre Et illeucquet (ù Paris), les dis chevalier ooiees de la partie des Pipenpoys dessus nommes se 1res noble prince des debas et ijnerre dessus dites et aient enconaent. sur la puine de quatre milles nobles, a appliquier au dit 1res noble prince ou cas que deffaut Il auroit, dont îlz ont promis et se sont obliqies de faire baitlier bonne caution en la ville de Itrouxelle, de /„, npli, ■ or tes penpoys tout ce quil plaira au dit duc re ordiner et dectairer sur tes dis debas lire et par dessus les oii'res autrejjbit arlie des dis Pipenpoys, en la présence m dit duc a Liste (Lille); et depuis ce le ; prince ait commande par ses lettres ire Jehan de Pouques, son conseiller, a ution dessus dite .... dite de prinripaul.r de ladite partie des dit Henri, Guillaume, son frè*e germain ; Jean te Mol (son sceau est fruste), Jean •eau est tonib.1); ensuite, leurs parents et e Uiedeghem. chevalier, Jean, (Ils c de Mclun, châtelain de le Fure (Te POU. eM'.. / ce ,le llru*--"*, conseillers tic la duchesse de Bruxelles, leur fol. honneur et serment, de faire observer cet engagement, sous peine de 4000 nobles d'or, du coin du duc tle Bourgogne. Cet acte est dttt! de Bruxelles. Pipenpoij (Guillaume), frère germain dudil Henri, 1300 (n. St.) : trois Heurs de lis, au pied coupé, accompagnées en cu'iir d'un besant ; au franc-quartier brochant chargé d'une Tasce et d'un lion brochant, issant du bord inférieur de la fasce. L. : S Willem l'ipenpoei (lbid.). — (Gérard), cité, dans la note ci-dessus, 139G (n. st.): trois Heurs de lis, au pied coupé. C. : un haut bonnet, garni d'un vol. L. : S Glteert l'ipenpoy (lbid.). — (Gisbert), cité, dans la note ci-dessus, 130G (n. si ) : même écu, au lïaur-quartier brochant chargé d'un lion issant, brochant sur une Champagne. L. : S Ghisbrecht l'ipenpoy (lbid.). — (l'ierie), écbevin de Bruxelles, lil.'i, 32; receveur de la ville de Bruxelles, I Cil : trois Heurs de lis, au pied coupé. G. : un bonnet entre un vol. S. dextre :
- 40. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 14.83% accurate — 130 — mi griffon. L. : S Peler Pipenpoy ((>., c. XVI. I. Ou; G., c. XVII, I. 102; Bruxelles et Chartes destines de llrabant). Pipenpoij. Gisbert Pijpenpoij, amraande Bruxelles, 1-416 : même écu que Wiihelmus, lils de Itenier (1338). C. : un bonnet pointu, garni d'un vol. S. : deux aigles. L. : Giselb'ti Pipepoy (Chartes des dues de Brabanl). — (Walterus, filius Chiselberli dicti), échevin de Bruxelles, 1117 : trois Heurs de lis, au pied coupé, accompagnées en eieue d'un besant, on toiii'leau. C. : un chapeau pyramidal d'hermine, retroussé de garni d'un vol. T. : un boni me sauvage, sans massue, et une damoiselle. L. : S W'orter Pipenpoy (II., c. XX. I. lui). — (Wallerus, filius quondam Gcrardi diali), même qualité, I lis : Irois Heurs de lis, au pied coupé. C. : un liant bonnet entre un vol. T. dexlre : une damoiselle. L. : W'outer Pipenpoy (G , c. V, 1. .'i.'iO). Pipenpoij. W'illchnus dictas Pijpenpoij, mémo
- 41. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 13.41% accurate i0% Fig. 2. Pi. CXXXVIÏ. Kig. l. Philippe, comte do Lalaing, baron d'Escornaix, grand-bailli ilo llaiiiiiut (157." Fig. 2. Marie de Cotereau, baronne de .laucbe (vn* sioclci.
