New folder/fac_lee023_HW06_WR5_FuncDecomp (3).pdf
ECE380 Professional Seminar
Spring 2017
HW5 (WR5): Functional Decomposition
Date assigned: 3/13/17, Monday
Due date: Noon, 3/20/17, Monday
Max points: 20 pts.
Description:
Written Report 5 is on completing 3-level (i.e., Level 0, Level 1, and Level 2) functional
decomposition of your project. Each student shall individually submit one report that
shows complete functional decomposition of the project but also clearly identified
individual responsibilities for implementation. As such, all team members of a project
should first discuss and come up with a complete set of Level 1 subsystems that could be
implemented under balanced workloads among the team members. Then, each member
shall further elaborate his/her assigned Level 1 subsystems into Level 2.
This report should include block diagrams of all Level 0 ~ Level 2 subsystems and
corresponding tables of ALL subsystems with module name, inputs, outputs,
functionality (see pp. 93 ~ 98 of textbook by Ford and Coulston), AND responsible team
member.
Submission instructions:
Report length: No limit
How to submit: Upload onto EvalTools by the deadline shown above.
Grading:
Overall functional decomposition – team performance
Subsystems – individual performance
New folder/fac_lee023_HW11_WR6_FinalReport (1) (1).pdf
ECE380 Professional Seminar
Spring 2017
HW11: Final Report
Date assigned: 4/10/16, Monday
Due date: Noon, Monday, 4/24/17
Max points: 100 pts.
Description:
Each team’s final report must contain properly revised details of all project aspects covered
in this course, i.e., marketing and engineering requirements, proper description of the
project, 3-level functional decomposition, and project management including a well-
planned project plan presented in a Gantt chart.
To give incentive to a proper revision of functional decomposition, the final report will
carry 100 points of which 40 points will be allocated to the revised functional
decomposition (presented within the final report). Gantt chart (presented within the final
report) will have 10 points among the total of 100 points for the final report. The rest 50
points will go to the overall quality of the report as described in the review criteria.
Submission instructions:
Final Reports are team submissions so each document shall have all team member names
and only one person in the team shall upload the report to the designated submission link.
New folder/fac_lee023_HW11_WR6_FinalRpt_Guideline (1) (1).docxFinal Project Report Title ECE 380 Professional Seminar
by
Author(s) Name(s)
Author Affiliation(s)
E-mail
Date
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Gannon University, Erie, PA
Acknowledgement
If you have any positive remarks this is the place to show your gratitude.
Abstract
The abstract is to be in fully-justified italicized text, as it is here, ...
a. Collect at least six published papers in one of the new tre.docxdaniahendric
a. Collect at least six published papers in one of the new trending technologies in
networking and data communications.
b. Read and prepare a report to summarize and discuss the papers you collected.
c. The report should include the following parts.
• Introduction.
• Detailed discussion of what you read (add your point of view if any on
the topic you are discussing).
• Summery.
d. Your report should be written in the following format.
• Four papers in minimum.
• Font type: Times New Romans.
• Font size: 12 pt.
• Line spacing 1.5
Paper Title* (use style: paper title)
*Note: Sub-titles are not captured in Xplore and should not be used
line 1: 1st Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 4th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 2nd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 5th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 3rd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 6th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
Abstract—This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special Characters, Footnotes, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract. (Abstract)
Keywords—component, formatting, style, styling, insert (key words)
I. Introduction (Heading 1)
This template, modified in MS Word 2007 and saved as a “Word 97-2003 Document” for the PC, provides authors with most of the formatting specifications needed for preparing electronic versions of their papers. All standard paper components have been specified for three reasons: (1) ease of use when formatting individual papers, (2) automatic compliance to electronic requirements that facilitate the concurrent or later production of electronic products, and (3) conformity of style throughout a conference proceedings. Margins, column widths, line spacing, and type styles are built-in; examples of the type styles are provided throughout this document and are identified in italic type, within parentheses, following the example. Some components, such as multi-leveled equations, graphics, and tables are not prescribed, although the various table text style ...
Paper Title (use style paper title)Note Sub-titles are not.docxaman341480
Paper Title* (use style: paper title)
*Note: Sub-titles are not captured in Xplore and should not be used
line 1: 1st Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 4th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 2nd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 5th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 3rd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 6th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
Abstract—This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special Characters, Footnotes, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract. (Abstract)
Keywords—component, formatting, style, styling, insert (key words)
I. Introduction (Heading 1)
This template, modified in MS Word 2007 and saved as a “Word 97-2003 Document” for the PC, provides authors with most of the formatting specifications needed for preparing electronic versions of their papers. All standard paper components have been specified for three reasons: (1) ease of use when formatting individual papers, (2) automatic compliance to electronic requirements that facilitate the concurrent or later production of electronic products, and (3) conformity of style throughout a conference proceedings. Margins, column widths, line spacing, and type styles are built-in; examples of the type styles are provided throughout this document and are identified in italic type, within parentheses, following the example. Some components, such as multi-leveled equations, graphics, and tables are not prescribed, although the various table text styles are provided. The formatter will need to create these components, incorporating the applicable criteria that follow.
II. Ease of Use
A. Selecting a Template (Heading 2)
First, confirm that you have the correct template for your paper size. This template has been tailored for output on the A4 paper size. If you are using US letter-sized paper, please close this file and download the Microsoft Word, Letter file.
B. Maintaining the Integrity of the Specifications
The template is used to format your paper and style the text. All margins, column widths, line spaces, and text fonts are prescribed; please do n.
With the Technological advancements, it is well understood that more and more objects are getting connected together. These objects are becoming more smarter to handle many operations through its inter connectivity. Rather than requiring devices to go through the network backbone infrastructure, fog computing permits devices to connect directly with their destination with ease and allows them to handle their connections and tasks. As a result, fog computing improves quality of service, reduces latency, and gives a more satisfactory user experience.
Fog computing or fog networking, also known as fogging, is an architecture that uses edge devices to carry out a substantial amount of computation, storage, and communication locally and routed over the internet backbone.
BUS310ASSIGNMENTImagine that you work for a company with an ag.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS310ASSIGNMENT
Imagine that you work for a company with an age diverse workforce. You have baby boomers working with millenials. Their backgrounds are different, and how they view work is different. This is causing some friction within the workforce. Before the tension escalates, you need to have a meeting to discuss the issue. Prepare a five to seven (5-7) slide PowerPoint presentation for your staff meeting that addresses this issue and proposes a solution.
Create a five to seven (5-7) slide PowerPoint presentation in which you:
1. Propose a solution that will relieve friction in your company’s age diverse workforce.
2. Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
a. Format the PowerPoint presentation with headings on each slide and at least one (1) relevant graphic (photograph, graph, clip art, etc.). Ensure that the presentation is visually appealing and readable from up to 18 feet away. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
b. Include a title slide containing the title of the assignment, your name, your professor’s name, the course title, and the date.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
· Explain effective approaches to the broad spectrum of employee relations, including career development, fostering ethical behavior, discipline, labor relations, and dismissals.
· Use technology and information resources to research issues in human resource management.
· Write clearly and concisely about human resource management using proper writing mechanics.
Click here to view the grading rubric for this assignment.
Team Project Deliverable and Presentation
You team works for XYZ Company, which has a directional strategy focused on expanding the company through horizontal integration. Your team can determine the official name of the company and industry. The company does a great job keeping close watch on its cash position and consistently maintains a positive cash flow; is very solvent; controls its overhead expenses; has solid marketing and sales, production, and human resources performance metrics, and fosters a culture of strategic thinkers. Historically, your company has expanded through a combination of organic (new startups) and inorganic growth and feels it’s time to consider acquisition opportunities.
The Board is looking to engage in a friendly acquisition of a company that will not only increase its market share, but allow it to penetrate new markets and increase the company’s abilities to meet current and future consumer needs and expectations. Since management’s attitude is to pursue a friendly acquisition as opposed to a hostile takeover, your team may consider looking at conglomerates that have experienced significant growth through inorganic growth (acquisitions) and may now be looking to refocus on their core business and are willing to consider divesting some of its businesses that are within your industry. There could be other companies.
a. Collect at least six published papers in one of the new tre.docxdaniahendric
a. Collect at least six published papers in one of the new trending technologies in
networking and data communications.
b. Read and prepare a report to summarize and discuss the papers you collected.
c. The report should include the following parts.
• Introduction.
• Detailed discussion of what you read (add your point of view if any on
the topic you are discussing).
• Summery.
d. Your report should be written in the following format.
• Four papers in minimum.
• Font type: Times New Romans.
• Font size: 12 pt.
