The document summarizes a new product called MODSCOUR-BL that can be used for peroxide bleaching. It offers several advantages over traditional bleaching methods: it allows bleaching, wetting, dispersing, and stabilization to be performed in a single bath. It is biodegradable, stable against acids and alkalis, and improves wettability. The product is suitable for all machine types and fiber types, guarantees minimal fiber damage, and achieves high whiteness while saving time, water, and energy. It can be used for bleaching cotton, viscose, and other fibers. Test results show it improves whiteness and is more environmentally friendly than conventional bleaching agents.
This document analyzes water loss in polymer membranes used in fuel cells. Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry experiments were conducted to study the dehydration kinetics of various polymer systems including Nafion and poly(p-phenylene-2,5-disulfonic acid) (PPDSA). The results showed that the activation energy of dehydration for Nafion was much higher than for PPDSA, indicating that Nafion holds water better than PPDSA. Kinetic analysis provided insights into the water retention mechanisms of different polymer membranes.
Dr.Ir. Gatot Trimulyadi : The adsorption behavior of chitin and its concerns with various degree of deacetylization. This high adsorption capacity was ascribable primarily to its remarkable hydrophilicity in cooperation with the relatively high amino group content. It is indicate that the importance of hydrophlicity and suggest that, in order to develop adsorbents of high capacity, it is make indicate the importance of hydrophilicity essential to make chitin derivatives highly hydrophylic and yet insoluble in water.
11.electrochemical stripping studies of amlodipine using mwcnt modified glass...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the electrochemical stripping analysis of amlodipine using a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified glassy carbon electrode. Key findings include:
1) The oxidation of amlodipine is irreversible and diffusion controlled, with maximum peak current observed at pH 13.
2) Differential pulse stripping voltammetry with MWCNT modification provided sensitive detection of amlodipine down to 0.001 μg/mL.
3) The method was successfully applied to determine amlodipine levels in pharmaceutical products.
Electrochemical stripping studies of amlodipine using mwcnt modified glassy c...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the electrochemical stripping analysis of amlodipine using a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified glassy carbon electrode. Key findings include:
1) The oxidation of amlodipine is irreversible and diffusion controlled, with maximum peak current observed at pH 13.
2) Differential pulse stripping voltammetry with MWCNT modification provided sensitive detection of amlodipine down to 0.001 μg/mL.
3) The method was successfully applied to determine amlodipine levels in pharmaceutical products.
This document discusses various types of chemical reactors and factors in reactor design. It describes batch, continuous, and semi-batch processes. Reactors can be classified based on phase type (homogeneous vs heterogeneous), geometry (stirred tank, tubular, packed bed, fluidized bed), and flow pattern. Key considerations in reactor design include reaction kinetics, heat and mass transfer, yield, and operating costs. The document provides examples of different chemical reactions and reactor configurations.
The document describes several chemical products used in textile wet processing, including rapid wetting agents, stain removing agents, scouring agents, defoamers, protonating agents, one pack systems, lubricating agents, peroxide stabilizers, core alkali neutralizers, sequestering agents, and peroxide neutralizers. The products are designed to mobilize and remove impurities from cotton, control foam, treat cellulosic fabrics, desizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, and more.
We are a prestigious organization engaged in manufacturing, supplying and exporting a wide range of Fine Chemicals. Our range is sought after in the industry due to its features like purity, accurate composition, longer shelf-life and effectiveness.
This document analyzes water loss in polymer membranes used in fuel cells. Thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry experiments were conducted to study the dehydration kinetics of various polymer systems including Nafion and poly(p-phenylene-2,5-disulfonic acid) (PPDSA). The results showed that the activation energy of dehydration for Nafion was much higher than for PPDSA, indicating that Nafion holds water better than PPDSA. Kinetic analysis provided insights into the water retention mechanisms of different polymer membranes.
