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NewBase Energy News 02 August 2020 - Issue No. 1360 Senior Editor Eng. Khaled Al Awadi
0
NewBase For discussion or further details on the news below you may contact us on +971504822502, Dubai, UAE
Safe start-up of Unit 1 of Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant
successfully achieved
WAM/Hassan Bashir/Tariq alfaham
The Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation, ENEC, today announced that its operating and
maintenance subsidiary, Nawah Energy Company, Nawah, has successfully started up Unit 1 of the
Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant, located in the Al Dhafrah Region of Abu Dhabi, United Arab
Emirates, UAE.
This step is the most historic milestone to date in the delivery of the UAE Peaceful Nuclear Energy
Programme, as part of the process towards generating clean electricity for the Nation for at least
the next 60 years.
Since receipt of the Operating License from the Federal Authority for Nuclear Regulations, FANR,
in February 2020, and the completion of fuel assembly loading in March 2020, Nawah, the Joint
Venture nuclear operations and maintenance subsidiary of ENEC and the Korea Electric Power
Corporation, KEPCO, has been safely progressing through a comprehensive testing programme,
prior to successfully completing the start-up of the first nuclear energy reactor of the Barakah plant.
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The start-up of Unit 1 marks the first time that the reactor safely produces heat, which is used to
create steam, turning a turbine to generate electricity.
Nawah’s qualified and licensed team of nuclear operators focus on safely controlling the process
and controlling the power output of the reactor. After several weeks and conducting numerous safety
tests, Unit 1 will be ready to connect to the UAE’s electricity grid, delivering the first megawatts of
clean electricity to the homes and businesses of the Nation.
Testing has been undertaken with the continued oversight of the UAE’s independent nuclear
regulator, FANR, and follows the World Association of Nuclear Operator’s, WANO, completion of a
Pre Start-up Review , PSUR, in January 2020, prior to receipt of the Operating License, which
ensures Unit 1 is aligned with international best practice in the nuclear energy industry.
Mohamed Ibrahim Al Hammadi, Chief Executive Officer of ENEC, said: "Today is a truly historic
moment for the UAE. It is the culmination of more than a decade of vision, strategic planning and
robust program management. Despite the recent global challenges, our team has demonstrated
outstanding resilience and commitment to the safe delivery of Unit 1. We are now another step
closer to achieving our goal of supplying up to a quarter of our Nation’s electricity needs and
powering its future growth with safe, reliable, and emissions-free electricity.
"Through the realization of the vision of our Leadership, the Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant has
become an engine of growth for the Nation. It will deliver 25 percent of the UAE’s electricity with
zero carbon emissions while also supporting economic diversification by creating thousands of high-
value jobs through the establishment of a sustainable local nuclear energy industry and supply
chain.
We are grateful to the Leadership for their continuous support in making this remarkable
achievement happen, along with the support of our UAE stakeholders and Korean partners, and
congratulate everyone involved in the Programme on this landmark occasion."
Once the unit is connected to the grid, the nuclear operators will continue with a process of gradually
raising the power levels, known as Power Ascension Testing, PAT. Throughout, the systems of Unit
1 are continuously monitored and tested as the unit proceeds towards full electricity production in
line with all regulatory requirements and the highest international standards of safety, quality and
security. Once the process is completed over the course of a number of months, the plant will deliver
abundant baseload electricity at full capacity to power the growth and prosperity of the UAE for
decades to come. Commenting on this key milestone in UAE nuclear energy operations, Eng. Ali
Al Hammadi, Chief Executive Officer of Nawah, said: "The start-up of Unit 1 is a significant milestone
With 21 Million
Tone of CO2
saving per Year
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for Nawah Energy Company as we fulfill our mandate to operate and maintain the plant in
accordance with the highest international standards of safety and quality. The dedication of our
people as well as our close collaboration with our Korean partners and cooperation with numerous
international expert organisations has enabled this accomplishment. This reflects our commitment
to upholding the highest safety,
quality and operational
transparency standards throughout
the entire commissioning and
startup process by leveraging the
expertise of the global nuclear
industry.
"I am especially proud of our
talented UAE National engineers
and nuclear professionals who
contributed to the construction of
Unit 1, as well as the UAE National
Senior Reactor Operators and
Reactor Operators who have been
certified to safely operate the plant, alongside our international experts, to ensure the safe and
sustainable operations of the unit for decades to come," concluded Eng. Ali Al Hammadi.
The UAE is the first country in the Arab World, and the 33rd nation globally, to develop a nuclear
energy plant to generate safe, clean, and reliable baseload electricity. The Barakah plant is
significantly contributing to the UAE’s efforts to move towards the electrification of its energy sector,
and the decarbonisation of electricity production.
When fully operational, the plant will produce 5.6 gigawatts of electricity while preventing the release
of more than 21 million tons of carbon emissions every year, equivalent to the removal of 3.2 million
cars from the Nation’s roads annually.
Since the UAE Peaceful Nuclear Energy Programme commenced in 2009, ENEC has worked
closely with international nuclear bodies, including the International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA,
and WANO, in line with the robust regulatory framework of FANR. To date, more than 255
inspections have been undertaken by FANR to ensure the Barakah plant and its people and
processes meet the highest standards of nuclear quality and safety. These national reviews have
been supported by more than 40 assessments and peer reviews by the IAEA and WANO.
ENEC recently announced the construction completion of Unit 2, with operational readiness
preparations now underway by Nawah. Construction of Units 3 and 4 of the Barakah Nuclear Energy
Plant is in the final stages, with the overall construction completion of the four units now standing at
94 percent.
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Oman Drydock eyes repair order-book of 200 ships per year
Oman Observer - Conrad Prabhu
Oman Drydock Company (ODC) is targeting a major increase in the throughput of vessels calling
at its modern yard at the Port of Duqm for repair and main tenance services.
According to a senior official of the state-owned yard – part of the government’s transport and
logistics arm Asyad Group – ODC is eyeing a repair order-book of at least 200 ships per annum
starting from 2021. This is in addition to an array of steel fabrication, sludge treatment and other
specialized services provided by the yard to the maritime, industrial and offshore markets.
“Our plan is to reach 200 ships per year, compared to 176 ships handled last year,” said Ahmed al
Sheuili (pictured), Marketing Manager. “This year, the target is 200 ships too, but due to the COVID-
19 situation, we may not reach that number. However, from next year onward, we aim to achieve
this target annually.”
