This document discusses various internet protocols used for different purposes on a network. It provides definitions of TCP/IP, SMTP, HTTP, FTP, SSH, and DNS, which are commonly used protocols for browsing the web, email, file transfers, and secure connections. It also covers IP addressing fundamentals, including what an IP address is, the dotted decimal and hexadecimal formats, how to find your own IP address, static vs dynamic addressing, network classes, subnet masks, and private vs public IP ranges. Network Address Translation (NAT) is also introduced as a way for multiple devices to share a single public IP address.

1. Internet
Protocols

2. Internet Protocols
● are sets of rules governing communication
within and between computers on a network.
Protocol specifications define the format of the
messages to be exchanged.

3. The following are the commonly used protocols used to
browse the web, send and receive an email, and transfer
data files.
● TCP/IP: The Transmission Control Protocol /Internet Protocol – represents a
set of public standards on how packets of information are exchanged between
computers on a network.
● SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol – is used to send e-mail to a remote e-
mail server.
● HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol – governs how files such as text, graphics,
sound, and video are exchanged on the World Wide Web (WWW).
● FTP: File Transfer Protocol – provides services for file transfer and
manipulation. FTP allows multiple simultaneous connections to remote file
systems.
● SSH: Secure Shell – is used to securely connect to a remote computer.
● DNS - is a hierarchical distributed naming system for computers, services, or any
resource connected to the Internet or a private network.

4. IP
ADDRESSING

5. ● What is an IP Address?
● Why use them?
● Uses.Dotted.Decimal.Format
● How do I find mine?
● Network and Host portions
● What does mask do?

6. IP ADDRESS
● It is a logical addressing system that identifies
networks that are common on devices and
individual host addresses for each of those
devices on the network.

7. There are two primary types of IP address
formats used today:
● An IPv4 address consist of four sets of numbers
from 0 to 255, separated by three dots.
● The IPv6 address format is much different than the
IPv4 format. It contains eight sets of four
hexadecimal digits and uses colons to separate each
block. An example of an IPv6 address is:
2602:0445:0000:0000:a93e:5ca7:81e2:5f9d.

8. How do I find mine?
● Click “Windows + R” > type
cmd > click OK > type in
“ipconfig” and hit enter

9. HOW DOES YOUR
COMPUTER OBTAIN
ITS IP ADDRESS?

10. ● A Static Internet Protocol (IP) or (static IP address)
is a permanent number assigned to a computer by
an Internet service provider (ISP). Commonly used
in web servers and network printers. Speed and
reliability are key advantages.

11. ● A Dynamic Internet Protocol address (dynamic IP
address) is a temporary IP address that is assigned to a
computing device or node when it's connected to a
network. A dynamic IP address is an automatically
configured IP address assigned by a DHCP server to
every new network node.

12. Classes, Mask and
Private & Public IP
Address

13. CLASSES OF IP ADDRESS
Looking at the first number:
Class A: 1-126.x.x.x
Class B: 128-191.x.x.x
Class C: 192-223.x.x.x

14. SUBNET MASKS
● Subnet masks designate which bits of an IP
address represents the network portion and
which bits represent the host portion.

15. PRIVATE IP ADDRESS
Class A: 10.x.x.x
Class B: 172.16-31.x.x.x
Class C: 192.168.x.x.x

16. PUBLIC IP
ADDRESS
● A public IP address is an IP address that can be
accessed over the Internet. Like
postal address used to deliver a postal mail to your
home, a public IP address is the globally unique IP
address assigned to a computing device.

17. PUBLIC IP
ADDRESS
● An Internet Protocol (IP) address that is designated
for use in a public domain, such as the Internet.

18. PRIVATE IP
ADDRESS
● An Internet Protocol (IP) address is an IP address
that is designated for use within a private network.

19. PRIVATE IP
ADDRESS
● An Internet Protocol (IP) address are typically
used by devices within a home or business network
to communicate with each other, and are assigned
by the local network's router or gateway.

20. NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION
(NAT)
● it is a technology used in computer networking that
allows multiple devices on a local network to share a
single public IP address.