- 42. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 10.74% accurate Plraux (t»uU-J«soph), timi, diticiX"* ili< Caiii fJ.iMIIfr dr Maillant, ri rblrti, I'.IjI dis biens i (1.87) : lui pélican t fofnt il.- s s trois JL'ini ».»lr, C :lr» meubles un twiir, (0. C II..! ■,1-nien (G de Manl) i53 — ^ Saint-Enlii is a sa cure, sans claie il (sans aire), acebmlUgés en pointe. L'écu eu (cachet, sans L., en Pir*t iiri/'wwiirj, : i -i..,iir. IM* : un ; I.K.. !.. : . «ri/foi rni catholique, à (C. C. if., e. :m). »r de Sainte-Ode (-il AuuVrloup, de la Va • - «i/iiu.'rf Jehan), allmcyer (allouycr) du duché de hnbaiii; ici-Ile des actes du receveur de Jodoignc, 15», :i. h : parti ; au I", un arbre arraché; au 2'1, pbln, L : lohann s firuli (Abb. de la Rainée, LUUI. nli;.. r .'1177, 3I7H, A. C. I! ). -- I.MI.U ri funrl. s, r,t b il iv m., ri-li-wni, t.» Lu, -t.. . Iii*( ; 1 ^ml.. 1 1 |'irel,èru •'.jUI roi, i... v„, |„.-„|.fi,.r,.. (. ►.-..i. uric .lu « Ji:i-i, |, t (comté de wtir in u I», atanupa^ilc de l tv.*.l| ;»•• : I ir,r.rrmel,aufioucrn tU . r.rkln I-..H. J..«jti .futr dr llnnimr.f,liuitMi), J. < avril : un losan/é ; au chef K). > tr, lient, encore, •nul liruneau, la Chiny), H58I : un •. Sans L.'ïcachct nvjnoulte (Falmiini riuin. nt auti ii o cure. 17x7, .1. trois lut .1.1 llauun ■Ad irlI-JoS pli), | être né a y.ncijhtm i. meveg H 111 .'), dioc se dC 'ouri a y, deintunt a I. '■;••, r met , au g. mil n, nent auti ichien, tal (1rs biens ail. rcuts ; un b •nélii igé en glise |i iroissii lr . e Itolh lld (p ovine e de Liniiir«, d ici- se r I iége), ( Il l'hn lll'UI des saints rolas, iather 1 Harli , 178 . 'e 10 Mil, a i'»é : i i 1; ruse. ait «m nagn ■C (1 ■ trois liies, i 1 NUITS en chef, c il'iin fleur di lis en mlr. 1 écii di us m cari mehe. G. un 2 étoile lehet.s IIISl... in i ira unii e) ((',.( M., reg. m-a) dr Parisisi '.■ benéfl o fut fuml^. lu 2 mal 1DI0, p.r Ma le .1 è Bran» ,l,l,.,lir , (Bran ienliourg), .l.i me île Bolla lU, N :uve du Pyrmont. lier Cône, hère zo l'irinnl imlc moue I.yse, unse elicli husfrouc, déclarent avoir vendu, à her Johan Canine van Luderstorp (Leudersdorf), ritter. imlc Nesen, siner hmfrouen, une l'ente de Blé, an unsen houe zo Slddevelt (Staltfeld) inde an unscr moten, 131;';, des godesdages ur palme n dage : une cotice vivrée. L. : s doniin . . . ..rmon.. (Archives de l'Etal, à Luxembourg, Fonds do Reiuàclt). — Ltjse, feinnic dudit Cône, seigneur de l'vrmonl, i:ii.'i : dans le champ du petit sceau,
- 43. rond, daine debout,tenant deux éous : A, un soiustrochiTe, mouvant du coin supéiieiir senestre, paré d'une manclu' a sac. la main tenant un annelet (bague), le champ semé de . . . (besants, tourteaux, billettes?); H, un bâton vivre. L. : cassée (lliiJ.). Ces dpoux font sceller leur acte par leur suzerain : Ihr llarirtud, Iwre zr, Schpnecltin, die ilh gudis toi Um îoeiiooken). AWrij(voir PIROMONT Piraumont. Piron (Louis), prêtre, bénéficier de l'autel de NoireDame, en l'église de Gros-Pays, déclare tenir, du roi île France, des d'unes sur une terre prés de Clùplanne m |. L'écu en I r.g. i.'i7i; i) (prevùte (rorcliinionl). KiHl : parti; lioinine posé de face, tenant devant lui '.'i uni homme qui seuieVi ; au 2U, un lion. osange (ea.'hrl en cire rouge) (C. G. II., Piroot, M.ir Pieroot. Pirotte. l'irars l'irute, échevin de JoJoigne, I3C7 : un pal, cliargé de trois portes crénelées cl accosté de deux