Participating in an online panel discussion hosted by the Special Economic Zone Authority of Duqm
(SEZAD) on Tuesday, Al Sheuili said the yard has so far handled over 900 ships since it came into
operation in 2011. Its strategic location at the entrance of the Arabian Gulf, makes it attractive for
vessels sailing in from either the Suez Canal or the Indian Ocean, he noted.
Ahead of the yard’s plan to add new buildings to its portfolio of capabilities, ODC is also gearing up
for a sizable expansion of the size of its workforce, said Al Sheuili.
“We currently have around 3,500 workers, but our aim is to increase it to 4,000, the majority of
whom are blue-collar workers from India, Philippines, and Vietnam with experience in ship repairs.
Having proven ourselves to be reliable in the repair and maintenance of ships, now is the time for
the yard to move into new buildings.”
In recent years, the yard has ramped up its capabilities to offer a range of value-added services to
ship-owners bringing their vessels for dry-docking and repairs. Notable is the fabrication and
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installation of on-board scrubbers and ballast water systems designed to help ships meet their
emission and effluent control requirements.
Spacious and well-equipped workshops also support the yard’s ambitions to grow its steel
fabrication business catering to both ships and the industrial market. With these capabilities, the
yard is able to build platforms, upgrade the topsides of offshore rigs and jack-up rigs, and undertake
conversions for FPSOs, and storage units of offshore platforms.
Earlier, the yard launched a first of its kind facility for the handling and treatment and sludge and
slop – oily water and tanker bottoms that must be safely disposed of at suitably equipped reception
centres. This facility not only caters to sludge and slop wastes from visiting ships but also refineries
and petrochemical plants operating in the country.
Significantly, ODC is working with SEZAD to attract specialist service providers that can
complement the yard’s repair and maintenance offerings, said the official. The goal, he said, is to
position ODC as a one-stop provider of end-to-end ship and maintenance services, as well as
newbuilds.
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Morocco: Sound Energy to pursue Moroccan on site mocro- LNG project
LNG world - Adnan Bajic
The UK-based Sound Energy has issued 129.4 million shares aiming to raise £2.75 million ($3.56
million) as it pushes forward with its Moroccan LNG project. The company noted it is also looking
to place a further 82.4 million additional shares for £1.75 million.
The net proceeds will be used to strengthen the company’s cash position as it continues to progress
its phased development strategy as outlined in its announcement of February 17, 2020.
The net proceeds, in addition to total existing cash resources, are sufficient to meet the company’s
present working capital requirements through to March 2021 and will enable Sound Energy to
continue moving the phase 1 development of the Tendrara Production Concession towards a final
investment decision as well as progressing other planned 2020 corporate objectives.
To remind, the Morocco-focused upstream gas company has focused on pursuing a micro LNG
production plan for the TE-5 Hirst field within the Tendrara production concession.
The proposed micro LNG production plan will involve the processing and liquefaction of the gas
produced at the field with the resulting LNG being transported to industrial customer sites in
Morocco.
Settlement for the Placing Shares and Admission is expected to take place on or before August 5,
2020.
Morocco assets farm-down talks halted
Sound Energy noted it is no longer in discussions with the previously proposed purchaser.
However, having announced its phased development strategy, which is currently being advanced,
Sound Energy continues to engage with multiple other potential partners who have expressed
interest in participating in the company’s strategy by way of a potential farm-in.
Normal business development discussions are ongoing in this regard. However, there can be no
certainty that any of these discussions will advance and the company’s current key priority is to
deliver a final investment decision on its proposed phase 1 development of the Tendrara production
concession during 2020
Mini LNG Plants small scale liquefied
natural gas solution
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OPEC prepares for an age of dwindling demand
Reuters + Oman Observer
The coronavirus crisis may have triggered the long-anticipated tipping point in oil demand and it is
focusing minds in OPEC.
The pandemic drove down daily crude consumption by as much as a third earlier this year, at a time
when the rise of electric vehicles and a shift to renewable energy sources were already prompting
downward revisions in forecasts for long-term oil demand.
It has prompted some officials in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, oil’s most
powerful proponent since it was founded 60 years ago, to ask whether this year’s dramatic demand
destruction heralds a permanent shift and how best to manage supplies if the age of oil is drawing
to a close.
“People are waking up to a new reality and trying to work their heads around it all,” an industry
source close to OPEC told Reuters, adding the “possibility exists in the minds of all the key players”
that consumption might never fully recover.
Reuters interviewed seven current and former officials or other sources involved in OPEC, most of
whom asked not to be named. They said this year’s crisis that sent oil below $16 a barrel LCOc1
had prompted OPEC and its 13 members to question long-held views on the demand growth
outlook.
Just 12 years ago, OPEC states were flush with cash when oil peaked above $145 a barrel as
demand surged.
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Now it faces a dramatic adjustment if consumption starts a permanent decline. The group will need
to manage even more closely its cooperation with other producers, such as Russia, to maximize
falling revenues and will have to work to ensure relations inside the group are not frayed by any
fratricidal dash to defend market share in a shrinking business.
“OPEC’s job will be harder in the future because of lower demand and rising non-OPEC production,”
said Hasan Qabazard, OPEC’s head of research from 2006 to 2013 whose work now includes
advising hedge funds and investment banks on OPEC policy.
One official, who works in energy studies in the oil ministry of a major OPEC member, said shocks
to oil demand had in the past led to permanent changes in consumer behavior. He said this time
was unlikely to be different.
“The demand does not return to pre-crisis levels or it takes time for this to happen,” he said. “The
main concern is that oil demand will peak in the next few years due to rapid technological advances,
especially in car batteries.”
In 2019, the world consumed 99.7 million barrels per day (bpd) – and OPEC was forecasting a rise
to 101 million bpd in 2020.
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But global lockdowns this year that grounded planes and took traffic off the streets, prompted OPEC
to slash the 2020 figure to 91 million bpd, with 2021 demand still seen below 2019 levels.
Producing nations, energy analysts and oil companies have long tried to work out when the world
would reach “peak oil”, the point after which consumption starts permanently falling. But demand
has climbed steadily each year, with occasional exceptions amid economic downturns.
Nevertheless, OPEC has been scaling back expectations. In 2007, it forecast world demand would
hit 118 million bpd in 2030. By last year, its 2030 forecast had dropped to 108.3 million bpd. Its
November report is expected to show another downward revision, one OPEC source says.
OPEC officials declined to comment on its demand outlook or policy for this article. But officials
have said history shows OPEC’s ability to adapt to changes in the market.