Dr.Ir. Gatot Trimulyadi : The adsorption behavior of chitin and its concerns with various degree of deacetylization. This high adsorption capacity was ascribable primarily to its remarkable hydrophilicity in cooperation with the relatively high amino group content. It is indicate that the importance of hydrophlicity and suggest that, in order to develop adsorbents of high capacity, it is make indicate the importance of hydrophilicity essential to make chitin derivatives highly hydrophylic and yet insoluble in water.
11.electrochemical stripping studies of amlodipine using mwcnt modified glass...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the electrochemical stripping analysis of amlodipine using a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified glassy carbon electrode. Key findings include:
1) The oxidation of amlodipine is irreversible and diffusion controlled, with maximum peak current observed at pH 13.
2) Differential pulse stripping voltammetry with MWCNT modification provided sensitive detection of amlodipine down to 0.001 μg/mL.
3) The method was successfully applied to determine amlodipine levels in pharmaceutical products.
Electrochemical stripping studies of amlodipine using mwcnt modified glassy c...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the electrochemical stripping analysis of amlodipine using a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified glassy carbon electrode. Key findings include:
1) The oxidation of amlodipine is irreversible and diffusion controlled, with maximum peak current observed at pH 13.
2) Differential pulse stripping voltammetry with MWCNT modification provided sensitive detection of amlodipine down to 0.001 μg/mL.
3) The method was successfully applied to determine amlodipine levels in pharmaceutical products.
This document discusses various types of chemical reactors and factors in reactor design. It describes batch, continuous, and semi-batch processes. Reactors can be classified based on phase type (homogeneous vs heterogeneous), geometry (stirred tank, tubular, packed bed, fluidized bed), and flow pattern. Key considerations in reactor design include reaction kinetics, heat and mass transfer, yield, and operating costs. The document provides examples of different chemical reactions and reactor configurations.
The document describes several chemical products used in textile wet processing, including rapid wetting agents, stain removing agents, scouring agents, defoamers, protonating agents, one pack systems, lubricating agents, peroxide stabilizers, core alkali neutralizers, sequestering agents, and peroxide neutralizers. The products are designed to mobilize and remove impurities from cotton, control foam, treat cellulosic fabrics, desizing, scouring, bleaching, dyeing, and more.
We are a prestigious organization engaged in manufacturing, supplying and exporting a wide range of Fine Chemicals. Our range is sought after in the industry due to its features like purity, accurate composition, longer shelf-life and effectiveness.
A persistent,retentive,durable,Non-toxic,non-migrating broad spectrum antimicrobial for all porous and non porous surfaces.
Applied on Textiles,metal,plastics,ceramics,rubber,leather,glass,porcelain,grouts,sand,carbon black,cement surfaces,paints,coatings etc
It is developed as a product for producing gray cast on denim during hypochlorite bleaching process.
To overcome this disadvantage the expensive process used is laccase enzyme. Denimax GC is the chemical substitute of laccase enzyme.
Produces the desired gray cast on denim
Enables consistent gray cast or shade, unlike in case of laccase enzyme where shade or cast variation cannot be controlled.
Eliminates use of expensive laccase-enzyme. Shortens the extra step of 30- 45 mins of enzyme treatment
The document discusses various causes of yellowing in textiles during storage and heat processing. It notes that yellowing is often caused by reactions between phenolic antioxidants used in packaging materials and textile finishes with nitrogen oxides in the air. Factors like humidity, temperature, and UV exposure can also influence yellowing. The document recommends several products that can help prevent yellowing, including Quench-APY, Quench-AY, Quench-LG, and Altranol-GR, which protect fibers from oxidative damage and reactions with nitrous oxides.
Oligomer & the importance of Oligomer remover-------
Oligomer is a smaller chain length of polyester made up of two or more molecules of basic ethylene terephthlate i.e. dimer or trimer, produced as a side reaction during the manufacture of polyester. The Oligoester because of its smaller chain length is in the form of a fine powder which is entrapped is basic polymer and migrates to the surface during high temperature polyester dyeing.
