Climate change presents both specific and generic challenges for marine biodiversity and fisheries. A portfolio approach is needed to manage these challenges as the issues have multiple drivers and require multifaceted solutions. Information related to climate change impacts must also be addressed synergistically. Quality climate change science is important to inform policy in this confused policy area. Both attribution of impacts and understanding variability, extremes, interactions and feedbacks are major scientific challenges.
The document summarizes a conference on GIS and remote sensing applications in Pacific Island countries that was held in Fiji in 2008. Over 150 people from 13 countries attended the conference, which included nearly 50 presentations over 4 days showing how GIS and remote sensing tools are being applied in the Pacific. The conference demonstrated the commitment of Pacific Island GIS users to these technologies and their applications.
East Timor has made progress since independence but faces many challenges of a post-conflict state, including high poverty, political instability, and limited economic opportunities. It has a low HDI ranking of 150th and relies heavily on agriculture. Recent violence has damaged development. It receives aid from organizations but needs more foreign investment to support industrialization goals and long-term growth. Maintaining stability and developing infrastructure and employment remain key priorities.
This document provides an introduction to Southeast Asia, describing the 11 countries that make up the region - Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, and East Timor. For each country, 1-3 key facts are highlighted, such as their location, history of colonization, dominant religions, and economies. The document concludes with a quiz to test the reader's knowledge of the 11 Southeast Asian countries.
Este trabalho não foi objeto de qualquer correção!
Foi postado tal e qual como foi enviado por o(s) autor(es).
O mérito (se for caso disso) é exclusivo dele(s)!
Civil war broke out in East Timor in 1975 between Fretilin and UDT over fears of a coup, which led to Indonesia invading East Timor in December 1975 under the guise of restoring order but instead engaged in widespread killing and violence. In 1999, after East Timorese voted overwhelmingly for independence in a UN referendum, Indonesian-backed militias rampaged through the country, killing thousands until an international peacekeeping force led by Australia intervened to stabilize the situation and pave the way for East Timor's independence.
Timor-Leste é um país asiático que conquistou sua independência em 2002 após anos de ocupação indonésia. Sua economia depende da agricultura e da exploração de petróleo, enfrentando desafios de pobreza e desenvolvimento. O país tem como línguas oficiais o português e o tétum, uma língua local de influência malaia.
Climate change presents both specific and generic challenges for marine biodiversity and fisheries. A portfolio approach is needed to manage these challenges as the issues have multiple drivers and require multifaceted solutions. Information related to climate change impacts must also be addressed synergistically. Quality climate change science is important to inform policy in this confused policy area. Both attribution of impacts and understanding variability, extremes, interactions and feedbacks are major scientific challenges.
The document summarizes a conference on GIS and remote sensing applications in Pacific Island countries that was held in Fiji in 2008. Over 150 people from 13 countries attended the conference, which included nearly 50 presentations over 4 days showing how GIS and remote sensing tools are being applied in the Pacific. The conference demonstrated the commitment of Pacific Island GIS users to these technologies and their applications.
East Timor has made progress since independence but faces many challenges of a post-conflict state, including high poverty, political instability, and limited economic opportunities. It has a low HDI ranking of 150th and relies heavily on agriculture. Recent violence has damaged development. It receives aid from organizations but needs more foreign investment to support industrialization goals and long-term growth. Maintaining stability and developing infrastructure and employment remain key priorities.
This document provides an introduction to Southeast Asia, describing the 11 countries that make up the region - Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines, and East Timor. For each country, 1-3 key facts are highlighted, such as their location, history of colonization, dominant religions, and economies. The document concludes with a quiz to test the reader's knowledge of the 11 Southeast Asian countries.
Este trabalho não foi objeto de qualquer correção!
Foi postado tal e qual como foi enviado por o(s) autor(es).
O mérito (se for caso disso) é exclusivo dele(s)!