Consumption forecasts vary outside OPEC. Oil companies have cut long-term crude price outlooks
as demand prospects fade – slashing the value of their assets as a result.
Global consultancy DNV GL believes demand probably peaked in 2019.
Oil’s percentage share of the global energy mix has steadily fallen in recent decades, from about
40% of the energy used in 1994 to 33% in 2019, even as volumes consumed rose with more cars
on the roads, rising air travel and petrochemical industry that makes ever more plastics and other
products.
at may now be changing, as more electric vehicles roll out of factories and airlines struggle to
recover from the pandemic. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) does not expect air
travel to reach 2019 levels until 2023 – at the earliest.
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“Once aviation recovers by end-2023, demand will go back to normal — aside from the competition
from other sources of energy,” said a second OPEC official involved in forecasting, highlighting the
difficulty of making predictions amid a global trend towards using more renewables and other fuels.
It leaves OPEC with a mounting challenge. Most members of the group, which sits on 80% of the
world’s proven oil reserves, rely heavily on crude. Oil prices, now hovering above $40, are still well
below the level most governments need to balance their budgets, including Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s
de facto leader.
OPEC, whose output accounts for about a third of world supplies, is no stranger to crises. It has
managed supply shocks during Gulf conflicts in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s and found ways to
cope when rival non-OPEC producers turn on the taps, like the U.S. shale oil industry in the past
decade.
Most recently, when the coronavirus crisis pummelled demand, OPEC with Russia and other allies,
a grouping known as OPEC+, agreed record output cuts of 9.7 million bpd, the equivalent of 10%
of global supplies. Those deep cuts run to the end of July.
Yet, what comes next promises to be a new test of OPEC’s mettle. Instead of dealing with one-off
shocks, OPEC must learn to live with long-term decline.
“This trend will put stress on the cooperation between OPEC members, as well as between OPEC
and Russia, as each strives to maintain its market share,” said Chakib Khelil, Algeria’s oil minister
for a decade and twice OPEC’s president.
Some short-term challenges may come from within OPEC, as Iran and Venezuela, both hit by U.S.
sanctions, seek to boost production or as output recovers in conflict-stricken Libya. Others may
come from outside, as the group tries to prevent U.S. shale production from taking market share
while OPEC seeks to curtail output in its efforts to support prices.
“Many challenges are ahead, and we have to adapt,” said one OPEC delegate, who said the group’s
handling of past crises proved it was able to respond. OPEC’s former research head, Qabazard,
said the group might have a little more time to adjust before demand peaked. But he said the
deadline for OPEC to adapt was approaching.
“I don’t think it will go higher than 110 million barrels per day by the 2040s,” he said, adding that
fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic had changed consumer habits for good. Reuters
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NewBase August 02-2020 Khaled Al Awadi
NewBase For discussion or further details on the news below you may contact us on +971504822502 , Dubai , UAE
Oil falls on fears of glut as OPEC+ set to boost output
Reuters + NewBase

Oil prices fell on Monday on oversupply worries as OPEC and its allies are set to wind back output
cuts in August and a rise in worldwide COVID-19 cases points to a slower pick-up in demand.
Brent crude futures slid 27 cents, or 0.6%, to $43.25 a barrel by 0642 GMT. U.S. West Texas
Intermediate (WTI) crude futures were down 34 cents, or 0.8%, at $39.93.
Brent posted a fourth month of gains in July and U.S. crude posted a third as both rose from depths
hit in April, when much of the world was in lockdown due to the coronavirus pandemic.
“Investors are worried about oversupply as OPEC+ is due to start reducing production cuts this month and a
recovery in oil prices from record lows is likely to encourage U.S. shale producers to ramp up output,” said
Hiroyuki Kikukawa, general manager of research at Nissan Securities.
Oil output by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries rose by over 1 million barrels a day in
July as Saudi Arabia and other Gulf members ended their voluntary extra supply curbs on top of an OPEC-
led deal.
Oil price special
coverage
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Russia’s oil output in July was unchanged from June levels, the nation’s Energy Ministry said on
Sunday. OPEC+, a grouping of OPEC and allies including Russia, is set to step up output in August,
adding about 1.5 million bpd to global supply.
U.S. energy firms kept the number of oil and natural gas rigs unchanged at a record low as the rig
count fell for a fifth straight month, although July marked the smallest monthly decline of the five.
Oil prices are set for a slow crawl upwards this year as the gradual easing of coronavirus-led
restrictions buoys demand, although a second COVID-19 wave could slow the pace of a recovery,
a Reuters poll showed on Friday.
The Australian state of Victoria declared a “state of emergency” on Sunday, while authorities in the
Philippines said they would impose fresh restrictions in Manila this week, reflecting global worries
about getting the pandemic under control.
“Adding to matters is that the U.S. consumer market is entering the last few weeks of peak driving
season and with mobility tracking data flatlining,” Stephen Innes, chief global market strategist at
AxiCorp, said in a report.
“Unless there is a significant drop in the COVID-19 case count curve that is sufficient enough to
reduce consumer fear ... and shift mobility data higher, demand might not get much better from here
on in,” Innes said.
Russian oil output rises to 9.37 million bpd in July
Russian oil and gas condensate production increased to 9.37 million barrels
per day (bpd) in July from 9.32 million bpd in June, Interfax news agency
reported on Sunday, citing energy ministry data.
In tonnes, Russian oil and gas condensate production rose to 39.63
million in July from 38.16 million in June, Interfax reported.
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NewBase Special Coverage
The Energy world - Special 02- August -2020
World geothermal energy development and technologies
IRENA + Eia + NewBAse
Geothermal energy is heat derived within the sub-surface of the earth. Water and/or steam carry
the geothermal energy to the Earth’s surface. Depending on its characteristics, geothermal energy
can be used for heating and cooling purposes or be harnessed to generate clean electricity.
However, for electricity, generation high or medium temperature resources are needed, which are
usually located close to tectonically active regions.
This key renewable source covers a significant share of electricity demand in countries like Iceland,
El Salvador, New Zealand, Kenya, and Philippines and more than 90% of heating demand in
Iceland.
The main advantages are that it is not depending on weather conditions and has very high capacity
factors; for these reasons, geothermal power plants are capable of supplying baseload electricity,
as well as providing ancillary services for short and long-term flexibility in some cases.
There are different geothermal technologies with distinct levels of maturity. Technologies for direct
uses like district heating, geothermal heat pumps, greenhouses, and for other applications are
widely used and can be considered mature.