Higher the depth more is the displacement of Oligomer to the fibre surface. Typically polyester fibres contain between 1.5-3.5% by mass of low molecular esters, the principal oligomer being cyclic tris (ethylene terephthalate) with smaller quantities of dimer, pentamer & other compounds. Approximately 0.1 % to 1.0 % of Oligomer is produced as a side reaction in the manufacture of basic polyester.
Oligomer & the importance of Oligomer remover, problems caused on its deposit, Removing Art, Solutions----
1. Mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and West Nile virus are spreading due to global warming increasing mosquito ranges.
2. A mosquito repellent textile finishes called Alaroma IMR and Alaroma-IR can protect people by repelling mosquitoes when applied to fabrics.
3. Testing shows these repellent finishes provide over 90% protection against mosquitoes on polyester and cotton fabrics for 30 minutes or more.
Alquat CLA is a bleach bath accelerator designed to catalyze the faster formation of active bleaching species from sodium hypochlorite, improving productivity and reducing the amount of hypochlorite needed. As a cationic surfactant, Alquat CLA minimizes backstaining. It can reduce the chlorine bleach concentration by over 50% and processing time in half, lowering fabric damage and reducing quantities of antichlor and peroxide required in subsequent steps. This leads to a more eco-friendly and cost-effective bleaching process. Alquat CLA is also beneficial when bleaching tencel blends, reducing damage to the fabric and fibrillation of tencel fibers.
Bleach Bath Accelerator is a unique catalyst and desorbing agent designed to greatly accelerate the action of chlorine bleach on indigo. It allows for substantial reductions in chlorine bleach concentrations, bleach cycle time, and process temperatures while achieving the same shade. Key benefits include reduced fabric damage, improved productivity through shorter cycle times, lower environmental impact through reduced effluent, and reduced costs through lower temperatures and chemical use. It is especially useful for bleaching tencel blends, reducing damage and fibrillation compared to sodium hypochlorite alone.
Amplify Black---Colour deepening agent increases the depth of dyed textile po...Ketan Gandhi
Amplify Black is a colour deepening agent designed to increase the depth of primarily polyester, cotton. Wool and their blended fabrics, dyed in black, navy blue or dark shades by post treatment of fabric. Excellent colour deepening effects are observed on other fabric substrates i.e. cotton, viscose, acetate, acrylic, wool and their blends also.
ALTRANOL GR--- Prevent yellowing of fabrics during heat setting or moulding.Ketan Gandhi
This document provides information on Altranol-GR, a product used to prevent yellowing of textiles during processing. It discusses various causes of textile yellowing including NOx gases from direct heating, heat exposure, light exposure, microorganisms, and chemical interactions. Altranol-GR contains scavengers that react with NOx gases to prevent fiber damage and yellowing. It can be applied by padding or exhaust and provides antioxidant effects during heat setting and molding to maintain whiteness. The document provides application guidelines and recipes for using Altranol-GR at different stages of textile processing.
Aquasil hs-new--"Next Generation hydrophilic “softener for a demanding textil...Ketan Gandhi
1) durable non-yellowing hydrophilic silicone softener
2) Exhibits excellent soft, smooth and greasy bulky hand while retaining the fabrics original water absorbency & pile,
3) Excellent wicking and moisture transport.
4) It is shear stable and hence suitable in application in high turbulence equipment’s like JET, Soft flow machine etc.
5) Revolutionary Technology of Hydrophilic Silicone
6) A Solution for Economic Damage of Textiles.
Dyefix CF--Chlorine Fastness Improver For dyed Cellulosic FabricsKetan Gandhi
Dyefix-CF is a solution that improves the color fastness of dyed fabrics. It helps fix reactive dyes permanently onto fabrics, protecting them from fading during washing, rubbing, perspiration, chlorine exposure, and other processes. Without a fixative like Dyefix-CF, unfixed dye portions can stain other fabrics during washing. Dyefix-CF significantly improves color fastness and retention, especially for reactive and direct dyeings, with little to no effect on shade, light fastness, or fabric handle and absorbency. It is formaldehyde-free and recommended for use in exhaust and pad dyeing processes.