• Line spacing 1.5
Paper Title* (use style: paper title)
*Note: Sub-titles are not captured in Xplore and should not be used
line 1: 1st Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 4th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 2nd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 5th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 3rd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
line 1: 6th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address or ORCID
Abstract—This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special Characters, Footnotes, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract. (Abstract)
Keywords—component, formatting, style, styling, insert (key words)
I. Introduction (Heading 1)
This template, modified in MS Word 2007 and saved as a “Word 97-2003 Document” for the PC, provides authors with most of the formatting specifications needed for preparing electronic versions of their papers. All standard paper components have been specified for three reasons: (1) ease of use when formatting individual papers, (2) automatic compliance to electronic requirements that facilitate the concurrent or later production of electronic products, and (3) conformity of style throughout a conference proceedings. Margins, column widths, line spacing, and type styles are built-in; examples of the type styles are provided throughout this document and are identified in italic type, within parentheses, following the example. Some components, such as multi-leveled equations, graphics, and tables are not prescribed, although the various table text style ...
Paper Title (use style paper title)Note Sub-titles are not.docxaman341480
Paper Title* (use style: paper title)
*Note: Sub-titles are not captured in Xplore and should not be used
line 1: 1st Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 4th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 2nd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 5th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 3rd Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
line 1: 6th Given Name Surname
line 2: dept. name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 3: name of organization
(of Affiliation)
line 4: City, Country
line 5: email address
Abstract—This electronic document is a “live” template and already defines the components of your paper [title, text, heads, etc.] in its style sheet. *CRITICAL: Do Not Use Symbols, Special Characters, Footnotes, or Math in Paper Title or Abstract. (Abstract)
Keywords—component, formatting, style, styling, insert (key words)
I. Introduction (Heading 1)
This template, modified in MS Word 2007 and saved as a “Word 97-2003 Document” for the PC, provides authors with most of the formatting specifications needed for preparing electronic versions of their papers. All standard paper components have been specified for three reasons: (1) ease of use when formatting individual papers, (2) automatic compliance to electronic requirements that facilitate the concurrent or later production of electronic products, and (3) conformity of style throughout a conference proceedings. Margins, column widths, line spacing, and type styles are built-in; examples of the type styles are provided throughout this document and are identified in italic type, within parentheses, following the example. Some components, such as multi-leveled equations, graphics, and tables are not prescribed, although the various table text styles are provided. The formatter will need to create these components, incorporating the applicable criteria that follow.
II. Ease of Use
A. Selecting a Template (Heading 2)
First, confirm that you have the correct template for your paper size. This template has been tailored for output on the A4 paper size. If you are using US letter-sized paper, please close this file and download the Microsoft Word, Letter file.
B. Maintaining the Integrity of the Specifications
The template is used to format your paper and style the text. All margins, column widths, line spaces, and text fonts are prescribed; please do n.
With the Technological advancements, it is well understood that more and more objects are getting connected together. These objects are becoming more smarter to handle many operations through its inter connectivity. Rather than requiring devices to go through the network backbone infrastructure, fog computing permits devices to connect directly with their destination with ease and allows them to handle their connections and tasks. As a result, fog computing improves quality of service, reduces latency, and gives a more satisfactory user experience.
Fog computing or fog networking, also known as fogging, is an architecture that uses edge devices to carry out a substantial amount of computation, storage, and communication locally and routed over the internet backbone.
Similar to New folderfac_lee023_HW06_WR5_FuncDecomp (3).pdfECE380 Pr.docx (20)
BUS310ASSIGNMENTImagine that you work for a company with an ag.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS310ASSIGNMENT
Imagine that you work for a company with an age diverse workforce. You have baby boomers working with millenials. Their backgrounds are different, and how they view work is different. This is causing some friction within the workforce. Before the tension escalates, you need to have a meeting to discuss the issue. Prepare a five to seven (5-7) slide PowerPoint presentation for your staff meeting that addresses this issue and proposes a solution.
Create a five to seven (5-7) slide PowerPoint presentation in which you:
1. Propose a solution that will relieve friction in your company’s age diverse workforce.
2. Format your assignment according to the following formatting requirements:
a. Format the PowerPoint presentation with headings on each slide and at least one (1) relevant graphic (photograph, graph, clip art, etc.). Ensure that the presentation is visually appealing and readable from up to 18 feet away. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
b. Include a title slide containing the title of the assignment, your name, your professor’s name, the course title, and the date.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
· Explain effective approaches to the broad spectrum of employee relations, including career development, fostering ethical behavior, discipline, labor relations, and dismissals.
· Use technology and information resources to research issues in human resource management.
· Write clearly and concisely about human resource management using proper writing mechanics.
Click here to view the grading rubric for this assignment.
Team Project Deliverable and Presentation
You team works for XYZ Company, which has a directional strategy focused on expanding the company through horizontal integration. Your team can determine the official name of the company and industry. The company does a great job keeping close watch on its cash position and consistently maintains a positive cash flow; is very solvent; controls its overhead expenses; has solid marketing and sales, production, and human resources performance metrics, and fosters a culture of strategic thinkers. Historically, your company has expanded through a combination of organic (new startups) and inorganic growth and feels it’s time to consider acquisition opportunities.
The Board is looking to engage in a friendly acquisition of a company that will not only increase its market share, but allow it to penetrate new markets and increase the company’s abilities to meet current and future consumer needs and expectations. Since management’s attitude is to pursue a friendly acquisition as opposed to a hostile takeover, your team may consider looking at conglomerates that have experienced significant growth through inorganic growth (acquisitions) and may now be looking to refocus on their core business and are willing to consider divesting some of its businesses that are within your industry. There could be other companies.
BUS308 – Week 1 Lecture 2 Describing Data Expected Out.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS308 – Week 1 Lecture 2
Describing Data
Expected Outcomes
After reading this lecture, the student should be familiar with:
1. Basic descriptive statistics for data location
2. Basic descriptive statistics for data consistency
3. Basic descriptive statistics for data position
4. Basic approaches for describing likelihood
5. Difference between descriptive and inferential statistics
What this lecture covers
This lecture focuses on describing data and how these descriptions can be used in an
analysis. It also introduces and defines some specific descriptive statistical tools and results.
Even if we never become a data detective or do statistical tests, we will be exposed and
bombarded with statistics and statistical outcomes. We need to understand what they are telling
us and how they help uncover what the data means on the “crime,” AKA research question/issue.
How we obtain these results will be covered in lecture 1-3.
Detecting
In our favorite detective shows, starting out always seems difficult. They have a crime,
but no real clues or suspects, no idea of what happened, no “theory of the crime,” etc. Much as
we are at this point with our question on equal pay for equal work.
The process followed is remarkably similar across the different shows. First, a case or
situation presents itself. The heroes start by understanding the background of the situation and
those involved. They move on to collecting clues and following hints, some of which do not pan
out to be helpful. They then start to build relationships between and among clues and facts,
tossing out ideas that seemed good but lead to dead-ends or non-helpful insights (false leads,
etc.). Finally, a conclusion is reached and the initial question of “who done it” is solved.
Data analysis, and specifically statistical analysis, is done quite the same way as we will
see.
Descriptive Statistics
Week 1 Clues
We are interested in whether or not males and females are paid the same for doing equal
work. So, how do we go about answering this question? The “victim” in this question could be
considered the difference in pay between males and females, specifically when they are doing
equal work. An initial examination (Doc, was it murder or an accident?) involves obtaining
basic information to see if we even have cause to worry.
The first action in any analysis involves collecting the data. This generally involves
conducting a random sample from the population of employees so that we have a manageable
data set to operate from. In this case, our sample, presented in Lecture 1, gave us 25 males and
25 females spread throughout the company. A quick look at the sample by HR provided us with
assurance that the group looked representative of the company workforce we are concerned with
as a whole. Now we can confidently collect clues to see if we should be concerned or not.
As with any detective, the first issue is to understand the.
BUS308 – Week 5 Lecture 1 A Different View Expected Ou.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS308 – Week 5 Lecture 1
A Different View
Expected Outcomes
After reading this lecture, the student should be familiar with:
1. What a confidence interval for a statistic is.
2. What a confidence interval for differences is.
3. The difference between statistical and practical significance.
4. The meaning of an Effect Size measure.
Overview
Years ago, a comedy show used to introduce new skits with the phrase “and now for
something completely different.” That seems appropriate for this week’s material.
This week we will look at evaluating our data results in somewhat different ways. One of
the criticisms of the hypothesis testing procedure is that it only shows one value, when it is
reasonably clear that a number of different values would also cause us to reject or not reject a
null hypothesis of no difference. Many managers and researchers would like to see what these
values could be; and, in particular, what are the extreme values as help in making decisions.
Confidence intervals will help us here.
The other criticism of the hypothesis testing procedure is that we can “manage” the
results, or ensure that we will reject the null, by manipulating the sample size. For example, if
we have a difference in a customer preference between two products of only 1%, is this a big
deal? Given the uncertainty contained in sample results, we might tend to think that we can
safely ignore this result. However, if we were to use a sample of, say, 10,000, we would find
that this difference is statistically significant. This, for many, seems to fly in the face of
reasonableness. We will look at a measure of “practical significance,” meaning the likelihood of
the difference being worth paying any attention to, called the effect size to help us here.