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The technology for electricity generation from hydrothermal reservoirs with naturally high
permeability is also mature and reliable, and has been operating since 1913. Many of the power
plants in operation today are dry steam plants or flash plants (single, double and triple) harnessing
temperatures of more than 180°C.
However, medium temperature fields are more and more used for electricity generation or for
combined heat and power thanks to the development of binary cycle technology, in which
geothermal fluid is used via heat exchangers to heat a process fluid in a closed loop. Additionally,
new technologies are being developed like Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), which are in the
demonstration stage.
To promote wider geothermal energy development, IRENA coordinates and facilitates the work of
the Global Geothermal Alliance (GGA) – a platform for enhanced dialogue and knowledge sharing
for coordinated action to increase the share of installed geothermal electricity and heat generation
worldwide.
To promote wider geothermal energy development, IRENA coordinates and facilitates the work of
the Global Geothermal Alliance (GGA) – a platform for enhanced dialogue and knowledge sharing
for coordinated action to increase the share of installed geothermal electricity and heat generation
worldwide.
U.S. utility-scale geothermal power plants
Utility-scale geothermal power plants in the United States use either steam power or a binary
cycle to generate electricity. Of the 2,558 megawatts (MW) of geothermal power plant capacity
currently operating in the United States, 1,826 MW of capacity is from steam-powered plants and
731 MW of capacity is from binary-cycle powered plants. Unlike steam-powered geothermal power
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plants, which use steam directly from a geothermal well to spin a turbine and generate electricity,
binary-cycle geothermal power plants use a heat exchanger to take heat from the hot water to heat
a secondary fluid that then spins a turbine.
A little more than 70% of the geothermal capacity was built before the year 2000, mostly using
steam-powered technology. Newer plants, however, are predominately binary. Of the 735 MW of
capacity built since the turn of the century, nearly 90% is binary-cycle capacity.
All of the geothermal plants in the United States are located in the western part of the country,
mostly in California or Nevada. California has 91% of the country’s steam-powered capacity, and
65% of binary-cycle capacity is found in Nevada.
Geothermal plants are geographically limited to areas with hydrothermal resources, which are
naturally occurring underground reservoirs of steam and hot water. The steam and hot water can
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be used for power generation by drilling a well into the reservoir and piping them to the surface. The
hot water or steam powers a turbine, which generates electricity. The type of geothermal power
plant technology used depends on the characteristics of the reservoir.
There are two types of steam-powered geothermal plants, dry steam and flash. A dry steam plant
operates in reservoirs that primarily produce steam at the surface of the well. The steam produced
from the reservoir turns the turbines’ blades to generate power, and as the steam cools, it is
reinjected into the reservoir as water.
A flash plant operates in reservoirs that produce a mix of steam and hot water. The steam in the
reservoir is separated from the water and is sent to the turbines to generate electricity. The
remaining water is flashed, or vaporized, into steam in low pressure tanks and directed to the
turbines. Dry steam and flash plants typically have reservoir temperatures of 400°F to 650°F, and
they range from 3,000 feet to 10,000 feet deep.
Binary cycle plants are used for lower temperature reservoirs (200°F to 330°F). These plants pump
hot water from the reservoir through a heat exchanger, where the heat is transferred to a secondary
working fluid with a lower boiling point than water. The working fluid vaporizes and passes through
the turbine, generating electricity, while the water is returned to the reservoir.
Currently, the United States has 93 binary cycle generators, averaging 8 MW of capacity each, and
79 steam generators that average 23 MW each. Dry steam and flash plants, which require rarer
high-temperature, shallow reservoirs, have higher power output and are, therefore, more
economically efficient than binary plants. However, because binary plants can operate at reservoirs
with lower temperatures, they have more options for suitable locations.
New technologies are being developed that would allow geothermal plants to operate in areas that
are currently not feasible for steam or binary plants. These areas could provide up to 500 gigawatts
of additional geothermal capacity. Two of these new technologies, Enhanced Geothermal
Systems (EGS) and Closed Loop Geothermal, are in the experimental phase.
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or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this
publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 17
NewBase for discussion or further details on the news below you may contact us on +971504822502, Dubai, UAE
The Editor:” Khaled Al Awadi” Your partner in Energy Services
NewBase energy news is produced Twice a week and sponsored by Hawk Energy Service – Dubai, UAE.
For additional free subscriptions, please email us.
About: https://secure.terrapinn.com/V5/step1.aspx?E=6180Khaled Malallah Al Awadi, Energy Consultant
MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA
Emarat member since 1990
ASME member since 1995
Hawk Energy member 2010
www.linkedin.com/in/khaled-al-awadi-38b995b
Mobile: +971504822502
khdmohd@hawkenergy.net or khdmohd@hotmail.com
Khaled Al Awadi is a UAE National with over 30 years of experience in the Oil & Gas
sector. Currently working as Technical Affairs Specialist for Emirates General
Petroleum Corp. “Emarat “with external voluntary Energy consultation for the GCC
area via Hawk Energy Service, as the UAE operations base. Khaled is the Founder
of NewBase Energy, and an international consultant, advisor, ecopreneur and
journalist with expertise in Gas & Oil pipeline Networks, waste management, waste-
to-energy, renewable energy, environment protection and sustainable development.
His geographical areas of focus include Middle East, Africa and Asia. Khaled has
successfully accomplished a wide range of projects in the areas of Gas & Oil with
extensive works on Gas Pipeline Network Facilities & gas compressor stations.
Executed projects in the designing & constructing of gas pipelines, gas metering &
regulating stations and in the engineering of gas/oil supply routes. Has drafted & finalized many
contracts/agreements in products sale, transportation, operation & maintenance agreements. Along with
many MOUs & JVs for organizations & governments authorities. Currently dealing for biomass energy,
biogas, waste-to-energy, recycling and waste management. He has participated in numerous conferences
and workshops as chairman, session chair, keynote speaker and panelist. Khaled is the Editor-in-Chief of
NewBase Energy News and is a professional environmental writer with more than 1400 popular articles to
his credit. He is proactively engaged in creating mass awareness on renewable energy, waste management
and environmental sustainability in different parts of the world. Khaled has become a reference for many of
the Oil & Gas Conferences and for many Energy program broadcasted internationally, via GCC leading
satellite Channels. Khaled can be reached at any time, see contact details above.