Civil war broke out in East Timor in 1975 between Fretilin and UDT over fears of a coup, which led to Indonesia invading East Timor in December 1975 under the guise of restoring order but instead engaged in widespread killing and violence. In 1999, after East Timorese voted overwhelmingly for independence in a UN referendum, Indonesian-backed militias rampaged through the country, killing thousands until an international peacekeeping force led by Australia intervened to stabilize the situation and pave the way for East Timor's independence.
Timor-Leste é um país asiático que conquistou sua independência em 2002 após anos de ocupação indonésia. Sua economia depende da agricultura e da exploração de petróleo, enfrentando desafios de pobreza e desenvolvimento. O país tem como línguas oficiais o português e o tétum, uma língua local de influência malaia.
The Philippines experienced coral bleaching during the 2016 global bleaching event. Monitoring was conducted in several areas which found bleaching levels ranging from 0.5-90% depending on the location. The Philippines' climate action plan mentions marine ecosystems. Examples of nature-based climate solutions used in the Philippines include mangrove reforestation programs and marine protected area management. Two successful projects described are Green Fins Philippines, which establishes guidelines for sustainable diving, and the MKBA Project, which works to improve the management and representation of marine protected areas.
The document summarizes a report on the Mamanuca Coral Reef Conservation Project conducted in Fiji in 2001. The project aimed to assess the health of local reefs and improve environmental awareness. Surveys found widespread impacts like coral bleaching had degraded the reefs. A habitat map showed that reef habitats covered only 70 km^2 of the 1826 km^2 project area. Most sites were in poor condition with low coral cover. The project recommends expanding marine reserves to 20% of reefs to protect biodiversity and fisheries while reducing threats to reef health.
Marine Spatial Planning Decision Support Tools Development in Canadariseagrant
Canada has committed to integrated ocean management and ecosystem-based management through acts and strategies. Initial integrated ocean management involved broad planning processes but lacked focus on key issues and authorities. New decision support tools are being developed, including pathways of effects models to identify stressors and risks to ecological values from human activities. A risk-based approach will help prioritize management by assessing impacts, establishing conservation limits, and identifying governance needs.
Presentation on managing climate risk through ecosystem-based adaptation – linking urban and rural development planning by David Sheppard (Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), Samoa)
Belize established early fisheries legislation and the first marine reserve in 1987 to manage coastal areas. In 1989, a workshop introduced the concept of integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) and recommended forming a coastal zone management advisory board and planning unit. Major issues in coastal management included increasing population along the coast, expanding agriculture and tourism, and associated impacts. A Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute were established in 1999 through a Coastal Zone Management Act to oversee a coastal zone management plan using an integrated approach.
The document summarizes a session from the Coral Triangle Fishers Forum II on combating IUU fishing through the Coral Triangle Initiative. The CTI is a partnership between 6 countries aimed at safeguarding the Coral Triangle region's marine resources. The CTI goals include establishing MPAs, applying ecosystem approaches to fisheries management, and increasing climate change adaptation. The NOAA-led IUU team presented preliminary results from an MCS assessment identifying IUU fishing issues and capacity gaps. They discussed ongoing and planned IUU-related activities and trainings. Opportunities for further collaboration between the CTFF and CTI-IUU team were highlighted.
This document discusses developing optimal conservation strategies for dynamic landscapes in the Southeast US. It outlines a project to 1) assess climate change impacts on habitats and species, 2) predict how management can affect focal species, 3) determine optimal conservation strategies, locations and timings, and 4) identify monitoring needs. Stakeholder input will help define objectives. Expert opinion, research and models will predict strategy consequences. Working groups will develop decision tools to compare strategies and make recommendations.