Confidence Intervals
A confidence interval is a range of values that, based upon the sample results, most likely
contains the actual population parameter. The “most likely” element is the level of confidence
attached to the interval, 95% confidence interval, 90% confidence interval, 99% confidence
interval, etc. They can be created at any time, with or without performing a statistical test, such
as the t-test.
A confidence interval may be expressed as a range (45 to 51% of the town’s population
support the proposal) or as a mean or proportion with a margin of error (48% of the town
supports the proposal, with a margin of error of 3%). This last format is frequently seen with
opinion poll results, and simply means that you should add and subtract this margin of error from
the reported proportion to obtain the range. With either format, the confidence percent should
also be provided.
Confidence intervals for a single mean (or proportion) are fairly straightforward to
understand, and relate to t-test outcomes simply. Details on how to construct the interval will be
given in this week’s second lecture. We want to understand how to interpret and understa.
BUS308 – Week 1 Lecture 1
Statistics
Expected Outcomes
After reading this lecture, the student should be familiar with:
1. The basic ideas of data analysis.
2. Key statistical concepts and terms.
3. The basic approach for this class.
4. The case focus for the class.
What we are all about
Data, measurements, counts, etc., is often considered the language of business. However,
it also plays an important role in our personal lives as well. Data, or more accurately, the
analysis of data answers our questions. These may be business related or personal. Some
questions we may have heard that require data to answer include:
1. On average, how long does it take you to get to work? Or, alternately, when do you
have to leave to get to work on time?
2. For budget purposes, what is the average expense for utilities, food, etc.?
3. Has the quality rejection rate on production Line 3 changed?
4. Did the new attendance incentive program reduce the tardiness for the department?
5. Which vendor has the best average price for what we order?
6. Which customers have the most complaints about our products?
7. Has the average production time decreased with the new process?
8. Do different groups respond differently to an employee questionnaire?
9. What are the chances that a customer will complain about or return a product?
Note that all of these very reasonable questions require that we collect data, analyze it,
and reach some conclusion based upon that result.
Making Sense of Data
This class is about ways to turn data sets, lots of raw numbers, into information that we
can use. This may include simple descriptions of the data with measures such as average, range,
high and low values, etc. It also includes ways to examine the information within the data set so
that we can make decisions, identify patterns, and identify existing relationships. This is often
called data analysis; some courses discuss this approach with the term “data-based decision
making.” During this class we will focus on the logic of analyzing data and interpreting these
results.
What this class is not
This class is not a mathematics course. I know, it is called statistics and it deals with
numbers, but we do not focus on creating formulas or even doing calculations. Excel will do all
of the calculations for us; for those of you who have not used Excel before, and even for some
who have, you will be pleasantly surprised at how powerful and relatively easy to use it is.
It is also not a class in collecting the data. Courses in research focus on how to plan on
collecting data so that it is fair and unbiased. Statistics deals with working on the data after it has
been collected.
Class structure
There are two main themes to this class. The first focuses on interpreting statistical
outcomes. When someone says, the result is statistically significant with a p-value of 0.01; we
need, as professionals, to know what it means. .
BUS308 Statistics for ManagersDiscussions To participate in .docxcurwenmichaela
BUS308
Statistics for Managers
Discussions
To participate in the following discussions, go to this week's
Discussion
link in the left navigation.
Language
Numbers and measurements are the language of business.. Organizations look at results, expenses, quality levels, efficiencies, time, costs, etc. What measures does your department keep track of ? How are the measures collected, and how are they summarized/described? How are they used in making decisions? (Note: If you do not have a job where measures are available to you, ask someone you know for some examples or conduct outside research on an interest of yours.)
Guided Response: Review several of your classmates’ posts. Respond to at least two of your classmates by providing recommendations for the measures being discussed.
Levels
Managers and professionals often pay more attention to the levels of their measures (means, sums, etc.) than to the variation in the data (the dispersion or the probability patterns/distributions that describe the data). For the measures you identified in Discussion 1, why must dispersion be considered to truly understand what the data is telling us about what we measure/track? How can we make decisions about outcomes and results if we do not understand the consistency (variation) of the data? Does looking at the variation in the data give us a different understanding of results?
Guided Response: Review several of your classmates’ posts. Respond to at least two classmates by commenting on the situations that are being illustrated.
.
BUS308 Week 4 Lecture 1
Examining Relationships
Expected Outcomes
After reading this lecture, the student should be familiar with:
1. Issues around correlation
2. The basics of Correlation analysis
3. The basics of Linear Regression
4. The basics of the Multiple Regression
Overview
Often in our detective shows when the clues are not providing a clear answer – such as
we are seeing with the apparent continuing contradiction between the compa-ratio and salary
related results – we hear the line “maybe we need to look at this from a different viewpoint.”
That is what we will be doing this week.
Our investigation changes focus a bit this week. We started the class by finding ways to
describe and summarize data sets – finding measures of the center and dispersion of the data with
means, medians, standard deviations, ranges, etc. As interesting as these clues were, they did not
tell us all we needed to know to solve our question about equal work for equal pay. In fact, the
evidence was somewhat contradictory depending upon what measure we focused on. In Weeks 2
and 3, we changed our focus to asking questions about differences and how important different
sample outcomes were. We found that all differences were not important, and that for many
relatively small result differences we could safely ignore them for decision making purposes –
they were due to simple sampling (or chance) errors. We found that this idea of sampling error
could extend into work and individual performance outcomes observed over time; and that over-
reacting to such differences did not make much sense.
Now, in our continuing efforts to detect and uncover what the data is hiding from us, we
change focus again as we start to find out why something happened, what caused the data to act
as it did; rather than merely what happened (describing the data as we have been doing). This
week we move from examining differences to looking at relationships; that is, if some measure
changes does another measure change as well? And, if so, can we use this information to make
predictions and/or understand what underlies this common movement?
Our tools in doing this involve correlation, the measurement of how closely two
variables move together; and regression, an equation showing the impact of inputs on a final
output. A regression is similar to a recipe for a cake or other food dish; take a bit of this and
some of that, put them together, and we get our result.
Correlation
We have seen correlations a lot, and probably have even used them (formally or
informally). We know, for example, that all other things being equal; the more we eat. the more
we weigh. Kids, up to the early teens, grow taller the older they get. If we consistently speed,
we will get more speeding tickets than those who obey the speed limit. The more efforts we put
into studying, the better grades we get. All of these are examples of correlations.
Correlatio.
BUS225 Group Assignment1. Service BlueprintCustomer acti.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS225 Group Assignment
1. Service Blueprint
Customer actions include the choice of visiting a Calvin Klein retail store, browsing clothes and asking for recommendations from a sales representative. Visible actions performed by Calvin Klein’s sales representative include greet customers upon arrival, check for inventory, bring clothes to customers and process payment. These actions are visible to customers and one invisible action performed by the sales representative would be finding customer clothes in the back room. The support processes include inventory-tracking system, inventory in the back room and POS systems, which allow the sales representative to deliver service smoothly.
2. Introduction
Calvin Klein is one amongst the leading fashion style and marketing studios within the world. It styles and markets women’s and men’s designer assortment attire and a variety of different products that area unit factory-made and marketed through an intensive network of licensing agreements and different arrangements worldwide.
2.1 Target Market
Calvin Klein targets male and female, and the millenials. The demographics of the people that would be receiving these messages from the “My Calvins” campaign would be men and women between the ages of 15-30, not married and have a median income.
Millenials believe that the next generation of robots are not going to replace people, but instead help to improve the effectiveness and service of industries. In today’s world, to suggest that automation will eliminate the need for human workers is proving to be as ridiculous as suggesting that tablets will replace laptops.
In the industrial world, robot design is pivoting from giant mechanical arms that take up factory floors, to smaller, more collaborative bots, that are designed to work alongside people. While these collaborative bots only make up 3% of the market today, they will make up 34% of the market by 2025.
3. Trend and importance of robotics
3.1. Role of robotics
The service sector is at an inflection point with regard to productivity gains and service industrialization similar to the industrial revolution in manufacturing that started in the eighteenth century. Robotics in combination with rapidly improving technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), mobile, cloud, big data and biometrics will bring opportunities for a wide range of innovations that have the potential to dramatically change service industries. The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential role service robots will play in the future and to advance a research agenda for service researchers (Wirtz et al. 2018).
Advancements in technology are radically transforming service, and increasingly providing the underlying basis for service strategy. Technological capabilities inevitably advance, firms will tend to move from standardized to personalized and from transactional to relational over time, implying that firms should be alert to technological opportunities to .