NewBase: For discussion or further details on the news above you may contact us on +971504822502, Dubai, UAE
NewBase 2020 K. Al Awadi
Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed,
or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this
publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 18
Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed,
or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this
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New base energy news 02 august 2020 issue no. 1360 by senior editor khaled alawadi

  • 1. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 1 NewBase Energy News 02 August 2020 - Issue No. 1360 Senior Editor Eng. Khaled Al Awadi 0 NewBase For discussion or further details on the news below you may contact us on +971504822502, Dubai, UAE Safe start-up of Unit 1 of Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant successfully achieved WAM/Hassan Bashir/Tariq alfaham The Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation, ENEC, today announced that its operating and maintenance subsidiary, Nawah Energy Company, Nawah, has successfully started up Unit 1 of the Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant, located in the Al Dhafrah Region of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, UAE. This step is the most historic milestone to date in the delivery of the UAE Peaceful Nuclear Energy Programme, as part of the process towards generating clean electricity for the Nation for at least the next 60 years. Since receipt of the Operating License from the Federal Authority for Nuclear Regulations, FANR, in February 2020, and the completion of fuel assembly loading in March 2020, Nawah, the Joint Venture nuclear operations and maintenance subsidiary of ENEC and the Korea Electric Power Corporation, KEPCO, has been safely progressing through a comprehensive testing programme, prior to successfully completing the start-up of the first nuclear energy reactor of the Barakah plant. www.linkedin.com/in/khaled-al-awadi-38b995b
  • 2. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 2 The start-up of Unit 1 marks the first time that the reactor safely produces heat, which is used to create steam, turning a turbine to generate electricity. Nawah’s qualified and licensed team of nuclear operators focus on safely controlling the process and controlling the power output of the reactor. After several weeks and conducting numerous safety tests, Unit 1 will be ready to connect to the UAE’s electricity grid, delivering the first megawatts of clean electricity to the homes and businesses of the Nation. Testing has been undertaken with the continued oversight of the UAE’s independent nuclear regulator, FANR, and follows the World Association of Nuclear Operator’s, WANO, completion of a Pre Start-up Review , PSUR, in January 2020, prior to receipt of the Operating License, which ensures Unit 1 is aligned with international best practice in the nuclear energy industry. Mohamed Ibrahim Al Hammadi, Chief Executive Officer of ENEC, said: "Today is a truly historic moment for the UAE. It is the culmination of more than a decade of vision, strategic planning and robust program management. Despite the recent global challenges, our team has demonstrated outstanding resilience and commitment to the safe delivery of Unit 1. We are now another step closer to achieving our goal of supplying up to a quarter of our Nation’s electricity needs and powering its future growth with safe, reliable, and emissions-free electricity. "Through the realization of the vision of our Leadership, the Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant has become an engine of growth for the Nation. It will deliver 25 percent of the UAE’s electricity with zero carbon emissions while also supporting economic diversification by creating thousands of high- value jobs through the establishment of a sustainable local nuclear energy industry and supply chain. We are grateful to the Leadership for their continuous support in making this remarkable achievement happen, along with the support of our UAE stakeholders and Korean partners, and congratulate everyone involved in the Programme on this landmark occasion." Once the unit is connected to the grid, the nuclear operators will continue with a process of gradually raising the power levels, known as Power Ascension Testing, PAT. Throughout, the systems of Unit 1 are continuously monitored and tested as the unit proceeds towards full electricity production in line with all regulatory requirements and the highest international standards of safety, quality and security. Once the process is completed over the course of a number of months, the plant will deliver abundant baseload electricity at full capacity to power the growth and prosperity of the UAE for decades to come. Commenting on this key milestone in UAE nuclear energy operations, Eng. Ali Al Hammadi, Chief Executive Officer of Nawah, said: "The start-up of Unit 1 is a significant milestone With 21 Million Tone of CO2 saving per Year
  • 3. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 3 for Nawah Energy Company as we fulfill our mandate to operate and maintain the plant in accordance with the highest international standards of safety and quality. The dedication of our people as well as our close collaboration with our Korean partners and cooperation with numerous international expert organisations has enabled this accomplishment. This reflects our commitment to upholding the highest safety, quality and operational transparency standards throughout the entire commissioning and startup process by leveraging the expertise of the global nuclear industry. "I am especially proud of our talented UAE National engineers and nuclear professionals who contributed to the construction of Unit 1, as well as the UAE National Senior Reactor Operators and Reactor Operators who have been certified to safely operate the plant, alongside our international experts, to ensure the safe and sustainable operations of the unit for decades to come," concluded Eng. Ali Al Hammadi. The UAE is the first country in the Arab World, and the 33rd nation globally, to develop a nuclear energy plant to generate safe, clean, and reliable baseload electricity. The Barakah plant is significantly contributing to the UAE’s efforts to move towards the electrification of its energy sector, and the decarbonisation of electricity production. When fully operational, the plant will produce 5.6 gigawatts of electricity while preventing the release of more than 21 million tons of carbon emissions every year, equivalent to the removal of 3.2 million cars from the Nation’s roads annually. Since the UAE Peaceful Nuclear Energy Programme commenced in 2009, ENEC has worked closely with international nuclear bodies, including the International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA, and WANO, in line with the robust regulatory framework of FANR. To date, more than 255 inspections have been undertaken by FANR to ensure the Barakah plant and its people and processes meet the highest standards of nuclear quality and safety. These national reviews have been supported by more than 40 assessments and peer reviews by the IAEA and WANO. ENEC recently announced the construction completion of Unit 2, with operational readiness preparations now underway by Nawah. Construction of Units 3 and 4 of the Barakah Nuclear Energy Plant is in the final stages, with the overall construction completion of the four units now standing at 94 percent.
