Contributed modules extend Drupal's functionality without code changes. The main source is Drupal.org, which hosts thousands of free, GPL-licensed modules. Modules should be chosen based on usage stats, issues, and reviews. They are installed by downloading, extracting, and placing them in sites/all/modules. Enabling modules on the Modules page activates their functionality. Popular modules include Views for listings, Rules for workflows, Pathauto/Token for SEO-friendly URLs, and Panels for custom page structures.