Music tribes

Punk A form of hard-driving rock ‘n’ roll , originating in the 1970s, characterized by harsh lyrics attacking conventional society and popular culture; often expressing anger. “Punk” evolved in the USA and later in London in the mid-1970’s. By the 1980’s this style of music had evolved into a more aggressive style of soft rock. Moreover the costume theme consists of funky t-shirts, stripy shirts and skinny jeans And the stereotype of punks would be people with spiky hair, very colourful sense of dress and maybe having some piercings and a definite need for dark and heavy makeup in this sub-culture. Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed between 1974 and 1976 in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in garage rock and other forms of what is now known as protopunk music, punk rock bands eschewed the perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock. They created fast, hard-edged music, typically with short songs, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY (do it yourself) ethic, with many bands self-producing their recordings and distributing them through informal channels. Punk rock got its name from the slang word punk meaning rotten and worthless. It was originally used to describe simple guitar based rock of bands like The Seeds, and later on Detroit bands like The Stooges and MC5. The anti-establishment ethic of punk hit a fevered pitch in 1976 through 1980, started partially as a backlash to the hippie movement of the late 60's. Many of these bands also intended to shock mainstream society, rejecting the "peace and love" image of the prior musical rebellion of the 1960s which had degenerated, punks thought, into mellow disco culture. The fashion of the time included mohawks, body piercing with safety pins and conversion of unusual items into clothing and was very shocking to outsiders at the time. Punk rock embodied the ideals that anyone could start a punk rock band. Punk was stripped-down, three-chord music that could be played fairly easily. Links- www.silver-dragon-records.com/punk_rock.htm & http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk_rock

Rock Links- Rock Magazine - http://www.kerrang.com Rock music, sometimes also known as "rock and roll" is a style of music that became popular in the 1950s in America and Europe. Rock music is primarily based on older musical styles, such as the rhythm and blues music originated by African American performers such as Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley , with a heavy focus on guitar, drums, and powerful vocals. Rock music is a form of popular music characterized by a strong back beat, vocals, and often heavy guitar sounds. Rock is seen as one of the widest genres of music and is constantly growing and changing to meet the expanding sub-genres invented by its musicians. Rock music is an amalgamation of previous styles modernized by the bands who play it. In terms of album sales, rock is the most popular form of music since the advent of sound recording. Rock music includes elements of several black and white American music styles: black guitar-accompanied blues; black rhythm and blues, noted for saxophone solos; black and white gospel music; white country and western music; and the songs of white popular crooners and harmony groups. Emerging in the early fifties, rock music was initially referred to as “rock 'n' roll.” After 1964 it was simply called “rock music.” The change in terminology indicates both a continuity with and a break from the earlier period; rock music was no longer just for dancing.

Heavy Metal Heavy metal is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. With roots in blues-rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified twist, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are generally associated with manliness. Heavy metal genres have developed since the emergence of heavy metal during the late 1960s and early 1970s. At times heavy metal genres may overlap or are difficult to distinguish, but they can be identified by a number of traits. They may differ in terms of: instrumentation, tempo, song structure, vocal style, lyrics, guitar playing style, drumming style, and so on. Links - http://www.metalmusicarchives.com/traditional-heavy-metal(subgenre).aspx Black metal is a type of heavy metal known for its high-speed tempos, dissonant song structures, abrasive high-pitched melodies and violent anti-religious subject matter. It is most commonly associated with Norwegian Satanism and anti-Christian pagan movements because of the historical ties between black metal musicians and violent crimes.

Rockers This sub-culture is very similar to the Punk culture, it contains elements of rock, similar sense of dress and attitudes. However, the rockers style of music is much more hard-core and serious; in terms of the guitar play, drum beats and aggressive lyrics. The old stereotype of rockers would be to possess a motorbike which they would stick various stickers that symbolised the rock and heavy metal genres. For example, sticking dark lightning bolts, skulls and bones. Now in the 21st century the culture still remains and has now evolved into a prominent culture that consists of a similar stereotype. Having dark and eccentric styles of fashion (e.g. Black jackets and boots, black and red makeup, many piercings and also tattoos. An example of a famous rock act would be Metallica and Black Sabbath. A biker subculture that started in the United Kingdom during the 1950-1960s. Rockers bought standard factory-made motorcycles and tuned them up by modifying them to appear like racing bikes. Their bikes were not used as transport, but were used as an intention to intimidate people by masculinity projecting them uneasily close to death using the element of skull and cross bone type of symbolism. The rocker style and fashion established in the United States and then England. studs, patches, and pin badges. Media influenced the rocker hairstyle, of being a tame or exaggerated hairstyle; this was popular with some 1950s rock and roll musicians. In similarities with mods, rockers also transformed their type of dance into a more violent form beyond the control of dance hall management. The Beatles were a band mostly listened to by rockers, setting a big influence of the lifestyles they live, and the similar type of music they may have listened to (preferably rock, hard-core, even jazz music). Links- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocker_(subculture)