  • 4. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 4 Oman Drydock eyes repair order-book of 200 ships per year Oman Observer - Conrad Prabhu Oman Drydock Company (ODC) is targeting a major increase in the throughput of vessels calling at its modern yard at the Port of Duqm for repair and main tenance services. According to a senior official of the state-owned yard – part of the government’s transport and logistics arm Asyad Group – ODC is eyeing a repair order-book of at least 200 ships per annum starting from 2021. This is in addition to an array of steel fabrication, sludge treatment and other specialized services provided by the yard to the maritime, industrial and offshore markets. “Our plan is to reach 200 ships per year, compared to 176 ships handled last year,” said Ahmed al Sheuili (pictured), Marketing Manager. “This year, the target is 200 ships too, but due to the COVID- 19 situation, we may not reach that number. However, from next year onward, we aim to achieve this target annually.” Participating in an online panel discussion hosted by the Special Economic Zone Authority of Duqm (SEZAD) on Tuesday, Al Sheuili said the yard has so far handled over 900 ships since it came into operation in 2011. Its strategic location at the entrance of the Arabian Gulf, makes it attractive for vessels sailing in from either the Suez Canal or the Indian Ocean, he noted. Ahead of the yard’s plan to add new buildings to its portfolio of capabilities, ODC is also gearing up for a sizable expansion of the size of its workforce, said Al Sheuili. “We currently have around 3,500 workers, but our aim is to increase it to 4,000, the majority of whom are blue-collar workers from India, Philippines, and Vietnam with experience in ship repairs. Having proven ourselves to be reliable in the repair and maintenance of ships, now is the time for the yard to move into new buildings.” In recent years, the yard has ramped up its capabilities to offer a range of value-added services to ship-owners bringing their vessels for dry-docking and repairs. Notable is the fabrication and
  • 5. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 5 installation of on-board scrubbers and ballast water systems designed to help ships meet their emission and effluent control requirements. Spacious and well-equipped workshops also support the yard’s ambitions to grow its steel fabrication business catering to both ships and the industrial market. With these capabilities, the yard is able to build platforms, upgrade the topsides of offshore rigs and jack-up rigs, and undertake conversions for FPSOs, and storage units of offshore platforms. Earlier, the yard launched a first of its kind facility for the handling and treatment and sludge and slop – oily water and tanker bottoms that must be safely disposed of at suitably equipped reception centres. This facility not only caters to sludge and slop wastes from visiting ships but also refineries and petrochemical plants operating in the country. Significantly, ODC is working with SEZAD to attract specialist service providers that can complement the yard’s repair and maintenance offerings, said the official. The goal, he said, is to position ODC as a one-stop provider of end-to-end ship and maintenance services, as well as newbuilds.
  • 6. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 6 Morocco: Sound Energy to pursue Moroccan on site mocro- LNG project LNG world - Adnan Bajic The UK-based Sound Energy has issued 129.4 million shares aiming to raise £2.75 million ($3.56 million) as it pushes forward with its Moroccan LNG project. The company noted it is also looking to place a further 82.4 million additional shares for £1.75 million. The net proceeds will be used to strengthen the company’s cash position as it continues to progress its phased development strategy as outlined in its announcement of February 17, 2020. The net proceeds, in addition to total existing cash resources, are sufficient to meet the company’s present working capital requirements through to March 2021 and will enable Sound Energy to continue moving the phase 1 development of the Tendrara Production Concession towards a final investment decision as well as progressing other planned 2020 corporate objectives. To remind, the Morocco-focused upstream gas company has focused on pursuing a micro LNG production plan for the TE-5 Hirst field within the Tendrara production concession. The proposed micro LNG production plan will involve the processing and liquefaction of the gas produced at the field with the resulting LNG being transported to industrial customer sites in Morocco. Settlement for the Placing Shares and Admission is expected to take place on or before August 5, 2020. Morocco assets farm-down talks halted Sound Energy noted it is no longer in discussions with the previously proposed purchaser. However, having announced its phased development strategy, which is currently being advanced, Sound Energy continues to engage with multiple other potential partners who have expressed interest in participating in the company’s strategy by way of a potential farm-in. Normal business development discussions are ongoing in this regard. However, there can be no certainty that any of these discussions will advance and the company’s current key priority is to deliver a final investment decision on its proposed phase 1 development of the Tendrara production concession during 2020 Mini LNG Plants small scale liquefied natural gas solution
  • 7. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 7 OPEC prepares for an age of dwindling demand Reuters + Oman Observer The coronavirus crisis may have triggered the long-anticipated tipping point in oil demand and it is focusing minds in OPEC. The pandemic drove down daily crude consumption by as much as a third earlier this year, at a time when the rise of electric vehicles and a shift to renewable energy sources were already prompting downward revisions in forecasts for long-term oil demand. It has prompted some officials in the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, oil’s most powerful proponent since it was founded 60 years ago, to ask whether this year’s dramatic demand destruction heralds a permanent shift and how best to manage supplies if the age of oil is drawing to a close. “People are waking up to a new reality and trying to work their heads around it all,” an industry source close to OPEC told Reuters, adding the “possibility exists in the minds of all the key players” that consumption might never fully recover. Reuters interviewed seven current and former officials or other sources involved in OPEC, most of whom asked not to be named. They said this year’s crisis that sent oil below $16 a barrel LCOc1 had prompted OPEC and its 13 members to question long-held views on the demand growth outlook. Just 12 years ago, OPEC states were flush with cash when oil peaked above $145 a barrel as demand surged.
  • 8. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 8 Now it faces a dramatic adjustment if consumption starts a permanent decline. The group will need to manage even more closely its cooperation with other producers, such as Russia, to maximize falling revenues and will have to work to ensure relations inside the group are not frayed by any fratricidal dash to defend market share in a shrinking business. “OPEC’s job will be harder in the future because of lower demand and rising non-OPEC production,” said Hasan Qabazard, OPEC’s head of research from 2006 to 2013 whose work now includes advising hedge funds and investment banks on OPEC policy. One official, who works in energy studies in the oil ministry of a major OPEC member, said shocks to oil demand had in the past led to permanent changes in consumer behavior. He said this time was unlikely to be different. “The demand does not return to pre-crisis levels or it takes time for this to happen,” he said. “The main concern is that oil demand will peak in the next few years due to rapid technological advances, especially in car batteries.” In 2019, the world consumed 99.7 million barrels per day (bpd) – and OPEC was forecasting a rise to 101 million bpd in 2020.
  • 9. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 9 But global lockdowns this year that grounded planes and took traffic off the streets, prompted OPEC to slash the 2020 figure to 91 million bpd, with 2021 demand still seen below 2019 levels. Producing nations, energy analysts and oil companies have long tried to work out when the world would reach “peak oil”, the point after which consumption starts permanently falling. But demand has climbed steadily each year, with occasional exceptions amid economic downturns. Nevertheless, OPEC has been scaling back expectations. In 2007, it forecast world demand would hit 118 million bpd in 2030. By last year, its 2030 forecast had dropped to 108.3 million bpd. Its November report is expected to show another downward revision, one OPEC source says. OPEC officials declined to comment on its demand outlook or policy for this article. But officials have said history shows OPEC’s ability to adapt to changes in the market. Consumption forecasts vary outside OPEC. Oil companies have cut long-term crude price outlooks as demand prospects fade – slashing the value of their assets as a result. Global consultancy DNV GL believes demand probably peaked in 2019. Oil’s percentage share of the global energy mix has steadily fallen in recent decades, from about 40% of the energy used in 1994 to 33% in 2019, even as volumes consumed rose with more cars on the roads, rising air travel and petrochemical industry that makes ever more plastics and other products. at may now be changing, as more electric vehicles roll out of factories and airlines struggle to recover from the pandemic. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) does not expect air travel to reach 2019 levels until 2023 – at the earliest.
