Monoliths (and why you break 'em)
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Monoliths refer to applications that have become too large and unwieldy due to a lack of discernible architecture as the application has grown over time. Rails applications are particularly susceptible due to features that enable fast development but can lead to degeneration. Symptoms of a monolith include a lack of modularity, duplication, and coupling that make the application difficult to maintain, extend, deploy, and test. It is important to break a monolith into more logical modules to gain developer autonomy, enforced modularity, and easier debugging. This can be done by splitting the application into logical modules and grouping interdependent modules together in iterations until the structure is improved. There are implementation methods like using shared databases and libraries or web services
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In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
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Monoliths (and why you break 'em)
- 1. MONOLITHS (when you have to break ‘em.. And why)
- 2. What’s a monolith? Simply put: an application that has grown too big for its own good Coined from the 2010 Railsconf presentation “From 1 to 30..” No discernable architecture Less hurtful term for BBM
- 3. Why Rails is particularly susceptible? Deceptively simple Lots of abuse-able features (sessions, controllers, embedded ruby) Fast development = fast degeneration
- 4. Disclaimer Just because its big, doesn’t mean it’s bad. You can go big as long as you: Have a plan (architecture) Follow conventions (DRY, convention over configuration) Test (BDD)
- 5. “How did it come to this? “ Badly executed agile application development Unfamiliarity with Ruby and/or Rails Doing it RIGHT took a backseat to Doing it RIGHT NOW Poor communication/cooperation between developers No refactoring
- 6. Symptoms Lack of modularity makes it hard to: extend maintain deploy test LOTS of duplication LOTS of coupling Difficult to bring in new people
- 7. Why break it (up)? When a module goes down, only IT goes down A chance to start over without ACTUALLY starting over (Perfect opportunity to refactor) Opposite of everything in the previous slide (easier to maintain, test, etc..)
- 8. Why break it (up)? Continued… Developer autonomy Enforced modularization and decoupling Easier to debug
- 9. Getting started Split application into as many logical modules as possible Determine which ones have the most interaction Group those together Repeat steps 1 -3 until comfortable ??? Profit!
- 10. Implementation Ideas Shared DB + libraries Multiple DB’s + Synching Web services / interfaces
- 11. There’s always a catch… Performance hit unless on the same intranet Extra layer of security for webservices/interfaces Servers aren’t free
- 12. In closing… If you don’t break it up.. it will break down