BUS301 Memo Rubric Spring 2020 - Student.docxBUS301 Writing Ru.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS301 Memo Rubric Spring 2020 - Student.docx
BUS301 Writing Rubric
Performance Dimensions
N/A
Not Met
Met
Comments
Organization (OABC)
Opening gets attention, provides context, and introduces topic
0
1
Agenda previews content of the document
0
1
Body
0
2
Sound paragraphing decisions (length and development)
Paragraphs limited to one topic per paragraph
Complete discussion of one topic before moving to next topic
Transitions and flow between paragraphs smooth
The overall flow/logic/structure of document is apparent
Closing summarizes and concludes, recommends, if appropriate
0
1
Content
The content of the document is relevant; information meaningful
0
2
The document is developed with adequate support and examples
0
2
The content is accurate and appropriate, with insightful analysis
0
2
Proofreading
The grammar and spelling are correct (proofread)
0
3
Punctuation—comma usage, capitalization, etc.—used correctly
0
3
The sentence structure and length are appropriate
0
1
Format
Appropriate formatting is used for type of document written
0
1
Good use of font, margins, spacing, headings, and visuals
0
1
[11/2016]
Example - Good - Corrected student example Spring 2020.docx
TO: Professor __________
FROM: Suzy Student
DATE: February 1, 2020
SUBJECT: Out of Class Experience – Cybersecurity Conference
Cybersecurity is a topic everyone should be concerned about, so I attended the 3rd Annual Cybersecurity Event held in the Grawn Atrium. I gained insight and knowledge from listening to the speakers that came from different kinds of industries. In this memo, I will discuss what I learned from the speaker and two takeaways: 1) cybersecurity is everywhere, 2) personal identifiable information, and 3) cybersecurity for the business student.
Cybersecurity is Everywhere
The conference was an opportunity to learn about cybersecurity. The first speaker talked about how companies are attacked in many different ways every day. The “bad guys” are trying to steal company information as well as employee information. Both kinds of information are valuable on the black market. The second speaker talked about the internet of things (IoT). These are things that are attached to the internet. The speaker talked about autonomous cars and medical equipment (heart) that talks to the internet. She talked about how cyber can and should influence designs. “Things” must be created with cybersecurity included in every step of the design. The last speaker talked about how my information has value. The “bad guys” steal my information and people want to buy it. Making money is one reason hackers steal millions of records.
Personal Identifiable Information
Personal Identifiable Information (PII) is any information relating to an identifiable person. There are laws in place to help make sure this information is secure. This topic is a takeaway for me because I had no idea my data had any value t.
BUS1431Introduction and PreferencesBUS143 Judgmen.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS143
1
Introduction and Preferences
BUS143: Judgment and Decision Making
Ye Li
All rights reserved ®
Why you decided to take this class
“Decisions are the essence of
management. They’re what
managers do—sit around all
day making (or avoiding)
decisions. Managers are judged
on the outcomes, and most of
them—most of us—have only
the foggiest idea how we do
what we do.”
Thomas Stewart
Former editor (2002-2008),
Harvard Business Review
BUS143
2
Decision Making: Two Questions
• Why is decision making difficult?
• What constitutes a good decision?
Decision Making: Good Process
• What is a decision?
– A costly commitment to a course of action.
• Outcomes versus Process
Outcomes
Good Bad
Process
Good
Bad
Bad “luck”
Good “luck”
BUS143
3
Components of a Good Decision
• I have considered my ABCs
– Alternatives
– Beliefs
– Consequences
• I am devoting an appropriate amount of
resources
• I have avoided major decision traps
Decision Making Components: The ABCs
• Alternatives
– Identification and articulation
– Construction/refinement
• Beliefs
– Identification and quantification of uncertainties
– Information collection/gathering
• Consequences
– Identification of consequences (and objectives
addressed by consequences)
– When possible, quantification of tradeoffs among
objectives
BUS143
4
Decision Making: Good Process
• Putting it all together (for now)…
Good decision making is choosing the
alternative that best meets your objectives
in the face of uncertainty about what
consequences will ensue.
3 Perspectives on Decision Making
• Normative
– How should people make decisions?
Related concepts: rational; optimizing; forward-looking
• Descriptive
– How do people make decisions?
Related concepts: boundedly rational; limited cognitive capacity;
heuristics or rule-based; myopic
• Prescriptive
– How can we help people make better decisions?
– Prescriptive advice via practical applications, in…
Management
Marketing
Finance
HR
Life!
BUS143
5
Example
• Problem
– Imagine two 1-mile-long (1.61km) pieces of railroad track, put
end to end, and attached to the ground at the extremes.
When it gets hot, each piece of track expands by 1 inch
(2.54cm), forcing the pieces to rise above the ground where
they meet in the middle.
How high will the track be in the middle?
• Normative rule:
– Pythagorean Theorem:
• Descriptive reality:
– Most people underestimate x. (We anchor on 1 inch.)
• Prescription:
– Use normative rule (geometry). Don’t rely on intuition.
More Examples
• Normative rule:
– Lighter objects should
be judged as lighter.
• Descriptive reality:
– Sometimes our vision
tricks us.
• Prescription:
– Use an outside reference
or instrument
– Note: Pilots have specific
strategies for
counteracting visual
illusions
Which box looks lighter?
BUS143
6
Class Philosophy
• Overarching goal:
– Help you to.
BUS210 analysis – open question codesQ7a01 Monthly OK02 Not .docxcurwenmichaela
BUS210 analysis – open question codes
Q7a
01 Monthly OK
02 Not trading hours
03 Every 2 weeks
05 Don’t know
Q8
01 More information wanted
02 More security/Police
03 More involvement from business
04 Inconvenient times
05 Street activation needs improvement
06 Too busy to be involved
08 More outside main areas
Q11
01 Toilets
02 Security/Police
03 Problems with access
04 Better parking needed
05 Has been positive improvement
Q14
01 Pedestrian flows
02 Tourist/visitor information
03 Business statistics – local and general
D2 Business Types
01 Accommodation/hospitality
02 Retail
03 Bank
04 Café/fast food
05 Professional services
06 Travel
07 NGO/Charity
08 Manufacturing
09 Media/art
Questionnaire
Introduce: We have been commissioned by the X Sydney Council to conduct independent research of its BID members. The research will be used to improve Council activities. Your comments will be confidential.
For the following statement, can you tell me whether you agree or disagree? Then ask: is that strongly/mildly agree/disagree?
1 = strongly agree 2 = mildly agree 3 = mildly disagree 4 = strongly disagree
5 = Don’t know (don’t say) 6 = N/A (don’t say) READ OUT AS INDICATED IN QUESTIONS BELOW
Write in rating
START QUESTIONS HERE: Firstly, some questions about Council BID membership and street activation groups
Q1 (read out scale options) I’m active in the Council BID
Q2 (read out scale options again) Local businesses support the BID
Q3 The BID should be doing more for businesses in X Sydney
Q4 I am satisfied with the street activation activities organised by the Council BID
Q5 I participate in the BID street activation groups (yes/no question) if yes go to Q7
Yes/No
Q6 I am interested in participating in a BID street activation group
Q7 Do you think BID member meetings should be more frequent?
If yes, how often (write in) ……………………………………………
YES/NO/Don’t know
Q8 Do you have any comments in relation to the questions I’ve just asked?
(write in)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
(read out) Now, Just a few questions about safety and amenities
Q9 (Read out scale again) Being able to access safety, crime prevention tools information and reporting forms all in one place through the BID website is something I value
Q10 The public space and amenity quality is good in the Council area
Q11 Do you have any comments about safety and amenities
(write in)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
And finally a few questions about communications (read out)
Q12 I a.
Bus101 quiz (Business Organizations)The due time is in 1hrs1 .docxcurwenmichaela
Bus101 quiz (Business Organizations)
The due time is in 1hrs
1/ Both socialism and communism are variations of:
Select one:
a. command economies.
b. competitive economies.
c. free-market economies.
d. plutocratic systems.
2 / To be effective, empowerment will require lower-level workers to :
Select one:
a. have more training.
b. accept less responsibility and lower wages.
c. receive less training.
d. have written policies regulating each aspect of their work.
3)
As a small business owner, Tanika can't afford to provide her employees with the high wages and benefits offered by big corporations. One way to retain her employees and create a high level of motivation would be to:
Select one:
a. threaten to fire her existing employees and hire new workers.
b. adopt a policy of promoting the workers who have been employed the longest.
c. empower her employees to develop their own ideas.
d. hire only family members, since they are more loyal.
4/
Anita is employed as plant manager for Mojo Industries, Incorporated. Though she spends some time performing all management functions, she is particularly concerned with tactical planning and controlling. Anita's position would be classified as part of Mojo's:
Select one:
a. top management.
b. lateral management.
c. supervisory management.
d. middle management.
5/
Which of the following policies would tend to foster entrepreneurship?
Select one:
a. establishing a currency that is tradable on world markets.
b. establishing more regulations to protect the environment.
c. developing policies to reduce corruption between individuals.
d. allowing public ownership of businesses.