Impacts of IUU fishing in the Asia-Pacific regionfishersforum
The document summarizes a study on initiatives to address illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing globally and in the Asia-Pacific region. The study involved questionnaires to 21 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation member countries and 48 other countries bordering the Pacific Ocean. It found that IUU fishing is a major problem in the region, possibly accounting for up to 16% of total catch worth $5 billion annually. Drivers of IUU fishing included ineffective management, excess fishing capacity, disputed boundaries, and lack of alternative livelihoods. Responses by countries have included regional plans of action, increased monitoring and enforcement, and alternative employment programs.
ASoG Mining Policy Brief
Ateneo School of Government
The Graduate School of Leadership and Public Service
Policy Brief
Is there a Future for Mining in the Philippines?
pp.1-10
The document discusses the roles of universities in education for sustainable development (EfSD). It notes that natural disasters are increasing in frequency and impact due to factors like climate change, threatening our common future. Universities have an important role to play through research, education, and capacity building to help address global challenges and build more resilient societies. The United Nations University aims to contribute solutions to pressing global problems through its work. Education is seen as key to raising awareness and building alliances for sustainable development. The Decade of Education for Sustainable Development aims to create a global learning space for EfSD through regional centers of expertise.
Global Wariming Impact on Fiji Food Security and PovertyZ3P
This document provides an overview of the agricultural situation and food security challenges in Fiji. It discusses how Fiji is highly dependent on food imports due to its isolation and rising costs. Climate change is expected to negatively impact agriculture through increased droughts, flooding, and storms. Adaptation is needed to build resilience against these climate impacts and ensure food security.
Good Practices with Regional Management Bodies: Case of the Indian Ocean Tuna...Iwl Pcu
The objective of the IOTC is to promote cooperation among its Members to ensure, through appropriate management, the conservation and optimum utilization of stocks covered by the Agreement and to encourage sustainable development of related fisheries
Valuation of Marine Ecosystem Goods & Services in the Caribbean: A review and...Iwl Pcu
7th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference in Barbados Presentation on Valuation of Marine Ecosystem Goods & Services in the Caribbean by Patrick Debels and Laverne Walker
This document discusses the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem program and ecosystem approach to fisheries management. It notes that the Bay of Bengal supports over 1.5 billion people across 8 countries with high dependency on fishing. An ecosystem approach is proposed to balance ecological and human well-being through integrated governance. Key needs identified include addressing overexploitation of resources, habitats, and land-based pollution. Management requires defining areas of responsibility, objectives, and indicators. Challenges include filling data gaps and stakeholder participation in decision making and monitoring.
This document discusses the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem project and ecosystem approach to fisheries management. It notes that the Bay of Bengal supports over 1.5 billion people across 8 countries with high poverty and fishing dependency. The project aims to address overexploitation of resources, critical habitats, and land-based pollution using an ecosystem approach. This involves balancing ecological and human well-being through objectives, indicators, and adaptive management. It identifies needs for policy data, management plans, and participatory decision-making to fill information gaps and evaluate progress towards sustainable development.
The document outlines the Eyre Peninsula NRM Board's climate change research strategy and priorities. The objectives are to understand climate change through research and modeling, adapt to living with climate change through resilient farming systems, mitigate climate impacts by reducing emissions, and facilitate communication through knowledge sharing. Key research priorities include downscaling climate models, understanding impacts on water resources, developing adaptive land management, and opportunities to sequester carbon and reduce emissions.
Evaluating a marine protected area in a developing country; Mafia Island Mari...Marcus C
This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Mafia Island Marine Park in Tanzania at protecting fish populations compared to adjacent intensively fished areas. The densities, biomass, and sizes of the ecologically and economically important blackspot snapper fish were compared between the marine park and fished areas using underwater visual censuses and catch data. Results showed the target species was over four times more dense and its biomass was six to ten times higher inside the marine park. Individual fish sizes were also on average 37% larger in the park. Higher fish numbers and biomass correlated with greater hard coral cover and habitat complexity. This supports the role of marine protected areas in conserving habitats and fisheries.
