This document discusses bacterial meningitis, including common types of bacteria that cause it such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis. It outlines symptoms like high fever and headache, and diagnostic tools like CSF culture and gram stain. It also discusses treatments, vaccinations, and policies to prevent bacterial meningitis, noting that as of 2012, 39 states require certain vaccinations, mainly for college students and adolescents. Risk factors include age, large gatherings, and medical conditions or travel.
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These slides are from a quest lecture given at the Institute for Sustainable Futures at the University of Technology Sydney, Australia (2012).
It gives an overview of my PhD study which was centred on investigating the potential health implications of urbanisation in Vietnam, in addition to exploring NGO engagement with policy makers and government authorities in implementing public health policy.
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Looking ahead: Science and Data Needs - Dr. Brian Lubbers, Assistant Professor, Kansas State University, from the 2018 NIAA Antibiotic Symposium: New Science & Technology Tools for Antibiotic Stewardship, November 13-15, 2018, Overland Park, KS, USA.
More presentations at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8ZKJKD9cmEffjOrjbBvQZeN2_SZB_Skc
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Given the hype and success of machine learning and AI in other fields, its application in healthcare is only natural.
- However, the actual successes in medicine have been limited, with a number of high-profile failures.
- Here, I propose that biology is uniquely complex, with our lack of domain knowledge limiting the application of AI.
- However, there is reason for cautious optimism, with AI-lead approaches shifting the odds in our favour.
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he WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2022 provides a comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the TB epidemic and of progress in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease, at global, regional and country levels.
The views expressed in the presentations are that of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Government of Canada. Presentations are shared in the original format received from the presenter.
Presentations given at the Conference to Develop a Federal Framework on Lyme Disease are the property of the author, unless otherwise cited. If you reference the author's work, you must give the author credit by naming the author and their work as well as the place and date it was presented.
For more information, contact the Lyme Disease Conference Secretariat at maladie_lyme_disease@phac-aspc.gc.ca
1. Types of Bacteria
• Streptococcus agalactiae group B
• Escherichia coli
• Haemophilus influenzae
• Streptococcus pneumoniae
• Neisseria meningitidis
• Listeria monocytogenes
• Gram-negative bacilli (Mahon, Lehman, & Manuselis,
2015)
What is Bacterial Meningitis?
Who is affected?
Signs and Symptoms
• High fever
• Headache
• Stiff Neck
• Altered Mental Status (CDC, 2016)
How is Bacterial Meningitis diagnosed?
How is Bacterial Meningitis treated?
How can we prevent Bacterial Meningitis?
Vaccinations
Policies and Legislation
State Regulations
• As of 2012, 39 states have one or more
laws that require bacterial meningitis
vaccinations.
• The main groups targeted consist of first
year college students and young
adolescents.
(NCSL, n.d.)
Questions/Comments?
Risk Factors
• Age of patient
• Large gatherings of individuals such as college
dormitories or military training
• Medical conditions that weaken the immune system
• Laboratory professionals working with pathogens
• Traveling to endemic areas with known pathogens
(CDC, 2016)
Bacteria Invasion! Bacterial Meningitis
HSCI 6264
Brandon D. Morrow (MLT ASCP)
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Photophobia
Diagnostic Tools
• CSF culture
• CSF turbidity
• CSF glucose level
• CSF cell count
• CSF gram stain
(Mahon, Lehman, & Manuselis, 2015; Wu et al., 2013)
• Latex Agglutination
Testing
• Multiplex polymerase
chain reaction (PCR)
(Hasbun & Bronze, 2016)
Healthy Habits
• No Smoking/Alcohol
• Getting enough sleep
• Diet and Exercise
• Avoiding those with potential
for infection
Federal Law
In 2011, House of Representatives
member Kevin Brady (R-TX)
proposed a law to honor victims of
bacterial meningitis but it was not
enacted as of 2013. (Brady, n.d.)
(Meningococcal Vaccine, n.d.).