6)
All else held equal, socially responsible firms:
Select one:
a. are viewed more favorably by consumers.
b. enjoy significantly higher profits.
c. often experience customer loyalty problems.
d. fail to earn sufficient profits for their owners.
7) After personal savings, the next largest source of capital for entrepreneurs is from:
Select one:
a. large multinational banks.
b. the Small Business Administration.
c. state and local governments.
d. friends and family.
8/
Patrick's Products has a manufacturing plant near Chicago. The plant specializes in compact washers and dryers for countries in which consumers have less living space. Patrick's Products participates in the global market through:
Select one:
a. importing.
b. dumping.
c. exporting.
d. balancing trade.
9/
Managers who listen to their subordinates and allow them to participate in decision-making are using the ____________ style of leadership.
Select one:
a. autocratic
b. free-rein
c. participative
d. bureaucratic
10/
Which of the following statements about partnerships is the most accurate?
Select one:
a. A partnership is simply a corporation with fewer than 100 owners.
b. A major advantage of a partnership is that it offers owners limited liability.
c. A major drawback of a partnership is that it is difficult to terminate.
d. Partnerships are taxed at the lowest corporate tax .
BUS 625 Week 4 Response to Discussion 2Guided Response Your.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 625 Week 4 Response to Discussion 2
Guided Response: Your initial response should be a minimum of 300 words in length. Respond to at least two of your classmates by commenting on their posts. Though two replies are the basic expectation for class discussions, for deeper engagement and learning, you are encouraged to provide responses to any comments or questions others have given to you.
Below there are two of my classmate’s discussion that needs I need to response to their names are Umadevi Sayana
and Britney Graves
Umadevi Sayana
TuesdayMar 17 at 7:50am
Manage Discussion Entry
Twitter mining analyzed the Twitter message in predicting, discovering, or investigating the causation. Twitter mining included text mining that designed specifically to leverage Twitter content and context tweets. With the use of text mining, twitter was able to include analysis of additional information that associates to tweets, which include hashtags, names, and other related characteristics. The mining also employs much information as several tweets, likes, retweets, and favorites trying to understand the considerations better. Twitter using text mining was successful in capturing and reflecting different events that relate to other conventional and social media. In 2013, there were over 500 million messages per day for twitter and became impossible for any human to analyze. It became important than to develop computer-based algorithms, including data mining. Twitter implements text mining in analyzing the sentiment that associates with twitter messages. It based on the analysis of the keyword that words are having a negative, positive, or neutral sentiment (Sunmoo, Noémie& Suzanne, (Links to an external site.)n.d). Positive words, for example like great, beautiful, love, and negative words of stupid, evil, and waste, do regularly have lexicons. Using text mining, Twitter was able to capture sentiments by capturing many dictionary symbols. Moreover, the sentiment applied to abbreviations, emoticons, and repeated characters, symbols, and abbreviations.
The sentiments on topics of economics, politics, and security are usually negative, and sentiments related to sports are harmful. Twitter also used text mining to collect and analyze for topic modeling techniques over time. To pull out the data from Twitter, TwitterR used. “Someone well versed in database architecture and data storage is needed to extract the relevant information in different databases and to merge them into a form that is useful for analysis” ( Sharpe, De Veaux & Velleman, 2019, p.753). It provides the interface that connects to Twitter web API; retweetedby/ids also used combined with RCurl package in finding out several tweets that retweeted. Text mining is also used in Twitter to clean the text by taking out hyperlinks, numbers, stop words, punctuations, followed by stem completion. Text mining also implemented for social network analysis.
Web mining focus on data knowledge discovery .
BUS 625 Week 2 Response for Discussion 1 & 2Week 2 Discussion 1 .docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 625 Week 2 Response for Discussion 1 & 2
Week 2 Discussion 1 Response
Guided Response: Your initial response should be a minimum of 300 words in length. Respond to at least two of your classmates by commenting on their posts. In your response, provide your own interpretation of their distribution graph. Note any differences between your classmate’s interpretation and your own. Though two replies are the basic expectation for class discussions, for deeper engagement and learning you are encouraged to provide responses to any comments or questions others have given to you. Continuing to engage with peers and the instructor will further the conversation and provide you with opportunities to demonstrate your content expertise, critical thinking, and real-world experiences with the discussion topics.
Below there are two of my classmate’s discussion that needs I need to response to their names are Kristopher Wentworth and Ashley Thiberville
Kristopher Wentworth
This graph is a representation of single people versus married couples from the year 1950 to the year 2019. This information was gathered and presented by the U.S. Department of Commerce and the U.S. Census Bureau who have a good record of presenting accurate data and are highly credible. The U.S. Department of Commerce is responsible for promoting economic growth in the united states. The U.S. Census Bureau is an agency of the Federal government that is responsible for producing data about the people of America and the economy.
So, the graph that I chose to talk about is one showing the gap between how many people are married and how many people are single in the united states from 1950 - 2019. I chose this graph because it caught my attention right away because of the contrasting colors but also because of the information displayed. It is crazy to think that since 1950 the American population has more than doubled according to this graph and with the growing population, the numbers of married couples and singles rise too. However, if you look at the percentages of singles they haven't changed all too much. For example, the number of single Americans in 1950 was 37.3M and in 2019 it was 125.7M. Even with such a large population boom the percentage that was never married really hadn't changed going from 69% to 68%.
The presentation of this graph is excellent with the line graph being yellow and on a blue backdrop, it allows it to really stand out. The shape of the graph shows a sharp incline as the population in us explodes. Since this graph is focused on the single population of America it puts the focus on that with stats like "never been married, divorced, widowed" because there are multiple ways to be single and really only one way to be married.
Ashley Thiberville
The above histogram was compiled by the United States Census Bureau to show the rise of one-person households in the US. The Census Bureau is a branch of the Department of Commerce within the United States gov.
Bus 626 Week 6 - Discussion Forum 1Guided Response Respon.docxcurwenmichaela
Bus 626 Week 6 - Discussion Forum 1
Guided Response: Respond to at least two of your fellow students’ and to your instructor’s posts in a substantive manner and provide information or concepts that they may not have considered. Each response should have a minimum of 100 words. Support your position by using information from the week’s readings. You are encouraged to post your required replies earlier in the week to promote more meaningful and interactive discourse in this discussion forum. Continue to monitor the discussion forum until Day 7 and respond with robust dialogue to anyone who replies to your initial post.
Jocelyn Harnett
Egypt has a sizable trade deficit that has continued to grow through the 21st century. The country has imports that make up a third of GDP and exports that make up one tenth of GDP. Egypt has many critical trade partners that include China, the United States, and the Gulf Arab countries. Throughout history Egypt has had an unstable government which has led to an unstable economy. This is related to the fluctuations the country has experienced in tariffs and taxes. The country has stabilized in recent years, but the historic instability still remains a critical factor when considering the expansion of Wal-Mart into Egypt. The trade deficit would not be a concern under normal conditions due to the fact that this means money is flowing into the country and creating new opportunities, but because the government is not stable Wal-Mart would want to ascertain that money was being invested properly in the future. If money is not being utilized correctly than the trade deficit becomes a concern because future generations are inheriting a debt that had no payback associated with it. The exchange rate of the Egyptian pound has gotten stronger to the US Dollar, which is a good indicator the economy is heading in the correct direction. Wal-Mart expansion could benefit from getting into the market in Egypt at the right time to see major profits.
Egypt is a market that will continue to grow as the internal government becomes stabilized and the country continues to focus on improving the economic welfare of the people. Currently the market in Egypt is volatile and companies that select to make an investment here must be aware of the many different cultural aspects that will affect success. The government is working to “find solutions and solve difficulties for people and businesses” (Bawaba, 2019) and has seen success in the first half of 2019. “At the time of May 31, 2019, the whole country had 721,516 businesses doing business, increasing 23,921 enterprises (3.43 %) compared to the end of 2018.” (Bawaba, 2019). This sort of success validates a foreign company wanting to make an investment, but continued analysis of the country’s government stability will be needed before each new storefront is added.
References:
Bawaba, A. (2019). Egypt : "Reviewing tax policies, finding solutions to solve difficulties for people and .
BUS 499, Week 8 Corporate Governance Slide #TopicNarration.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 499, Week 8: Corporate Governance
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Corporate Governance.
Please go to the next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Describe how corporate governance affects strategic decisions.
Please go to the next slide.
3
Supporting Topics
In order to achieve these objectives, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Separation of ownership and managerial control;
Ownership concentration;
Board of directors;
Market for corporate control;
International corporate governance; and
Governance mechanisms and ethical behavior.
Please go to the next slide.
4
Separation of Ownership and Managerial Control
To start off the lesson, corporate governance is defined as a set of mechanisms used to manage the relationship among stakeholders and to determine and control the strategic direction and performance of organizations. Corporate governance is concerned with identifying ways to ensure that decisionsare made effectively and that they facilitate strategic competitiveness. Another way to think of governance is to establish and maintain harmony between parties.