Product to give---Special effects on Denim & Garments
Product Name ---Ultrafresh MG,
Ionicity ----Non-ionic,
Description -----. Product to produce unique bleach finishes
Statistics
Garment Processing Chemical----Ultrafresh mg [A powdered product used to pr...Ketan Gandhi
Ball blast effect uses thermocol balls treated with hypochlorite solution and calcium carbonate powder to produce localized abrasion and aesthetic changes on garment surfaces. The process involves filling a drum washer 3/4 full with treated thermocol balls, adding a dilute active substance solution, then calcium carbonate powder to form a pasty mass. Dry garments are then added and tumbled for 10-30 minutes to achieve the desired bleach effect or color cut. The garments can then be given antichlor treatment or simply washed and dried.
This document discusses sequestering agents, which are compounds that form soluble complexes with metal ions, preventing precipitation. It provides examples of multidentate ligands that can chelate metal ions, including ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). Sequestering agents stably complex metal ions through ring structures of 5-6 atoms. The document also examines the role of stabilizers in hydrogen peroxide solutions and mechanisms of bleaching with hydrogen peroxide under alkaline conditions.
This document provides information on various chemical products from Altranol used in textile processing. It lists the product names, descriptions of their functions, key product features, and categories they belong to including scouring/boiling-off, one pack products, mercerizing/wetting, natural products, stain removers/scouring, alkali neutralizers, lubricating agents, wetting/de-aerating, defoamers, peroxide stabilizers, quenchers and sequesterants. The chemicals listed are used at different stages of textile processing for functions such as scouring, bleaching, desizing, wetting and others.
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
A persistent,retentive,durable,Non-toxic,non-migrating broad spectrum antimicrobial for all porous and non porous surfaces.
Applied on Textiles,metal,plastics,ceramics,rubber,leather,glass,porcelain,grouts,sand,carbon black,cement surfaces,paints,coatings etc
It is developed as a product for producing gray cast on denim during hypochlorite bleaching process.
To overcome this disadvantage the expensive process used is laccase enzyme. Denimax GC is the chemical substitute of laccase enzyme.
Produces the desired gray cast on denim
Enables consistent gray cast or shade, unlike in case of laccase enzyme where shade or cast variation cannot be controlled.
Eliminates use of expensive laccase-enzyme. Shortens the extra step of 30- 45 mins of enzyme treatment
The document discusses various causes of yellowing in textiles during storage and heat processing. It notes that yellowing is often caused by reactions between phenolic antioxidants used in packaging materials and textile finishes with nitrogen oxides in the air. Factors like humidity, temperature, and UV exposure can also influence yellowing. The document recommends several products that can help prevent yellowing, including Quench-APY, Quench-AY, Quench-LG, and Altranol-GR, which protect fibers from oxidative damage and reactions with nitrous oxides.
Oligomer & the importance of Oligomer remover-------
Oligomer is a smaller chain length of polyester made up of two or more molecules of basic ethylene terephthlate i.e. dimer or trimer, produced as a side reaction during the manufacture of polyester. The Oligoester because of its smaller chain length is in the form of a fine powder which is entrapped is basic polymer and migrates to the surface during high temperature polyester dyeing.
Higher the depth more is the displacement of Oligomer to the fibre surface. Typically polyester fibres contain between 1.5-3.5% by mass of low molecular esters, the principal oligomer being cyclic tris (ethylene terephthalate) with smaller quantities of dimer, pentamer & other compounds. Approximately 0.1 % to 1.0 % of Oligomer is produced as a side reaction in the manufacture of basic polyester.
Oligomer & the importance of Oligomer remover, problems caused on its deposit, Removing Art, Solutions----
1. Mosquito-borne diseases like malaria and West Nile virus are spreading due to global warming increasing mosquito ranges.
2. A mosquito repellent textile finishes called Alaroma IMR and Alaroma-IR can protect people by repelling mosquitoes when applied to fabrics.