Mods- Modernists Modernists is a subculture that originated from London in the late 1950’s and peaked in the 1960’s Prominent elements and themes in the mod culture include: fashion, pop music, African American soul music, British beat music and R&B. From the mid to late 1960’s, the mass media often used the term ‘mod’ in a wider sense to describe anything that was believed to be fashionable, modern and popular. There was a revival of the mod culture in the 1970’s which was followed by a mod revival in North America in the early 1980’s. As mod teens and young adults began using their disposable income to buy stylish clothes, because of the popularity and influence of the culture fashion designers who also followed the mod culture emerged. Links- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod_(subculture) & http://wapedia.mobi/en/Mod_(subculture) Mod (from modernist ) is a subculture that originated in London, England in the late 1950s and peaked in the early to mid 1960s. Significant elements of the mod subculture include: fashion (often tailor-made suits); pop music, including African American soul and British beat music and R&B; and Italian motor scooters. The original mod scene was also associated with amphetamine-fuelled all-night dancing at clubs. From the mid to late 1960s onwards, the mass media often used the term mod in a wider sense to describe anything that was believed to be popular, fashionable or modern

Hip Hop Hip hop music originated in the 1970’s, block parties in New York City. Block parties usually where a neighbourhood community would get together in a house and entertain themselves with dancing and singing. The culture of hip hop consists of rapping, beat boxing, scratching, graffiti and break dancing, to feel the rhythm of the music created and to carry on promoting it so forth. The large parties, originally outdoors, were thrown by owners of expressing and expensive stereo equipment, which they would share within their community to compete amongst themselves, sharing lyrics and dance moves to each other. M.C.'s began speaking over beats that were created as an artist. 'Rappers Delight' by the Sugar Hill Gang is the first song that was recorded & released by a rap crew, and therefore is considered the first true hip hop release Hip Hop is a Music Culture that started in the 1970’s and is commonly based on the concepts of rapping, ‘free styling’, mixing, beat boxing and scratching. In this sub-culture, people use this type of music to express politics concerns of personal issues, politics and society. The location in which hip-hop first started was in Bronx, New York City in the 1970’s. In gained influences from African Americans with some Jamaican influence. Rap is the style of music in which there is hardly ever any sort of edited vocals (hip hop uses some vocal editing and enhancing techniques and software) and is just simply free styling/rapping (rhyming words and sentences to create a piece of music) and beat boxing. Links- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hip_hop_music

Rnb A three letter abbreviation of the words “Rhythm and Blues” Modern RnB is very stereotypical and contains the usual elements of drinking champagne, living the ‘good life’, being wealthy and being very fashionable. The whole idea of this genre is fashion, glamour, good looks, being sexy and living the dream life. In this specific genre there is the idea of men being ‘Pimps’; men who wear casual suits, heavy chains, designer wear and earrings. Also, their goal is to appeal to women and to gain the attention of women; this is mainly the storyline to many RnB music videos This genre originated from African America music the 1940’s and has slowly, over time changed into the modernised African and soul genre. Examples of successful Rnb acts would be: Ne-yo, Usher, Mariah Carey and Boys to Men. Examples of “RnB” music Jay sean – Anytime Chris brown – so cold Ne-yo -better today Flo Rida Ft Detail-Shakin My Head Links- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNB & http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/R%26B+subgenre+timeline Any of several closely related musical styles developed by African American artists. The various styles were based on a mingling of European influences with jazz rhythms and tonal inflections, particularly syncopation and the flatted blues chords. They grew out of the blues of the rural South, which blended work chants with songs of deep emotion, and were greatly influenced by gospel music. Three major forms were distinguishable. The earliest, called race, was the style of the “jump” band, which emphasized strong rhythm, solo work (especially by saxophones), and vocals in a shout-blues manner. A second form, often called Chicago blues, was exemplified by performers such as “Muddy Waters” and was typically played by a small group with amplified instruments. The third major form was primarily vocal, featuring close, gospel-influenced harmonies often backed by an orchestra. In the mid-1950s the term rhythm and blues was adopted by the music industry for music intended for the African American audience; with the gradual disappearance of racial barriers, the Chicago blues style began to seem less a vital form than a folk tradition, while the gospel style was transformed into the soul music of vast appeal. Rhythm and blues was the chief antecedent of rock music.