  • 10. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 10 “Once aviation recovers by end-2023, demand will go back to normal — aside from the competition from other sources of energy,” said a second OPEC official involved in forecasting, highlighting the difficulty of making predictions amid a global trend towards using more renewables and other fuels. It leaves OPEC with a mounting challenge. Most members of the group, which sits on 80% of the world’s proven oil reserves, rely heavily on crude. Oil prices, now hovering above $40, are still well below the level most governments need to balance their budgets, including Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s de facto leader. OPEC, whose output accounts for about a third of world supplies, is no stranger to crises. It has managed supply shocks during Gulf conflicts in the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s and found ways to cope when rival non-OPEC producers turn on the taps, like the U.S. shale oil industry in the past decade. Most recently, when the coronavirus crisis pummelled demand, OPEC with Russia and other allies, a grouping known as OPEC+, agreed record output cuts of 9.7 million bpd, the equivalent of 10% of global supplies. Those deep cuts run to the end of July. Yet, what comes next promises to be a new test of OPEC’s mettle. Instead of dealing with one-off shocks, OPEC must learn to live with long-term decline. “This trend will put stress on the cooperation between OPEC members, as well as between OPEC and Russia, as each strives to maintain its market share,” said Chakib Khelil, Algeria’s oil minister for a decade and twice OPEC’s president. Some short-term challenges may come from within OPEC, as Iran and Venezuela, both hit by U.S. sanctions, seek to boost production or as output recovers in conflict-stricken Libya. Others may come from outside, as the group tries to prevent U.S. shale production from taking market share while OPEC seeks to curtail output in its efforts to support prices. “Many challenges are ahead, and we have to adapt,” said one OPEC delegate, who said the group’s handling of past crises proved it was able to respond. OPEC’s former research head, Qabazard, said the group might have a little more time to adjust before demand peaked. But he said the deadline for OPEC to adapt was approaching. “I don’t think it will go higher than 110 million barrels per day by the 2040s,” he said, adding that fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic had changed consumer habits for good. Reuters
  • 11. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 11 NewBase August 02-2020 Khaled Al Awadi NewBase For discussion or further details on the news below you may contact us on +971504822502 , Dubai , UAE Oil falls on fears of glut as OPEC+ set to boost output Reuters + NewBase Oil prices fell on Monday on oversupply worries as OPEC and its allies are set to wind back output cuts in August and a rise in worldwide COVID-19 cases points to a slower pick-up in demand. Brent crude futures slid 27 cents, or 0.6%, to $43.25 a barrel by 0642 GMT. U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures were down 34 cents, or 0.8%, at $39.93. Brent posted a fourth month of gains in July and U.S. crude posted a third as both rose from depths hit in April, when much of the world was in lockdown due to the coronavirus pandemic. “Investors are worried about oversupply as OPEC+ is due to start reducing production cuts this month and a recovery in oil prices from record lows is likely to encourage U.S. shale producers to ramp up output,” said Hiroyuki Kikukawa, general manager of research at Nissan Securities. Oil output by the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries rose by over 1 million barrels a day in July as Saudi Arabia and other Gulf members ended their voluntary extra supply curbs on top of an OPEC- led deal. Oil price special coverage
  • 12. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 12 Russia’s oil output in July was unchanged from June levels, the nation’s Energy Ministry said on Sunday. OPEC+, a grouping of OPEC and allies including Russia, is set to step up output in August, adding about 1.5 million bpd to global supply. U.S. energy firms kept the number of oil and natural gas rigs unchanged at a record low as the rig count fell for a fifth straight month, although July marked the smallest monthly decline of the five. Oil prices are set for a slow crawl upwards this year as the gradual easing of coronavirus-led restrictions buoys demand, although a second COVID-19 wave could slow the pace of a recovery, a Reuters poll showed on Friday. The Australian state of Victoria declared a “state of emergency” on Sunday, while authorities in the Philippines said they would impose fresh restrictions in Manila this week, reflecting global worries about getting the pandemic under control. “Adding to matters is that the U.S. consumer market is entering the last few weeks of peak driving season and with mobility tracking data flatlining,” Stephen Innes, chief global market strategist at AxiCorp, said in a report. “Unless there is a significant drop in the COVID-19 case count curve that is sufficient enough to reduce consumer fear ... and shift mobility data higher, demand might not get much better from here on in,” Innes said. Russian oil output rises to 9.37 million bpd in July Russian oil and gas condensate production increased to 9.37 million barrels per day (bpd) in July from 9.32 million bpd in June, Interfax news agency reported on Sunday, citing energy ministry data. In tonnes, Russian oil and gas condensate production rose to 39.63 million in July from 38.16 million in June, Interfax reported.
  • 13. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 13 NewBase Special Coverage The Energy world - Special 02- August -2020 World geothermal energy development and technologies IRENA + Eia + NewBAse Geothermal energy is heat derived within the sub-surface of the earth. Water and/or steam carry the geothermal energy to the Earth’s surface. Depending on its characteristics, geothermal energy can be used for heating and cooling purposes or be harnessed to generate clean electricity. However, for electricity, generation high or medium temperature resources are needed, which are usually located close to tectonically active regions. This key renewable source covers a significant share of electricity demand in countries like Iceland, El Salvador, New Zealand, Kenya, and Philippines and more than 90% of heating demand in Iceland. The main advantages are that it is not depending on weather conditions and has very high capacity factors; for these reasons, geothermal power plants are capable of supplying baseload electricity, as well as providing ancillary services for short and long-term flexibility in some cases. There are different geothermal technologies with distinct levels of maturity. Technologies for direct uses like district heating, geothermal heat pumps, greenhouses, and for other applications are widely used and can be considered mature.