Science Forum Day 4 - Marie Badjeck - Adaptation research in fisheriesWorldFish
The document summarizes research on the potential impacts of climate change on fisheries production and adaptation strategies. It describes scenarios developed through expert elicitation in Senegal, Ghana, and Peru to understand possible futures for fisheries. The scenarios identified diversification, aquaculture development, and regional integration as important adaptation strategies. Modeling results projected a 3.4% increase in potential global fisheries production by 2050 under climate change, with some regional variations. Capacity building in scenario planning was recommended to aid fisheries management under uncertainty.
The document discusses integrated management planning for peatlands in Southeast Asia. Peatlands cover 25 million hectares in the region and provide important ecosystem services like carbon storage, water regulation, and community livelihoods. However, over the past few decades peatlands have been degraded through activities like agriculture, logging and fires. The document calls for integrated management that coordinates across sectors and stakeholders to conserve remaining forests, rehabilitate degraded lands, improve plantation management, and benefit local communities. It provides background on peatland ecology, drivers of degradation, and the need for regional cooperation on a long-term, holistic approach to peatland management.
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
The Philippines experienced coral bleaching during the 2016 global bleaching event. Monitoring was conducted in several areas which found bleaching levels ranging from 0.5-90% depending on the location. The Philippines' climate action plan mentions marine ecosystems. Examples of nature-based climate solutions used in the Philippines include mangrove reforestation programs and marine protected area management. Two successful projects described are Green Fins Philippines, which establishes guidelines for sustainable diving, and the MKBA Project, which works to improve the management and representation of marine protected areas.
The document summarizes a report on the Mamanuca Coral Reef Conservation Project conducted in Fiji in 2001. The project aimed to assess the health of local reefs and improve environmental awareness. Surveys found widespread impacts like coral bleaching had degraded the reefs. A habitat map showed that reef habitats covered only 70 km^2 of the 1826 km^2 project area. Most sites were in poor condition with low coral cover. The project recommends expanding marine reserves to 20% of reefs to protect biodiversity and fisheries while reducing threats to reef health.
Marine Spatial Planning Decision Support Tools Development in Canadariseagrant
Canada has committed to integrated ocean management and ecosystem-based management through acts and strategies. Initial integrated ocean management involved broad planning processes but lacked focus on key issues and authorities. New decision support tools are being developed, including pathways of effects models to identify stressors and risks to ecological values from human activities. A risk-based approach will help prioritize management by assessing impacts, establishing conservation limits, and identifying governance needs.
Presentation on managing climate risk through ecosystem-based adaptation – linking urban and rural development planning by David Sheppard (Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), Samoa)
Belize established early fisheries legislation and the first marine reserve in 1987 to manage coastal areas. In 1989, a workshop introduced the concept of integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) and recommended forming a coastal zone management advisory board and planning unit. Major issues in coastal management included increasing population along the coast, expanding agriculture and tourism, and associated impacts. A Coastal Zone Management Authority and Institute were established in 1999 through a Coastal Zone Management Act to oversee a coastal zone management plan using an integrated approach.
The document summarizes a session from the Coral Triangle Fishers Forum II on combating IUU fishing through the Coral Triangle Initiative. The CTI is a partnership between 6 countries aimed at safeguarding the Coral Triangle region's marine resources. The CTI goals include establishing MPAs, applying ecosystem approaches to fisheries management, and increasing climate change adaptation. The NOAA-led IUU team presented preliminary results from an MCS assessment identifying IUU fishing issues and capacity gaps. They discussed ongoing and planned IUU-related activities and trainings. Opportunities for further collaboration between the CTFF and CTI-IUU team were highlighted.
This document discusses developing optimal conservation strategies for dynamic landscapes in the Southeast US. It outlines a project to 1) assess climate change impacts on habitats and species, 2) predict how management can affect focal species, 3) determine optimal conservation strategies, locations and timings, and 4) identify monitoring needs. Stakeholder input will help define objectives. Expert opinion, research and models will predict strategy consequences. Working groups will develop decision tools to compare strategies and make recommendations.