Jerks Jerks is a fairly recent type of sub-culture that originated in the USA. Commonly known in California where there has been an increase in the amount of people associating themselves with the jerk culture. Jerk artists produce music that contains elements of hip-hop and rap, however it contains modernised fashion theme and a new type of lifestyle. In terms of fashion, they wear skinny jeans, dunks, designer shades and glasses; they may be stereotyped as being ‘nerds’. A example of a jerk group would be ‘The Bangz’. Examples of Jerk type music The Bangz - Boys With Tattoos (We Jerkin') New Boyz - You're a Jerk The Bangz- Found My Swag Links - http://rateyourmusic.com/genre/Jerk+Rap Beats are sparse and tempo'd for jerkin' (the dance) and most songs involve raps about their skinny jeans and other fresh, colourful clothes; jerkin'/being a jerk. The scene and genre rose from a rejection of the typical black fashion style and attitude by mostly high school kids. Instead of dressing and acting like a gangster, the teenagers put on skinny jeans and the modern interpretations of '80s clothes. Dance crews are commonplace in the jerk scene (Them P Rangers, UCLA Jerk Kings, Flashy Inc), and the music and attitude is all about staying positive, a return to the original attitude of Hip Hop . Jerk rap is also a direct descendant of Hyphy , although jerks make it clear they don't get hyphy, rejecting that as well. Notable artists of the jerk scene are New Boyz , Audio Push , and The Ranger$ .

Indie Indie rock is a genre of rock music, and a means of producing that music, that originated in the United Kingdom and the United States in the 1980s. It is rooted in earlier genres such as alternative rock, post-punk, and new wave. The meaning of the term "Indie rock" is contested today by many musicians, fans and commentators. Some use the term "Indie" to describe any music produced by artists working within the network of independent record labels and underground music venues that emerged in the United States and elsewhere in 1980's and 1990's. Others understand Indie rock as a distinct genre of rock music with a specific artistic aesthetic, and care less about the context in which it is made. Many embrace both meanings of the word, believing that the aesthetics of the genre and its means of production are deeply knotted Links- http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=77:2687 & Indie Magazine - http://www.indiego.at/content.php?nCat=1 Indie rock takes its name from "independent," which describes both the do-it-yourself attitudes of its bands and the small, lower-budget nature of the labels that release the music. The biggest Indie labels might strike distribution deals with major corporate labels, but their decision-making processes remain autonomous. As such, Indie rock is free to explore sounds, emotions, and lyrical subjects that don't appeal to large, mainstream audiences — profit isn't as much of a concern as personal taste It's very much rooted in the sound and sensibility of American underground and alternative rock of the '80s, albeit with a few differences that account for the changes in underground rock since then.

Emo’s Emo is a style of rock music typically characterized by melodic musicianship and expressive, often confessional lyrics. It originated in the mid-1980s hardcore punk movement of Washington, D.C., where it was known as "emotional hardcore" or "emocore" and pioneered by bands such as Rites of Spring and Embrace. As the style was echoed by contemporary American punk rock bands, its sound and meaning shifted and changed, blending with pop punk and Indie rock and encapsulated in the early 1990s by groups such as Jawbreaker and Sunny Day Real Estate. By the mid 1990s numerous Emo acts emerged from the Midwestern and Central United States, and several independent record labels began to specialize in the style. Emo is a genre of rock music. At first, the term was used to describe a subgenre of hardcore punk in the '80s. Later, ' emocore ' was used to describe the DC scene and regional scenes related Links - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo & http://www.luvemo.com/emomusic.html Rites of Spring was an American post-hardcore band from Washington, D.C. in the mid-1980s, known for their energetic live performances. A part of the D.C. hardcore punk scene, Rites of Spring increased the frenetic violence and visceral passion of hardcore while simultaneously experimenting with its compositional rules. Lyrically, they also shifted hardcore into intensely personal realms and, in doing so, are generally considered the first Emo band.

Goth’s The Goth subculture is a contemporary subculture found in many countries. It began in England during the early 1980s in the gothic rock scene, an offshoot of the Post-punk genre. The Goth subculture has survived much longer than others of the same era, and has continued to diversify. Its imagery and cultural proclivities indicate influences from the 19th century Gothic literature along with horror films Gothic Bands must include… Musical sound must fit into one of the gothic music types -- their music creates a certain eerie or surreal sort of mood. The lyrics must fit into the gloomy Gothic Genre. The band members' appearance is Gothic -- they might wear a lot of black. Links - http://www.gothicsubculture.com/music.php & http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goth_subculture Gothic metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music. Gothic metal combines the aggression of heavy metal with the dark depression of gothic rock. The genre originated during the early 1990s in Europe as an outgrowth of death/doom, a fusion of death metal and doom metal. The music of gothic metal is diverse with bands known to adopt the gothic approach to different styles of heavy metal music. Lyrics are generally exaggerated and sad with inspiration from gothic fiction as well as personal experiences.