Traditionally, U. S. firms were managed by founder- owners and their descendants. As firms became larger the managerial revolution led to a separation of ownership and control in most large corporations. This control of the firm shifted from entrepreneurs to professional managers while ownership became dispersed among unorganized stockholders. Due to these changes modern public corporation was created and was based on the efficient separation of ownership and managerial control.
The separation of ownership and managerial control allows shareholders to purchase stock. This in turn entitles them to income from the firm’s operations after paying expenses. This requires that shareholders take a risk that the firm’s expenses may exceed its revenues.
Shareholders specialize in managing their investment risk. Those managing small firms also own a significant percentage of the firm and there is often less separation between ownership and managerial control. Meanwhile, in a large number of family owned firms, ownership and managerial control are not separated at all. The primary purpose of most large family firms is to increase the family’s wealth.
The separation between owners and managers creates an agencyrelationship. An agency relationship exists when one or more persons hire another person or persons as decision- making specialists to perform a service. As a result an agency relationship exists when one party delegates decision- making responsibility to a second party for compensation. Other examples of agency relationships are consultants and clients and insured and insurer. An agency relationship can also exist between managers and their employees, as well as between top- level managers and the firm’s owners.
The sep.
BUS 499, Week 6 Acquisition and Restructuring StrategiesSlide #.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 499, Week 6: Acquisition and Restructuring Strategies
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to Business Administration.
In this lesson we will discuss Acquisition and Restructuring Strategies.
Please go to the next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify various levels and types of strategy in a firm.
Please go to the next slide.
3
Supporting Topics
In order to achieve this objective, the following supporting topics will be covered:
The popularity of merger and acquisition strategies;
Reasons for acquisitions;
Problems in achieving acquisition success;
Effective acquisitions; and
Restructuring.
Please go to the next slide.
4
The Popularity of Merger and Acquisition Strategies
The acquisition strategy has been a popular strategy among U.S. firms for many years. Some believe that this strategy played a central role in an effective restructuring of U.S. business during the 1980s and 1990s and into the twenty-first century.
An acquisition strategy is sometimes used because of the uncertainty in the competitive landscape. A firm may make an acquisition to increase its market power because of a competitive threat, to enter a new market because of the opportunity available in that market, or to spread the risk due to the uncertain environment.
The strategic management process calls for an acquisition strategy to increase a firm’s strategic competitiveness as well as its returns to shareholders. Thus, an acquisition strategy should be used only when the acquiring firm will be able to increase its value through ownership of the acquired firm and the use of its assets.
Please go to the next slide.
5
Mergers, Acquisitions, and Takeovers
A merger is a strategy through which two firms agree to integrate their operations on a relatively coequal basis. Few true mergers actually occur, because one party is usually dominant in regard to market share or firm size.
An acquisition is a strategy through which one firm buys a controlling, or one hundred percent, interest in another firm with the intent of making the acquired firm a subsidiary business within its portfolio. In this case, the management of the acquired firm reports to the management of the acquiring firm. Although most mergers are friendly transactions, acquisitions can be friendly or unfriendly.
A takeover is a special type of an acquisition strategy wherein the target firm does not solicit the acquiring firm’s bid. The number of unsolicited takeover bids increased in the economic downturn of 2001 to 2002, a common occurrence in economic recessions; because the poorly managed firms that are undervalued relative to their assets are more easily identified.
On a comparative basis, acquisitions are more common than mergers and takeovers.
Please go to the next slide.
6
Reasons for Acquisitions
There are a number of reasons firms decide to acquire another company. These are:
Increased market power;
Overcoming entry barriers;
Co.
BUS 499, Week 4 Business-Level Strategy, Competitive Rivalry, and.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 499, Week 4: Business-Level Strategy, Competitive Rivalry, and Competitive Dynamics
Slide #
Topic
Narration
1
Introduction
Welcome to Senior Seminar in Business Administration.
In this lesson, we will discuss Business-Level Strategy, Competitive Rivalry, and Competitive Dynamics.
Next slide.
2
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify various levels and types of strategy in a firm.
Next slide.
3
Supporting Topics
In order to achieve this objective, the following supporting topics will be covered:
Customers: their relationship with business-level strategies;
The purpose of a business-level strategy;
Types of business-level strategies;
A model of competitive rivalry;
Competitor analysis;
Drivers of competitive actions and responses;
Competitive rivalry;
Likelihood of attack;
Likelihood of response; and
Competitive dynamics.
Next slide.
4
Customer Relationships
Strategic competitiveness results only when the firm is able to satisfy a group of customers by using its competitive advantages as the basis for competing in individual product markets. A key reason firms must satisfy customers with their business-level strategy is that returns earned from relationships with customers are the lifeblood of all organizations. The most successful companies try to find new ways to satisfy current customers and/or meet the needs of new customers.
The firm’s relationships with its customers are strengthened when it delivers superior value to them. Strong interactive relationships with customers often provide the foundation for the firm’s efforts to profitably serve customers’ unique needs.
The reach dimension of relationships with customers is concerned with the firm’s access and connection to customers. Richness is concerned with the depth and detail of the two-way flow of information between the firm and the customer. Affiliation is concerned with facilitating useful interactions with customers.
Deciding who the target customer is that the firm intends to serve with its business-level strategy is an important decision. Companies divide customers into groups based on differences in the customers’ needs to make this decision. Dividing customers into groups based on their needs is called market segmentation, which is a process that clusters people with similar needs into individual and identifiable groups.
Next slide.
5
Customer Relationships, continued
After the firm decides who it will serve, it must identify the targeted customer group’s needs that its good or services can satisfy. Successful firms learn how to deliver to customers what they want and when they want it. In a general sense, needs are related to a product’s benefits and features. Having close and frequent interactions with both current and potential customers helps firms identify those individuals’ and groups’ current and future needs.
As explained in previous lessons, core competencies are resources and capabilities that serve as a source of.
BUS 437 Project Procurement Management Discussion QuestionsWe.docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 437 Project Procurement Management Discussion Questions
Week 2 Discussion
“Effective Management.” There are three (3) recommendations for effective management of projects in concurrent multiphase environments: Organizational System Design, System Implementation, and Managing in Concurrent Engineering.· Which of these three (3) recommendations for effective management would you or do you use most often? Why?
Week 3 Discussion
Top of Form
“Managing Configuration and Data for Effective Project Management.” The process protocol model consists of thirteen (13) steps from Inception to Feedback.· What are the steps?· Can any be skipped in this process model? What are the steps?
Week 4 Discussion“Organizational Project Management Maturity Model.” Students will respond to the following:· What is the four-step process of innovation and learning and how can your organization apply these steps to manage a project?· Of the five (5) levels of an organizational project management maturity model, which level is often the most difficult to manage? Why?
INTEGRATED SEMESTER ASSIGNMENT
(FINC 300, INFO 300, MGMT 300, MKTG 300)
DUE: April 12, 2019
INSTRUCTIONS:
The objective of the integrated semester is to help you extend your knowledge of how the finance,
operations, management, and marketing disciplines work and how they integrate their functioning in
the real world of business. This assignment is an assessment of how well you understand this
integration. It is worth 10% of your course grade.
YOUR ASSIGNMENT IS TO ANSWER ALL OF THE QUESTIONS, IN A SINGLE DOCUMENT:
• The assignment should be prepared as a Word document, 12 -14 pages in length (approx. 3
pages for each discipline’s questions).
• The document should be double spaced, using Ariel font #12.
• Label each section (e.g., FINANCE) to indicate which discipline’s questions you are
answering.
• Add any Appendices at the end of the Word document.
• Upload the entire Word file through the link on Canvas to each of your Integrated Semester
courses by the due date.
Note: Your reference sources, in addition to the base case and question sets, should be online sites
and articles, Bloomberg terminals, your Integrated Semester textbooks and PowerPoint slides. Also
note, Turnitin, a software tool that improves writing and prevents plagiarism, will be used to assess
your sourcing of information. Do your own work.
FINANCE ASSIGNMENT
The objective of the integrated semester is to help you extend your knowledge of how the finance,
operations, management, and marketing disciplines work and how they integrate their functioning in
the real world of business. This assignment is an assessment of how well you understand this
integration. It is worth 10% of your course grade.
Use either the Bloomberg terminals located at the Feliciano School of Business or other reputable
sources such as finance.yahoo.com, morningstar.com or Wall Street Jo.
BUS 480.01HY Case Study Assignment Instructions .docxcurwenmichaela
BUS 480.01HY Case Study Assignment
Instructions
Instructions: Each of you have been assigned a company to complete a case study analysis report.