Impacts of IUU fishing in the Asia-Pacific regionfishersforum
The document summarizes a study on initiatives to address illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing globally and in the Asia-Pacific region. The study involved questionnaires to 21 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation member countries and 48 other countries bordering the Pacific Ocean. It found that IUU fishing is a major problem in the region, possibly accounting for up to 16% of total catch worth $5 billion annually. Drivers of IUU fishing included ineffective management, excess fishing capacity, disputed boundaries, and lack of alternative livelihoods. Responses by countries have included regional plans of action, increased monitoring and enforcement, and alternative employment programs.
ASoG Mining Policy Brief
Ateneo School of Government
The Graduate School of Leadership and Public Service
Policy Brief
Is there a Future for Mining in the Philippines?
pp.1-10
The document discusses the roles of universities in education for sustainable development (EfSD). It notes that natural disasters are increasing in frequency and impact due to factors like climate change, threatening our common future. Universities have an important role to play through research, education, and capacity building to help address global challenges and build more resilient societies. The United Nations University aims to contribute solutions to pressing global problems through its work. Education is seen as key to raising awareness and building alliances for sustainable development. The Decade of Education for Sustainable Development aims to create a global learning space for EfSD through regional centers of expertise.
Global Wariming Impact on Fiji Food Security and PovertyZ3P
This document provides an overview of the agricultural situation and food security challenges in Fiji. It discusses how Fiji is highly dependent on food imports due to its isolation and rising costs. Climate change is expected to negatively impact agriculture through increased droughts, flooding, and storms. Adaptation is needed to build resilience against these climate impacts and ensure food security.
Good Practices with Regional Management Bodies: Case of the Indian Ocean Tuna...Iwl Pcu
The objective of the IOTC is to promote cooperation among its Members to ensure, through appropriate management, the conservation and optimum utilization of stocks covered by the Agreement and to encourage sustainable development of related fisheries
Valuation of Marine Ecosystem Goods & Services in the Caribbean: A review and...Iwl Pcu
7th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference in Barbados Presentation on Valuation of Marine Ecosystem Goods & Services in the Caribbean by Patrick Debels and Laverne Walker
This document discusses the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem program and ecosystem approach to fisheries management. It notes that the Bay of Bengal supports over 1.5 billion people across 8 countries with high dependency on fishing. An ecosystem approach is proposed to balance ecological and human well-being through integrated governance. Key needs identified include addressing overexploitation of resources, habitats, and land-based pollution. Management requires defining areas of responsibility, objectives, and indicators. Challenges include filling data gaps and stakeholder participation in decision making and monitoring.
This document discusses the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem project and ecosystem approach to fisheries management. It notes that the Bay of Bengal supports over 1.5 billion people across 8 countries with high poverty and fishing dependency. The project aims to address overexploitation of resources, critical habitats, and land-based pollution using an ecosystem approach. This involves balancing ecological and human well-being through objectives, indicators, and adaptive management. It identifies needs for policy data, management plans, and participatory decision-making to fill information gaps and evaluate progress towards sustainable development.
The document outlines the Eyre Peninsula NRM Board's climate change research strategy and priorities. The objectives are to understand climate change through research and modeling, adapt to living with climate change through resilient farming systems, mitigate climate impacts by reducing emissions, and facilitate communication through knowledge sharing. Key research priorities include downscaling climate models, understanding impacts on water resources, developing adaptive land management, and opportunities to sequester carbon and reduce emissions.