étoiles, aux lianes. L. : S l'ir . . . (Ileijlissem). — (Johans), échevin de Joiloigue, 1308 : un pal, Chargé de trois portes crénelées et accompagné en chef a dextre d'une étoile. L. : Gillo . . (fils de Gilles?) (Abb. de la Ramée, Klabl. relig., c. 3178, A. G. II.). — (François), marguillier de Poucet, diocèse de Namur, district de Ilaiiiiui, province de Urabanl, remet, au gouvernement autrichien, l'étal des biens afférents a la marguilleric de Poucet, 17K7, le 2 avril : un chevron de gueules, accompagné en chef a dextre d'une étoile a cinq rais. C. : une étoile il cinq rais (cachet, sans L., en cire rouge) (C. C. II., reg. lp3G7) (voir Pieroot). Piscatoris von DIEDENHOVEN iThionville) (Nieolaiis). prieslrr. Allarisl in Sancl JohanxSpil
- 44. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 16.48% accurate — iU taie sa Lulsembourg (Luxembourg), le H janvier I.'mO (st. de Trêves) : une ancre renversée (l'anneau ni bas), I.. : S[C|/«css Kliu lohan (ou : .S Kliu Iohans (lacs!) (Ariilicin, Charles de Luxembourg, S» 2701). . Il signe : Xicolau* /'iscuioris van Dietienhntfen. Pijsken (Jean) se porte garant, avec quatorze autres, pour le duc «le Itrahant et de Liinhnurg, envers le duc de bourgogne, comte de Klandre, 1110 : dans le champ do sceau, un monogramme, formé des lettres H et 1', accolées, la traverse de Fil soutenant une croix latine. L. : la» l'iesken (Chartes des ducs de Itrabaut) (voir Thomaes). Pisoni (Aluise) adresse des lettres, en italien, de Venise, 10 et 30 décembre 1707, il François (iasparini, a Bruxelles (le fameux financier) : d'azur au lion. L'écu, ovale, dans un cartouche, sommé d'une couronne à trois fleurons, alternant de deux pyramides de I nus perles (cachets, sans I,., en cire rouge) (llruxelles). PISSEKOBEN, voir Nassau. PISTOIRE, voir Grandpré. Pit, voir Struvinc. Pitet. Hustinias de Ptjletj, échevin dcllc vilhe et hacoir de Sève (Saive), 1316 : un croissant, surmonté d'un éirier et accompagné de sept billettes, rangées eu orle (Chartes des ducs de Itrabaut) (l'I. -20, lig. ri.'i.'i). Piteurs, voir Pitteurs. Pythane (Ttiilmannus), cainérier de Walcran, évrqiic de Cologne, et homme du duc de Itrabaut, f:i37 : une chaine de cinq chaînons, posée en pairie. G. : une tète haï bue, coiffée d'un chapeau pointu, pendant par derrière, l'oreille percée d'un grand chainon. I.. : S' PUhane de ..o rveri (lbid., N" :j~o). Pitzl (Jean-Michel), kaiser!. b'cId-Krieys- Commissarius, scelle des recensements de plusieurs compagnies du régiment impérial d'infanterie du généralreldmaréchal-liculenanl comte Onelli, É736, le 0 avril, a Kasehau, et le 11 du même mois, a Eperies : en chef d'une étoile. L'écu, ovale, dans un cartouche, sommé d'une couronne !i trois fleurons et à deux perles (cachet, sans L„ en cire rouge) (Ville de Nivelles). Pittange. Egydius, filins nobilis viri Johannis domini de Ouren, paslor ecclesie ions, cède des i, l'ail apposer à son „„■ et nobilium virorutn delicet Uenrici, abbalis pastor ecclesie parrochialis ibidem, qui, sous certaines condilii biens