3. Testing shows these repellent finishes provide over 90% protection against mosquitoes on polyester and cotton fabrics for 30 minutes or more.
Alquat CLA is a bleach bath accelerator designed to catalyze the faster formation of active bleaching species from sodium hypochlorite, improving productivity and reducing the amount of hypochlorite needed. As a cationic surfactant, Alquat CLA minimizes backstaining. It can reduce the chlorine bleach concentration by over 50% and processing time in half, lowering fabric damage and reducing quantities of antichlor and peroxide required in subsequent steps. This leads to a more eco-friendly and cost-effective bleaching process. Alquat CLA is also beneficial when bleaching tencel blends, reducing damage to the fabric and fibrillation of tencel fibers.
Bleach Bath Accelerator is a unique catalyst and desorbing agent designed to greatly accelerate the action of chlorine bleach on indigo. It allows for substantial reductions in chlorine bleach concentrations, bleach cycle time, and process temperatures while achieving the same shade. Key benefits include reduced fabric damage, improved productivity through shorter cycle times, lower environmental impact through reduced effluent, and reduced costs through lower temperatures and chemical use. It is especially useful for bleaching tencel blends, reducing damage and fibrillation compared to sodium hypochlorite alone.
Amplify Black---Colour deepening agent increases the depth of dyed textile po...Ketan Gandhi
Amplify Black is a colour deepening agent designed to increase the depth of primarily polyester, cotton. Wool and their blended fabrics, dyed in black, navy blue or dark shades by post treatment of fabric. Excellent colour deepening effects are observed on other fabric substrates i.e. cotton, viscose, acetate, acrylic, wool and their blends also.
ALTRANOL GR--- Prevent yellowing of fabrics during heat setting or moulding.Ketan Gandhi
This document provides information on Altranol-GR, a product used to prevent yellowing of textiles during processing. It discusses various causes of textile yellowing including NOx gases from direct heating, heat exposure, light exposure, microorganisms, and chemical interactions. Altranol-GR contains scavengers that react with NOx gases to prevent fiber damage and yellowing. It can be applied by padding or exhaust and provides antioxidant effects during heat setting and molding to maintain whiteness. The document provides application guidelines and recipes for using Altranol-GR at different stages of textile processing.
Aquasil hs-new--"Next Generation hydrophilic “softener for a demanding textil...Ketan Gandhi
1) durable non-yellowing hydrophilic silicone softener
2) Exhibits excellent soft, smooth and greasy bulky hand while retaining the fabrics original water absorbency & pile,
3) Excellent wicking and moisture transport.
4) It is shear stable and hence suitable in application in high turbulence equipment’s like JET, Soft flow machine etc.
5) Revolutionary Technology of Hydrophilic Silicone
6) A Solution for Economic Damage of Textiles.
Dyefix CF--Chlorine Fastness Improver For dyed Cellulosic FabricsKetan Gandhi
Dyefix-CF is a solution that improves the color fastness of dyed fabrics. It helps fix reactive dyes permanently onto fabrics, protecting them from fading during washing, rubbing, perspiration, chlorine exposure, and other processes. Without a fixative like Dyefix-CF, unfixed dye portions can stain other fabrics during washing. Dyefix-CF significantly improves color fastness and retention, especially for reactive and direct dyeings, with little to no effect on shade, light fastness, or fabric handle and absorbency. It is formaldehyde-free and recommended for use in exhaust and pad dyeing processes.
Product to give---Special effects on Denim & Garments
Product Name ---Ultrafresh MG,
Ionicity ----Non-ionic,
Description -----. Product to produce unique bleach finishes
Statistics
Garment Processing Chemical----Ultrafresh mg [A powdered product used to pr...Ketan Gandhi
Ball blast effect uses thermocol balls treated with hypochlorite solution and calcium carbonate powder to produce localized abrasion and aesthetic changes on garment surfaces. The process involves filling a drum washer 3/4 full with treated thermocol balls, adding a dilute active substance solution, then calcium carbonate powder to form a pasty mass. Dry garments are then added and tumbled for 10-30 minutes to achieve the desired bleach effect or color cut. The garments can then be given antichlor treatment or simply washed and dried.