Evaluating a marine protected area in a developing country; Mafia Island Mari...Marcus C
This study evaluated the effectiveness of the Mafia Island Marine Park in Tanzania at protecting fish populations compared to adjacent intensively fished areas. The densities, biomass, and sizes of the ecologically and economically important blackspot snapper fish were compared between the marine park and fished areas using underwater visual censuses and catch data. Results showed the target species was over four times more dense and its biomass was six to ten times higher inside the marine park. Individual fish sizes were also on average 37% larger in the park. Higher fish numbers and biomass correlated with greater hard coral cover and habitat complexity. This supports the role of marine protected areas in conserving habitats and fisheries.
Science Forum Day 4 - Marie Badjeck - Adaptation research in fisheriesWorldFish
The document summarizes research on the potential impacts of climate change on fisheries production and adaptation strategies. It describes scenarios developed through expert elicitation in Senegal, Ghana, and Peru to understand possible futures for fisheries. The scenarios identified diversification, aquaculture development, and regional integration as important adaptation strategies. Modeling results projected a 3.4% increase in potential global fisheries production by 2050 under climate change, with some regional variations. Capacity building in scenario planning was recommended to aid fisheries management under uncertainty.
The document discusses integrated management planning for peatlands in Southeast Asia. Peatlands cover 25 million hectares in the region and provide important ecosystem services like carbon storage, water regulation, and community livelihoods. However, over the past few decades peatlands have been degraded through activities like agriculture, logging and fires. The document calls for integrated management that coordinates across sectors and stakeholders to conserve remaining forests, rehabilitate degraded lands, improve plantation management, and benefit local communities. It provides background on peatland ecology, drivers of degradation, and the need for regional cooperation on a long-term, holistic approach to peatland management.
Similar to Navigating Multilateral Governance in the Coral Triangle (20)
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Navigating Multilateral Governance in the Coral Triangle
1. Navigating Multilateral
Governance
in the Coral Triangle
Pedro Fidelman1, Julia Ekstrom2, Dominque Thiriet3
& Yoland Bosiger4
1 ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University
2 University of California, Berkeley
3 School of Law, James Cook University
4 School of Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University
Paper presented at the Resilience 2011 Conference, 15 March 2011, Tempe, USA.
2. Outline
1. Introduction
Coral Triangle Initiative
Research problem
2. Navigating Multilateral Governance
Methods
Preliminary findings
3. Next steps
3. Global Coral Reef Crisis
Coral Triangle
World Resources Institute
Reefs at Risk Revised (2011)
75% of coral reefs in danger from overfishing,
pollution and climate change.
4. Coral Triangle Initiative: to address threats
to the marine, coastal, and small island
ecosystems within the Coral Triangle
region... (May 15, 2009)
5. Goals of CTI
Regional Plan
1. Priority Seascapes designated and
effectively managed
2. Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries
Management (EAFM) and other marine
resources fully applied
3. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs)
established and effectively managed
4. Climate Change Adaptation measures
achieved
5. Threatened Species status improving
6. Recognition of other agreements
Leaders’ Declaration: “6. To emphasise that cooperation of the
CTI-CFF [Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and
Food Security] shall… [take] into consideration the relevant
multilateral, regional and bilateral environmental agreements;”
(2009: 2)
CTI Regional Plan of Action: “Principle #5: CTI should be aligned
with international and regional commitments. Goals and
activities should be supportive of international and regional
commitments already made under relevant legal instruments
and multilateral processes…” (2009: 8)
7. Research Problem
Governance is complex & dispersed across
many agreements
1. What is the extant governance for the CTI
region?
2. Which multilateral arrangements relate to
the priorities of the CTI, and to what extent?