The case distribution can be found on BlackBoard (course content -> case study analysis - > case
study distribution). Complete a thorough research on your company in order to complete the
analysis. It is required for you to use scholarly journals and peer-reviewed articles, which can be
found on the University’s website in the library section. I have provided you with very detailed
information on how to complete a thorough case analysis report. I am available during my office
hours to discuss. I will also schedule a case analysis session during lunch time this week. If you are
able to make it, please attend for one-on-one assistance.
Your “draft is due this Thursday, October 11th. I am not looking for perfection here, but please do
your best in writing and researching. Your final product will be due on Thursday, October 18th.
BUS 480.01HY Case Study Assignment
Instructions
1. Format – please review the case study format guidelines placed on BlackBoard
The use of headers and sub-headers is strongly suggested
2. Submission
1. Submit to BlackBoard (course content -> case study analysis - > Case Study Analysis
Report). Failure to submit in proper area will result in a 0.
3. Introduction
In 3-4 paragraphs describe the case facts and background. This should include BRIEF
information about the firm, however do NOT simply duplicate what is in the case itself.
As things change quickly in business, you may wish to check the current status of the
firm and briefly discuss the most current information.
4. Body
This should be about 4-5 pages in length (minimum – this is only a guideline). Review
posted guidelines for more information/detail
a) State the Problem/Key Issues
What are the key marketing or business issues in the case? These might be problems,
opportunities or challenges the firm is facing. For example:
o Sales have declined by 10 percent in the last year.
o The competition has launched a new and innovative product.
o Consumer tastes have changed and the firm’s most successful product is at risk.
o The CEO made a public racial slur and has affected the company internally and
externally.
5. Conclusion (include recommendations in this section)
For the issues you identified above, you must identify potential solutions and analyze
each of them. For example, for the decline in sales noted above we might try any of the
following, among other options:
1. increase advertising
2. develop a new product
3. implement diversity training
4. launch a brand awareness campaign
For each of the alternatives, you should analyze the costs, benefits, resources required
and possible outcomes. Typically, you will have 3-4 of these alternatives. Any given
alternative solution might address multiple issues. If t.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
New folderfac_lee023_HW06_WR5_FuncDecomp (3).pdfECE380 Pr.docx
1. New folder/fac_lee023_HW06_WR5_FuncDecomp (3).pdf
ECE380 Professional Seminar
Spring 2017
HW5 (WR5): Functional Decomposition
Date assigned: 3/13/17, Monday
Due date: Noon, 3/20/17, Monday
Max points: 20 pts.
Description:
Written Report 5 is on completing 3-level (i.e., Level 0, Level
1, and Level 2) functional
decomposition of your project. Each student shall individually
submit one report that
shows complete functional decomposition of the project but also
clearly identified
individual responsibilities for implementation. As such, all team
members of a project
should first discuss and come up with a complete set of Level 1
subsystems that could be
implemented under balanced workloads among the team
members. Then, each member
shall further elaborate his/her assigned Level 1 subsystems into
Level 2.
This report should include block diagrams of all Level 0 ~
Level 2 subsystems and
2. corresponding tables of ALL subsystems with module name,
inputs, outputs,
functionality (see pp. 93 ~ 98 of textbook by Ford and
Coulston), AND responsible team
member.
Submission instructions:
above.
Grading:
n – team performance
– individual performance
New folder/fac_lee023_HW11_WR6_FinalReport (1) (1).pdf
ECE380 Professional Seminar
Spring 2017
HW11: Final Report
Date assigned: 4/10/16, Monday
Due date: Noon, Monday, 4/24/17
Max points: 100 pts.
Description:
Each team’s final report must contain properly revised details of
all project aspects covered
in this course, i.e., marketing and engineering requirements,
proper description of the
3. project, 3-level functional decomposition, and project
management including a well-
planned project plan presented in a Gantt chart.
To give incentive to a proper revision of functional
decomposition, the final report will
carry 100 points of which 40 points will be allocated to the
revised functional
decomposition (presented within the final report). Gantt chart
(presented within the final
report) will have 10 points among the total of 100 points for the
final report. The rest 50
points will go to the overall quality of the report as described in
the review criteria.
Submission instructions:
Final Reports are team submissions so each document shall have
all team member names
and only one person in the team shall upload the report to the
designated submission link.
New folder/fac_lee023_HW11_WR6_FinalRpt_Guideline (1)
(1).docxFinal Project Report Title ECE 380 Professional
Seminar
by
Author(s) Name(s)
Author Affiliation(s)
E-mail
4. Date
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Gannon University, Erie, PA
Acknowledgement
If you have any positive remarks this is the place to show your
gratitude.
Abstract
The abstract is to be in fully-justified italicized text, as it is
here, below the author information. Use the word “Abstract” as
the title, in 12-point Times, boldface type, centered relative to
the column, initially capitalized. The abstract is to be in 10-
point, double-spaced type, and up to 1 page in length. Leave the
page blank lines after the abstract, and then begin the main text.
List of Tables
[Note] Use Reference > Insert Table of Figures (and choose
figures or tables, properly). To be able to create this, you will
need to use Insert Caption for figure/table captions in the main
body when you insert tables/figures.
Make sure only table number and caption appear here; NO
actual tables should appear here.
Table 1. Input data3
5. List of Figures
[Note] Use Reference > Insert Table of Figures (and choose
figures or tables, properly). To be able to create this, you will
need to use Insert Caption for figure/table captions in the main
body when you insert tables/figures.
Make sure only figure number and caption appear here; NO
actual figures should appear here.
Figure 1. Database contexts3
Table of Contents
[Note] Use Reference > Table of Contents (and choose figures
or tables, properly).
List of Tables iii
List of Figures iv
Table of Contents v
1. Introduction 1
2. Formatting your report 1
3. Main title 1
4. Author name(s) and affiliation(s) 1
5. Second and following pages 1
6. Type-style and fonts 2
7. Main text 2
8. First-order headings 2
8.1. Second-order headings 2
9. Footnotes 3
10. References 3
Appendices 3
v
1. Introduction
All manuscripts must be in English. These guidelines include
complete descriptions of the fonts, spacing, and related
6. information for producing your proceedings manuscripts.
This report should include the following:
· Need
· Objective
· Background/Literature Survey
· Marketing (or User) Requirement
· Description of the Proposed Approach
· Functional Decomposition
· Project Management (WBS and Gantt chart)
Your WBS would be completed within this MS Word (or first in
Excel file and then copied into this Word document) and Gantt
chart in an MS Project file (and copied into the main body or
Appendix of this Word Document). A couple of comments to
avoid common mistakes in completing the Gantt chart are:
· Each task in your Gantt chart shall contain a brief note that
would be equivalent to “Description” in your WBS table. Such a
note for a task can be inserted by double clicking the cell
containing the Task Name in your Project file for a Gantt chart.
Note when your Gantt chart is printed, these notes should
appear after the list of tasks.
· All tasks in your Gantt chart shall have appropriate
predecessors such that all changes in time duration for tasks can
result in proper adjustment in the overall schedule of the project
completion.
2. Formatting Your Report
All printed material, including text, illustrations, and charts,
must be kept within a print area of 6-1/2 inches (16.51 cm) wide
by 8-7/8 inches (22.51 cm) high. Do not write or print anything
outside the print area. Text must be fully justified.
3. Main Title
The main title (on the first page) should begin 1-3/8 inches
(3.49 cm) from the top edge of the page, centered, and in Times
14-point, boldface type. Capitalize the first letter of nouns,
pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs; do not capitalize
articles, coordinate conjunctions, or prepositions (unless the
7. title begins with such a word). Leave two 12-point blank lines
after the title.
4. Author Name(s) and Affiliation(s)
Author names and affiliations are to be centered beneath the
title and printed in Times 12-point, non-boldface type. Multiple
authors may be shown in a two- or three-column format, with
their affiliations italicized and centered below their respective
names. Include e-mail addresses if possible. Author information
should be followed by two 12-point blank lines.
5. Second and Following Pages
The second and following pages should begin 1.0 inch (2.54 cm)
from the top edge. On all pages, the bottom margin should be 1-
1/8 inches (2.86 cm) from the bottom edge of the page for 8.5 x
11-inch paper.
6. Type-style and Fonts
Wherever Times is specified, Times Roman or Times New
Roman may be used. If neither is available on your word
processor, please use the font closest in appearance to Times.
Avoid using bit-mapped fonts if possible. True-Type 1 fonts are
preferred.
7. Main Text
Type your main text in 10-point Times, double-spacing. All
paragraphs should be indented 1/4 inch (approximately 0.5 cm).
Be sure your text is fully justified—that is, flush left and flush
right. Please do not place any additional blank lines between
paragraphs.
Do not use PERSONAL PRONOUNS.
Figure and table captions should be 10-point boldface Helvetica
(or a similar sans-serif font). Callouts should be 9-point non-
boldface Helvetica. Initially capitalize only the first word of
each figure caption and table title. Figures and tables must be
numbered separately. For example: “Figure 1. Database
contexts”, “Table 1. Input data”. Figure captions are to be
centered below the figures. Table titles are to be centered above
the tables. Figures and tables must be referenced and explained
clearly in the text. You must convey the information that you
8. plan to communicate clearly in all figures and tables.