- 45. a son frèreaine. Coin acte les sceaux spectabil I (le s, comitis Vycncnsis (de Vianden), Cimradi, domini de Carjwna (Kerpcn), et ArnoUti, domini de l'iltingen, 1337 (voie le N" 197 de l'inventaire imprimé); Arnould, seigneur de l'ytting (voir Kerpen), 1313 : une croix recercelée et un bâton brochant. L. : >J< S' secreli Arnoldi dni de l'itiny . (Archives de l'Etat, à Metz, Seigneurie de Clervaux ; Luxembourg, c. IV, 1. XVI, N»21). GELiit donne à Pietinrjen. homme de IVévique» de Trêves : de gueules à la croix recercelée d'or. Le cq. d'or. Volet : parti d'argent et de sable, doublé d'azur. C. : un chapeau de tournoi, parti d'argent et de sable, garni d'un vol de sable et d'argent. Pittange. Mvrgriele, vrouwe van l'uttinghen, ende Amolli, heerc van der selver slede, ruddere, har wettelike man ende voccht (son sceau est tombé), ende Florenche van Itubemonl, vrouwe van Chin, ende Gillis, hecre van dier selver slede, ruddere, terminent, par un accord, un procès, pendant à Audenarde ; les 1«« cèdent aux seconds certains droits provenant de la mère de ladite Marguerite, laquelle mère était, jadis, femme de sire Eustache van Rubcmonl, chevalier (il s'agit, entre autres, d'une partie d'Audeiiarde et de terres entre Marlie IMaercke] et lionne [rtenaiv]). 1333, le 13 de hoijmaende (juillet) : éeartelé ; aux 1" et i", une croix ancrée; aux 2'' et 3'', un biuvlé cl un lion (couronné?) brochant (Houffalize). L. : de l'it (Archives de l'Etat, a Luxembourg, fonds de lleinach). • — Arnaull, sires de l'illenyes, chevalier, prononce un arbitrage entre ceux de Schuenberch (Schûnberg. village disparu, près de Kelilen) et de Kelden (Kelden), d'une part, et des particuliers, 1334, le jour dou S. Sacremant nostre signour : une croix ancrée. C. cassé. L. : rnol .i de (1res easséj (Arnhem, Chartes de Luxembourg). o — Arnoull, herre su l'ittinge/l ind su Bucche (ou llitlthe f) et Maryarcle von Hoy/falgse, sa femme, déclarent avoir remis en gage, der eyrber edilre frouicen Jutten, frouwen su Uerperch (Bcrbourg) ind su llogenbcrch (lloinbourg?), moyennant 200 petits florins : unsen hoy/fsu Manternach, den man nennel den hoyffvon l'iltingen, avec appartenances, et la moitié de leur moulin, 130,'j, des sammestayes na unser heiliger frouen daye klyvel messen : une croix ancrée. C. : un grand pluinail, en forme d'éventail. L. : . S dni Arnoldi (Ibid., N» 148). — Marguerite de Houffalize, ci-dessus, I3G3 : éeartelé; aux
- 46. 1er et 4»,une croix ancrée; aux 2' et 3e, un burclé cl un lion couronné, brochant (Houffalize). L. : »J< S' Maryarcle dna de l'itting (sic !i au qu'en 133» ï) (I
- 47. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 13.56% accurate — 133 — Pittange. Arnoultvon l'iltiwjin, lierre zn lliiefzcn, reçoit du Itrabanl, du chef du i-uiu,'i>u, frais, pertes de harnais et de chevaux, du chef de la bataille de Ifcisweiler, un acompte de 150 su- air yidden (10 vieux gros = I qulden), von eijùie ersaimiic manne heren Ilillen, kelner zer ziit zu Arlc (Arlnn), 1371 (!), 13 février; Arnpuld van l'iltinyhen, chevalier, reçoit du lirabanl, pour lui-même, son frère, Louis, et son varlet, (inulliitr. tons prisonniers à liàsvvcilcr, sous le duc Wenceslas, un acompte sur une i. t. de 1870 moutons. 137i; A., sire de Pillenycs, chevalier, reçoit, du Itrabant, 300 francs, pour compte de sire Ulric de i'eneslrunye, que celui-ci lui devait, du Chef de l'eu sire liui'eliart de l