8. Method: Multidimensional exploration
Methodology developed in
Ekstrom et al. 2009:
Text analysis using
MINOE 1.1 (Ekstrom et
al., 2010)
Network diagrams
NetDraw 2.091
(Borgatti, 2006) (Downloadable program at:
http://minoe.stanford.edu)
9. Dataset
• What: International and
multilateral
arrangements
(conventions, treaties,
agreements , plans etc)
• Issue scope: management of marine resources, CTI goals
• Source: ECOLEX database on environmental law
(FAO/IUCN/UNEP)
• Size: ~200 documents (190 analysed), ~70-80 regimes
11. Text analysis
Concept of interest Terms used to represent concept
1 - Priority Seascapes seascape* ecoregion* "ecosystem
region“ "regional sea"
2 - Ecosystem Approach "ecosystem approach" "ecosystem
management” “ecosystem-based
approach”
3 - Marine Protected "marine reserve“ "marine park“
Areas (MPAs) "marine sanctuary“ "protected area"
4 - Climate change "climate change adaptation"
adaptation "adaption to climate change“
"adaptation strategy”
5 - Threatened Species "threatened species“ "endangered
Status species" overfish* overexploit*
"depleted stock”
12. Topics covered in documents
%of documents per topic
69%
n=190
23%
15% 14%
9% 9% 7%
13. Multilateral Arrangements
Malaysia Philippines Solomon Islands
CTI Regional Plan
Indonesia Timor Leste PNG
Non- binding: 49% Scope Regional: 72%
Status
Binding: 51% Global: 28%
14. Multilateral Arrangements
Malaysia Philippines Solomon Islands
Indonesia Timor Leste PNG
Non- binding: 49% Scope Regional: 72%
Status
Binding: 51% Global: 28%
15. Fisheries
Resolutions of
the Indian
Ocean Tuna
Malaysia Philippines Solomon Islands
Commission
UN
Indonesia Timor Leste PNG Agreement on
straddling and
highly
migratory fish
stocks
Hits No. docs % of docs FAO Code of Conduct
5,856 131 69% for Responsible
Fisheries
16. Food Security UN Agenda 21
Malaysia Philippines Solomon Islands
3rd ACP-EEC
Convention
Indonesia Timor Leste PNG
Hits No. docs % of docs
Non- binding Regional
161 29 15%
Binding Global
17. Ecosystem Approach
Resolutions of Malaysia Philippines Solomon Islands
the Indian
Ocean Tuna
Commission
SPREP
Indonesia Timor Leste PNG Strategic
Programme
Hits No. docs % of docs
RAMSAR Strategic Non- binding
55 18 9%
Plan Binding
18. Climate Change Adaptation Convention on
Migratory
Species
Malaysia Philippines Solomon Islands
Indonesia Timor Leste PNG
Pacific Islands
Framework for
Action on
Hits No. docs % of docs
Regional Climate Change
102 17 9%
Global
19. Preliminary observations
Fisheries vs. other concepts
All mostly regional
Fisheries: 55% binding
Other: non-binding
Potential for “treaty
congestion”
Highly complex governance
landscape, but more so with
the non-state actors (e.g.
BINGOs)
20. Next Steps
Coordination opportunities
Which agreements does the CTI Plan refer to?
Regime profiles of a selection of agreements that refer to
one or more CTI goals
How do objectives overlap functionally and spatially?
Lessons learned
How is/will CTI differ from other agreements? (e.g. SDS-
SEA)
What can we learn from past?
Review regime effectiveness studies on target
agreements
21. Conclusion
Demonstrated the complexity of governance
(just the environmental multilateral
agreements!)
Useful for sketching out/grasping the system
as a whole
Critical to recognize these existing efforts
Use these as coordination opportunities
Apply lessons learned from the past (+ and -)
22. Acknowledgement
Contact information
Pedro Fidelman: pedro.fidelman@gmail.com
Julia Ekstrom: jekstrom@berkeley.edu
Editor's Notes
From this view, Coral Triangle appears to suffer from “Treaty Congestion” that can take a toll on the (already) limited capacity of the CT6 countries to participate in negotiations, meeting of parties and associated activities and enforcement.The complexity of the governance landscape in the Coral Triangle is compound by the participation of non-state actors (e.g., the Big International NGOs).
The CTI should foster building interplay by identifying and collaborating with the existing related agreements, otherwise it risk being just another dot/node in the diagram.