The following are inserted here to generate a list of figures and
a list of tables:
Figure is placed here
Figure 1. Database contexts
Figure 2 graphics here
Figure 2. testing again
Table 1. Input data
Table is place here
8. First-order Headings
For example, “1. Introduction”, should be Times 12-point
boldface, initially capitalized, flush left, with one blank line
before, and one blank line after. Use a period (“.”) after the
heading number, not a colon.
8.1. Second-order Headings
As in this heading, they should be Times 11-point boldface,
initially capitalized, flush left, with one blank line before, and
one after.
8.1.1. Third-order Headings.
Third-order headings, as in this paragraph use 10-point Times,
boldface, initially capitalized, flush left, preceded by one blank
line, followed by a period and your text on the same line.
9. Footnotes
Use footnotes sparingly (or not at all) and place them at the
bottom of the column on the page on which they are referenced.
Use Times 8-point type, single-spaced. To help your readers,
avoid using footnotes altogether and include necessary
peripheral observations in the text (within parentheses, if you
prefer, as in this sentence).
10. References
9. List and number all bibliographical references in 10-point
Times, double-spaced, at the end of your report. When
referenced in the text, enclose the citation number in square
brackets, for example [1]. Where appropriate, include the
name(s) of editors of referenced books.
[1] A.B. Smith, C.D. Jones, and E.F. Roberts, “Article Title,”
Journal, Publisher, Location, Date, pp. 1-10.
[2] Jones, C.D., A.B. Smith, and E.F. Roberts, Book Title,
Publisher, Location, Date.
Appendices
4
New
folder/fac_lee023_HW11_WR6_FinalRpt_ReviewCriteria_17SP
(1).pdf
ECE380 Professional Seminar Spring 2017
Project Title:
Student name(s):
Grading
Category
Criteria in reference
to ABET Student
Outcomes or
necessary report
components
10. Justification – why this criterion? Comments Grade
Assigned
A Knowledge of
contemporary issues
(PI_10_2: Relate
classical topics in
engineering to
modern technologies)
A well thought‐out idea of a capstone project should be
well described and justified for its quality in this report.
In particular, descriptions of the project idea must
properly relate classical topics in engineering to modern
technologies, in a separate section (or subsection).
/10
B Structure of the final
report and overall
quality of the report
Does it follow the report structure specified? /10
C Functional
decomposition
Is it properly revised? /40
D Gantt chart Is it properly revised? /10
E An ability to design a
system, component,
or process to meet
11. desired needs within
realistic constraints
such as economic,
environmental, social,
political, ethical,
health and safety,
manufacturability,
and sustainability
(PI_3_2: Incorporate
economic and/or
societal impact into
the design)
A well thought‐out idea of a capstone project should be
well described and justified for its quality in this report.
In particular, descriptions of the project idea must
include how your project incorporates economic and/or
societal impact into the design, in a separate section (or
subsection).
/ 10
ECE380 Professional Seminar Spring 2017
Grading
Category
Criteria in reference
to ABET Student
Outcomes or
necessary report
components
12. Justification – why this criterion? Comments Grade
Assigned
F Broad education
necessary to
understand the
impact of engineering
solutions in a global
and societal context
(PI_8_2: Evaluate and
describe accurately
the environmental
and economic
tradeoff of
engineering solutions)
A well thought‐out idea of a capstone project should be
well described and justified for its quality in this report.
In particular, descriptions of the project idea must
include, in a separate section (or subsection), evaluation
and description of the environmental and economic
tradeoffs of engineering solutions pertinent to your
project.
10
G Broad education
necessary to
understand the
impact of engineering
solutions in a global
and societal context
(PI_8_3: Evaluate and
describe accurately
the health/safety and
economic tradeoff of
13. engineering solutions)
A well thought‐out idea of a capstone project should be
well described and justified for its quality in this report.
In particular, descriptions of the project idea must
include, in a separate section (or subsection), evaluation
and description of the health/safety and economic
tradeoffs of engineering solutions pertinent to your
project.
10
Overall Grade /100
New folder/Motion sensor review system (1) (1).pdf
Motion Sensor Review System for American Football
Touchdowns
and First Downs
Submitted for
James J. Duratz Undergraduate
Student Research Fund
14. Student Researchers: Mohammed Alyami Faculty Mentors:
Dr. Ramakrishnan Sundaram
Hussain Alshuaibi Dr. Wookwon Lee
Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Dept. of Electrical
& Computer Engineering
_______________________________
_______________________________
Signature Date
Signature Date
Abstract
In sports, nobody enjoys a missed call or lengthy review.
15. Critics will always doubt the ability of
human referees and officials to make an objective unbiased
judgement. Advances in technology have
finally provided a solution to a problem that has baffled fans,
officials and participants since sports were
invented: how to tell if a ball or player crossed a line with
complete objectivity.
Motion sensors are the solution. They are already used to
detect break-ins, determine where
things lie on the ocean floor, and manage air traffic. FIFA
(Fédération Internationale de Football
Association) has been using a sensor system to alert officials of
goals for more than a year.1 The objective
of this project is to devise a similar system for American
Football. Like the FIFA system, it would replace
camera systems that ultimately lead to video replay and the
subjugation of human error with an unbiased
system that would determine if a player achieved a first down or
a touchdown. One critical component
will be to timestamp the crossing of the ball to aid further
review of a player’s knee or elbow touching the
ground, which also affects the ruling on the field. Although
future projects may be able to create a method
to determine when a player’s knee touches the ground, this is
beyond the scope of this project. However,
because the crossing of the plane or first down line will be
accurately timestamped, the camera system
review process for this can be aided.
Background and Significance
As mentioned, FIFA employs a sensor based system to
determine goals. The main system used is
known as GoalRef. The GoalRef system has two key elements:
an “iBall” and an electromagnetic field
around the goal posts. The “iBall” is embedded with passive
16. circuits that will respond to the application
of an electromagnetic field. An electromagnetic is generated
within the goal posts and the complete
passing of the “iBall” will cause a change in the field that is
picked up via sensors.2 This indicates a goal.
The system will then notify the officiating crew by sending
signals to their watches.
The GoalRef system is very cost effective when compared to
high tech camera systems such as
Hawkeye that can be used for video replay and goal
determination2; however, there are some difficulties
in the system when applied to American football. The first is
that only part of the one foot long ball has to
cross the line, while in soccer, the entire ball must cross the
line. The second is that the line to cross is
always changing in American football, unlike the fixed goal
lines in soccer. The third is that in American
football, the crossing of the line is not the only factor; the
player’s body with relation to the ground must
also be considered. To overcome these difficulties, the designed
system needs to be easily mobile, and it
needs to timestamp and record multiple crossings.
To make it mobile, the sensors that were mounted to the goal
posts will be mounted to the pylons
and the first down stick. The system, rather than create an
electromagnetic field, will send out pulses
within milliseconds of each other in a straight line across the
field and detect if the ball, which will be
filled with a reflector, that will bounce back the signals. To
ensure that the field is covering the proper
path, the field emitter will be able to tell if it is parallel with
the plane of the ground and with the side
lines, and the field will cover just over the width of the football
field in both directions. As an extra pre-
caution, a receiver will be held exactly parallel to the emitter to
collect the signals and prevent false
17. reflections and interference.
The proposed research will determine the precision and
effectiveness of such a system for
American football. It will discover if the additional challenges
presented by American football can be
overcome in a practical system. It will build upon researchers’
knowledge of electromagnetic fields,
circuits, and communication technology. If the goals of this
project are successfully achieved, the path to
1 S. Gibbs. (2014, 6 16). World cup goal line technology: how
does it work?[website article]. Available:
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/jun/16/world-
cup-goalline-technology-football-brazil-2014
2 physics.org. (2017). How does goal line technology work?
[website article]. Available:
http://www.physics.org/article-questions.asp?id=125
objective sports officiating will be continued and brought to a
new level allowing for future research and
projects to extend the applications. The success of this project
may also one day decrease negative tension
surrounding sporting events and ease the minds of referees
everywhere about whether or not they made
the correct call.
Budget
a. Item Requested Vendor Cat # Quantity Costs
Switch Mode Circuit CIS3020SW 1
$149
Power Supply Specialist
RF Antenna LSR IP67
18. 2 $30
Football Dick’s Sporting 15979273 2
$36
Goods
Misc. laboratory supplies $200
Total amount requested: $415
b. Justification
Switch mode power supply (1) will be used to generate pulses.
RF antennas will be used to send out and
receive reflections of pulses. Footballs are necessary to perform
test on. Miscellaneous lab supplies
include cables, signal converters or adapters, and different
metal reflectors to be tested on for reflection of
pulses.
c. Partial funding for the project would be accepted.