Classical Classical music is the art music produced in, or rooted in, the traditions of Western world and earthly music, about a broad period from roughly the 9th century to present times. The central rules of this tradition became organised between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common practice period. Classical music , is strictly defined, meaning the music produced in the western world between 1750 and 1820. This music included opera, chamber music, choral pieces, and music requiring a full orchestra. Classical music in its limited definition includes the works of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven. Mozart wrote symphonies, music for quartets and quintets, chamber orchestra pieces, choral pieces, piano concertos, and entire operas. In total, he wrote over 600 musical pieces Links - http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-classical-music.htm Periods of Classical Music Before 1400 – Medieval – characterized by Gregorian chant, mostly religious. 1400-1600 – Renaissance – increase of secular music, madrigals, and art song. 1600-1750 – Baroque – known for its intricate ornamentation. 1750-1820 – Classical – balance and structure. 1820-1900 – Romantic – emotional, large, programmatic. Beyond 1900 – 20th Century – limitless.

Jazz Jazz music was created in America in the early 1900's. It mainly originated from the African American communities after the abolition of slavery when many of the communities starting picking up European instruments such as the violin and they were very focused on making dance style music with a focus on improvisation, polyrhythms, and other ideas that would come to be best known within the Jazz genre. Jazz is mainly thought to have come from the New Orleans area of America. Jazz has many subgenres the main ones are Swing, Classic and Fusion .Jazz music was first used in reference to music from Chicago early in the 20th century. It has evolved in several other subgenres such as New Orleans Dixieland, big band-style swing, bebop, Afro-Cuban jazz, Brazilian jazz, jazz-rock fusion, and the more recent acid jazz. Jazz is a type of lively music with strong, complex rhythms. It was first played at the beginning of the 20th century by black musicians in New Orleans, Louisiana. Jazz musicians often accent or add notes or beats in unusual or unexpected places. They make up tunes as they play. Jazz music has changed, and today there are many different forms of Jazz. Shortly after the turn of the 20th century, the earliest documented jazz music style emerged in New Orleans. Jazz began with a basic trio of musicians: a cornet, trumpet, or violin to carry the melody while a clarinet played ornate countermelodies, and the trombone provided rhythmic slides and the root notes of chords or simple harmonies. Links - http://www.badjingloentjat.co.cc/2010/06/jazz-music-history-and-facts-revealed.html

Pop Links - http://popmusicdaily.com/pop-music-fact/ Pop Music is constantly changing ,for the past 50 years the most successful musical styles on the pop charts have continually changed and evolved, to suit the audience is needs. One of the most consistent elements of pop music since the 1950's is the pop song. Pop music is not usually written, performed and recorded as a symphony, suite, or concerto. The basic form for pop music is the song and usually a song consisting of verse and a repeated chorus. Most often the songs are between 2 and1/2 minutes and 5 and 1/2 minutes in length. What is pop music? -It is a subgenre of contemporary popular music whose rhythm is the one which people can typically dance along with. Its song lyrics usually deal with emotions and talk about love, loss, emotion or dancing. Unlike other popular music genres pop songs are usually written by professional writers and popularized by singers. Pop music is also known as popular music and includes a large number of genres and styles. Pop music is often seen as oriented towards the singles charts, as a genre it is not the sum of all chart music, which has always contained songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs, while pop music as a genre is usually seen as existing and developing separately. Thus "pop music" may be used to describe a distinct genre, aimed at a youth market, often characterized as a softer alternative to rock and roll. Examples of Pop Music … Poker Face-Lady Gaga Miley Cyrus – Party in the USA Usher ft. Will.I.AM - OMG

Soul Music Links - http:// www.ehow.com/about_6320327_soul-music.html Soul music emerged in the late 1950s and remained popular through the 1970s, when it was eventually eclipsed by styles like funk and disco. Soul was a major force in pop music history thanks to labels like Stax and Motown and exhibited many different variations in different parts of the country. Soul music's popularity among African Americans made it a prominent part of the civil rights movement. Soul music is a music genre originating in the United States combining elements of gospel music and rhythm and blues. Ray Charles is often cited as inventing the soul genre with his string of hits starting with 1954's "I Got a Woman“. This was the first Soul song. Soul music grew in popularity during the 1960s and topped the black music charts throughout the decade. Soul songs often crossed over into the pop music charts as well. Motown Records, based in Detroit, Michigan, released a bulk of the popular soul records in the 1970s. Owner Berry Gordy organized a team of top songwriters who met up each week and pitched the most radio-ready songs to the group. The Supremes and the Temptations were among the heaviest hitters. Soul music because a permant part of the grammar of American Pop culture and had a dynamic and drastic influence on musicians throughout the world, Soul music, helped form many other forms of music such as disco, funk and hip-hop

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