- 48. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 15.45% accurate — 136 (Urart de l'teine, m son awant président de noi parlement île Bourgoinijne (Chartes île l'Audience, e. 13, A. G. H.). Plaiting, voir Pletincq, Plettinc, Schalie. PLANCHE, voir PLANKE. Planchon (Lupardin), jadis prisonnier à Baswcilcr, sous Jacques de Bourbon ; i. t. : 2.10 moulons, 1374 : trois chevrons, accompagnés en chef a senestre d'une éloile à cinq rais, et un bâton brochant. L. : ►£< S I.iparl l'Ianco' (Chartes des ducs de lirabant) (voir Rognée). — (Nicolas), homme de lief de la souveraine cour de .Mous, l.'ilK, a Mous : un chevron, accompagné en Chef d'une fleur de lis et d'une éloile a cinq rais et eu pointe de ... (rose, boule?). T. senestre : un homme sauvage, tenant, de la main senestre, sa massue, liante, et, de la dextre, la lanière de l'écu. L. : Secl Planrh . . (Ahb. de l'oresl, Ktabl. relig , c. 2498). — (Georges), homme de fief de noble homme Antoine de Roisin, seigneur du l'arrq, etc., dans sa seigneurie du Chasleler, l'i.'iT : deux croissants en chef et une étoile en pointe. T. : un an-e (Tournai, Chartreux, c, III). — (Cilles), homme de lief du Hainaut, 1579, il liai : trois (relies. Cq. sans C. L. : Cille ... anch . . (Greffes scabinaux, liai). — (Cilles), homme de lief de la seigneurie de YVauthirrllraine, 1Û01 : trois trèfles. C. : un trelle L. : .S Cille Plànclion (Abb. de Waullricr-Brame, c. .{(109). — (Maître Jacques), licencic-ès-droits, homme de lier du Hainaut, 1C3I, a Tournai : un chevron, accompagné en chef de deux coquilles et en pointe de . . . (indistinct; un lion?). Cq. sans C, ou le C. cassé. !.. : S lacijves l'Ianco . (Bruxelles). PLANKE. W'illiaiancs de le Plante', chevaliers, sires de Ileuchin, caution de son cousin, Guillaume, seigneur de Fienles, chevalier, envers le comte de Nevers, I2N7 : un lion et un semé de billelles. L. : ►£5' I fini de llekhin (= lleucliin) (Chartes des comtes de Flandre, N» :>). — Jean Cobbecri van der Planten, jadis prisonnier à Baswriler, sous Louis de Namur; i. t. : 270 moutons, i:i7t : un lion contourné, un semé de billelles l. 20, lig. S? >7). — (Arnould van den), échevin de Bruxelles, 1-179, 80 : écartelé; aux l« et 4e, trois feuilles de nénuphar; aux 21' et 3e, une aigle éployée: S. senestre : un aigle. L. : S Acrl vand . . Plassche
- 49. (Abb. de fores!,Llahl. relig., c. 2100, A. (L U., et Bruxelles). Plast (Jean van der) a Bruxelles, possède un bien près du ruisseau dil Sehacrheet. I (I l : trois (leurs de lis, au pied coupé; un franc- quartier brochant, chargé d'une lasce. L. : .S" luhannis de Plast (Chartes des ducs île lirabant). Plat (Antoine le), homme de lief du Hainaut et de la cour de Mous, L'iiO ; deux éloiles en chef, surmontées d'un lauihcL Le reste de l'écu cl les autres par
- 50. The text onthis page is estimated to be only 15.54% accurate I — 137 — Plat (Antoine Ici. r, 1579, ii E 3« Col ipagm' de trois anni'l ■Is. S. seneslre : un lion (K»r ion). - (Jlll en le), même qualité IGÔG, à La Hamaide : un rlievi m. ac ompagné de t nis annelels. S. senestre : un li m. 1.. : Mi . . Ï580(M. G. Hulin, ; l'.aml Platea, voir Coninc, Straten. Platborchs, voir Serarnts. Platebuerse, voir Platteborse. levaliér, lioinme du Platel (Jehan), ( lire, 1-292, à II lambel hroehanl (1,-s comtes de Flandre). Gei.ue donné à un lier Jan 1 d'or au Mou de gueules, an / 1 semneur de Pu >ï< .S" lehan Viatel (Charles npassé il': VEI. (sic!) : d'ur. ait lijnn de 'jnealle, wetarmè d'asur, an bafton d'ermynes sur le enje : liertjhes le noble de madame de Chasteau(Coi.n. f'.Aii.i.i.Mu,, L'AncHlene Noblesse de la le Flandres.) Platijel. voir Platel. Platoul, voirBielledame. Platteborse (Guillaume), i ère). L. : S Willem /') ertWBle, à Lmmin) (m Irbucrse (Alib. île S Smet). Platteel, voir Platel. Plattoijs, voir Robijns. Platvoet (Johanncs diclus), chevalier, êchevin de [.mivain, 1370 (u. si.). 