  • 14. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 14 The technology for electricity generation from hydrothermal reservoirs with naturally high permeability is also mature and reliable, and has been operating since 1913. Many of the power plants in operation today are dry steam plants or flash plants (single, double and triple) harnessing temperatures of more than 180°C. However, medium temperature fields are more and more used for electricity generation or for combined heat and power thanks to the development of binary cycle technology, in which geothermal fluid is used via heat exchangers to heat a process fluid in a closed loop. Additionally, new technologies are being developed like Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS), which are in the demonstration stage. To promote wider geothermal energy development, IRENA coordinates and facilitates the work of the Global Geothermal Alliance (GGA) – a platform for enhanced dialogue and knowledge sharing for coordinated action to increase the share of installed geothermal electricity and heat generation worldwide. To promote wider geothermal energy development, IRENA coordinates and facilitates the work of the Global Geothermal Alliance (GGA) – a platform for enhanced dialogue and knowledge sharing for coordinated action to increase the share of installed geothermal electricity and heat generation worldwide. U.S. utility-scale geothermal power plants Utility-scale geothermal power plants in the United States use either steam power or a binary cycle to generate electricity. Of the 2,558 megawatts (MW) of geothermal power plant capacity currently operating in the United States, 1,826 MW of capacity is from steam-powered plants and 731 MW of capacity is from binary-cycle powered plants. Unlike steam-powered geothermal power
  • 15. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 15 plants, which use steam directly from a geothermal well to spin a turbine and generate electricity, binary-cycle geothermal power plants use a heat exchanger to take heat from the hot water to heat a secondary fluid that then spins a turbine. A little more than 70% of the geothermal capacity was built before the year 2000, mostly using steam-powered technology. Newer plants, however, are predominately binary. Of the 735 MW of capacity built since the turn of the century, nearly 90% is binary-cycle capacity. All of the geothermal plants in the United States are located in the western part of the country, mostly in California or Nevada. California has 91% of the country’s steam-powered capacity, and 65% of binary-cycle capacity is found in Nevada. Geothermal plants are geographically limited to areas with hydrothermal resources, which are naturally occurring underground reservoirs of steam and hot water. The steam and hot water can
  • 16. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 16 be used for power generation by drilling a well into the reservoir and piping them to the surface. The hot water or steam powers a turbine, which generates electricity. The type of geothermal power plant technology used depends on the characteristics of the reservoir. There are two types of steam-powered geothermal plants, dry steam and flash. A dry steam plant operates in reservoirs that primarily produce steam at the surface of the well. The steam produced from the reservoir turns the turbines’ blades to generate power, and as the steam cools, it is reinjected into the reservoir as water. A flash plant operates in reservoirs that produce a mix of steam and hot water. The steam in the reservoir is separated from the water and is sent to the turbines to generate electricity. The remaining water is flashed, or vaporized, into steam in low pressure tanks and directed to the turbines. Dry steam and flash plants typically have reservoir temperatures of 400°F to 650°F, and they range from 3,000 feet to 10,000 feet deep. Binary cycle plants are used for lower temperature reservoirs (200°F to 330°F). These plants pump hot water from the reservoir through a heat exchanger, where the heat is transferred to a secondary working fluid with a lower boiling point than water. The working fluid vaporizes and passes through the turbine, generating electricity, while the water is returned to the reservoir. Currently, the United States has 93 binary cycle generators, averaging 8 MW of capacity each, and 79 steam generators that average 23 MW each. Dry steam and flash plants, which require rarer high-temperature, shallow reservoirs, have higher power output and are, therefore, more economically efficient than binary plants. However, because binary plants can operate at reservoirs with lower temperatures, they have more options for suitable locations. New technologies are being developed that would allow geothermal plants to operate in areas that are currently not feasible for steam or binary plants. These areas could provide up to 500 gigawatts of additional geothermal capacity. Two of these new technologies, Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) and Closed Loop Geothermal, are in the experimental phase.
  • 17. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 17 NewBase for discussion or further details on the news below you may contact us on +971504822502, Dubai, UAE The Editor:” Khaled Al Awadi” Your partner in Energy Services NewBase energy news is produced Twice a week and sponsored by Hawk Energy Service – Dubai, UAE. For additional free subscriptions, please email us. About: https://secure.terrapinn.com/V5/step1.aspx?E=6180Khaled Malallah Al Awadi, Energy Consultant MS & BS Mechanical Engineering (HON), USA Emarat member since 1990 ASME member since 1995 Hawk Energy member 2010 www.linkedin.com/in/khaled-al-awadi-38b995b Mobile: +971504822502 khdmohd@hawkenergy.net or khdmohd@hotmail.com Khaled Al Awadi is a UAE National with over 30 years of experience in the Oil & Gas sector. Currently working as Technical Affairs Specialist for Emirates General Petroleum Corp. “Emarat “with external voluntary Energy consultation for the GCC area via Hawk Energy Service, as the UAE operations base. Khaled is the Founder of NewBase Energy, and an international consultant, advisor, ecopreneur and journalist with expertise in Gas & Oil pipeline Networks, waste management, waste- to-energy, renewable energy, environment protection and sustainable development. His geographical areas of focus include Middle East, Africa and Asia. Khaled has successfully accomplished a wide range of projects in the areas of Gas & Oil with extensive works on Gas Pipeline Network Facilities & gas compressor stations. Executed projects in the designing & constructing of gas pipelines, gas metering & regulating stations and in the engineering of gas/oil supply routes. Has drafted & finalized many contracts/agreements in products sale, transportation, operation & maintenance agreements. Along with many MOUs & JVs for organizations & governments authorities. Currently dealing for biomass energy, biogas, waste-to-energy, recycling and waste management. He has participated in numerous conferences and workshops as chairman, session chair, keynote speaker and panelist. Khaled is the Editor-in-Chief of NewBase Energy News and is a professional environmental writer with more than 1400 popular articles to his credit. He is proactively engaged in creating mass awareness on renewable energy, waste management and environmental sustainability in different parts of the world. Khaled has become a reference for many of the Oil & Gas Conferences and for many Energy program broadcasted internationally, via GCC leading satellite Channels. Khaled can be reached at any time, see contact details above. NewBase: For discussion or further details on the news above you may contact us on +971504822502, Dubai, UAE NewBase 2020 K. Al Awadi
  • 18. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 18
  • 19. Copyright © 2020 NewBase www.hawkenergy.net Edited by Khaled Al Awadi – Energy Consultant All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, redistributed, or otherwise copied without the written permission of the authors. This includes internal distribution. All reasonable endeavors have been used to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However, no warranty is given to the accuracy of its content. Page 19 For Your Recruitments needs and Top Talents, please seek our approved agents below