77 : un sautoir cngrêlé, accompagné eu chef d'un iic.usso.ii ii la fasce cl au lion brochant, issanl du bord inférieur de la fasce. !.. : ►£. .S" dm lolris l'Introel mililis scabini loua (AWi. de Saintc-Uerlrude, a I.ouvain, et M. Ilouflart) (voir Leerbijls). une liranelie sèche. C. : les meubles de l'écu. L. : S Mculai l'hilippi de Vlecker I V I) (C. G. H., e. t>3). Pletincq (Pierre), homme de lief d'Enghicn, t02.'i : parti ; au 1er, cassé; au 21', un chevron, accompagné en chef de deux roses, à six feuilles. G. cassé (M. E. Matthieu) (voir Plaiting, Plettinc). Pletinckx, voir Claessens. Pletz (Jacques), chevalier, scelle un acte de Gerarl van Cveije, eyn walgeborin man, et de sa femme, 6're(«, qui déclarent avoir vendu, à Christiane Munslcre, échevin d'.Viidernach, et à Ulehen, sa femme : unse hits zu Creye . . . umle andir aile unse gut, dal wir in Eijchir geriechte und banne lienile han . . . an uinijarlin, an ackirlande, an buschc, etc., 1338, îles nexlen diinresdagcs na seule Lucien daije : une aigle. L. : iliti . (Archives de l'Etat, il Luxembourg, fonds de Reinacb). Les époux vendeurs font sceller cette Charte par : Oie ersixme lude . . . her Jacob l'ielz, her Johaa Walpade and her Uyderich van Ifyscnauae (Wlesenau), die Ù
- 51. RiÙlr. Nous décrironsle sceau de Gerart van Creije dans le Supplément. Plettenberg. Ilunold de l'icllenbrachl, chcva.ier, scelle un acte des burgraves de Slroinbcrg*, L3S2 : parti de . . . (hachuré) et de . . . . L. : . . vnohli de l'ielebree . . (Dusseldorf, M.-lietg, N° Ew5). Oti.uE donne ainsi le blason de lier Uuenoll (llnenoll) van l'Iettenberch, homme de IV é'vêque» de Cologne : i de tournoi de I éc Plehier. .-trfa»i U Plaijere[s], l'Iaiidre, h Douai, 1591 (n. 21' chargé en chef d'un lézard br l'ichier (Namur, V 228). le de uiiil. L. : ifrAdan Pleke'.Vn Jan Clillijs Woulers . ne, ldi:i : une étoile i (rnmêlc.Y) (Sa Agilis) Plecker (Xieotas-Philippi de Raadt, t. III ■). licencie en al au quartier d ,iirsso,:,nl,|H.,v - Ileidenrich van l'Icllenbraijld, chevalier, conseiller du comte de la Mark, 1393 : parti de ... et de Cq. couronné. C. : un vol (Dusseld., Col., N« HG3). - Jean van l'ieltcnbrachl, chevalier, a élé nommé, par l'archevêque de Cologne, bailli de Meiulen et chargé de la défense du château et du bailliage de Mcndon, 1394 : même écu (Ibid., .V 1172). - Jleidenreich, fils aine dudil Jean, 139i : parti; au cr, plain; au 2'1, un soc de charrue renversé (Ibid.) (voir Pentling, Rubeinpré, Wolf). Jute-Edmond [de BrahecU), évêque de llildesheiin, prince du Saint-Empire Romain, atteste, à l'abbesse de Nivelles, que damolselle Marie-Agnès, baronne de Plettenberg, du côté paternel, est gentilfemme, d'ancienne noblessemlUUlre, MledemessIreChrétten- GuIllaumeFerdlnand, baron de Plettenberg et de Grevel, et d'Olympe-Thérese Madeleine, née comtesse d'Arberg et Valangln; petite-fille de mesure Christophe, baron ■de Plettenberg, de Schn arr .-enter;/ (Sehwarzcnberg) et Grevel, et d'Anne- Lucie, baronne de Plettenberg, de Lenhausen, Stncltheim (Stoekuin) et MarhuUen (Marhûlsen) |niie de Jean, baron de Pleiienherg.de !.en• l'h, ir/en).
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