This document discusses sequestering agents, which are compounds that form soluble complexes with metal ions, preventing precipitation. It provides examples of multidentate ligands that can chelate metal ions, including ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA). Sequestering agents stably complex metal ions through ring structures of 5-6 atoms. The document also examines the role of stabilizers in hydrogen peroxide solutions and mechanisms of bleaching with hydrogen peroxide under alkaline conditions.
This document provides information on various chemical products from Altranol used in textile processing. It lists the product names, descriptions of their functions, key product features, and categories they belong to including scouring/boiling-off, one pack products, mercerizing/wetting, natural products, stain removers/scouring, alkali neutralizers, lubricating agents, wetting/de-aerating, defoamers, peroxide stabilizers, quenchers and sequesterants. The chemicals listed are used at different stages of textile processing for functions such as scouring, bleaching, desizing, wetting and others.
IMPACT Silver is a pure silver zinc producer with over $260 million in revenue since 2008 and a large 100% owned 210km Mexico land package - 2024 catalysts includes new 14% grade zinc Plomosas mine and 20,000m of fully funded exploration drilling.
Industrial Tech SW: Category Renewal and CreationChristian Dahlen
Every industrial revolution has created a new set of categories and a new set of players.
Multiple new technologies have emerged, but Samsara and C3.ai are only two companies which have gone public so far.
Manufacturing startups constitute the largest pipeline share of unicorns and IPO candidates in the SF Bay Area, and software startups dominate in Germany.
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Tastemy Pandit
Know what your zodiac sign says about your taste in food! Explore how the 12 zodiac signs influence your culinary preferences with insights from MyPandit. Dive into astrology and flavors!
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...my Pandit
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024SEOSMMEARTH
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
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B2B payments are rapidly changing. Find out the 5 key questions you need to be asking yourself to be sure you are mastering B2B payments today. Learn more at www.BlueSnap.com.
Recruiting in the Digital Age: A Social Media MasterclassLuanWise
In this masterclass, presented at the Global HR Summit on 5th June 2024, Luan Wise explored the essential features of social media platforms that support talent acquisition, including LinkedIn, Facebook, Instagram, X (formerly Twitter) and TikTok.
Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdownjeffkluth1
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
1. Technical Presentation
MCPL
15/11/98
ECONOMICALLY & ECOLOGICALLY IMPROVED PEROXIDE BLEACH
MODHERA CHEMICALS PVT. LTD., offers “MODSCOUR-BL” as a product which is well tried and tested in hydrogen
peroxide bleaching. The most distinguished properties of this product lie in that it enables various functions to be
performed in one bath and also allow the fundamental needs of the consumers for more environmental compatibility. It is
bio-degradable to high degree. Besides preventing redeposition of impurities the product offers good stability against acids
(important for acid extraction) and alkalies, excellent wetting and re-wetting properties, inhibition of iron and stabilising
action for peroxide.
MODSCOUR-BL is suited for all types of machinery (continues and discontinuous) and guarantees minimal fibre damage,
while achieving a high degree of whiteness at the same time. The user will benefit in quality from the universal means of
applying this hitech MCPL product, and will also have savings in time, water and energy.
Advantages:
Only one product now needed for peroxide bleaching
Optimum degree of whiteness
Reduced use of chemicals possible
Excellent d.p. values
Very good re-wetability
Suitable for all types of machines and processes
Stable to acids, alkali, electrolytes and temperatures upto 135ºC
Energy saving due to shortened processes
Complete dispensation of silicate
Biodegradable
Scope of Applications:
Bleach bath stabilisation
Demineralisation bleaching by one bath / two step process
“Three in one” product
- Wetting / scouring
- Dispersing
- Stabilisation
2. Profile of MODSCOUR-BL
Good Biodegradibility
Sequestration of Ca, Mg at Stable to alkali, acids,
the presence of high amount electrolytes.
of alkali
Sequestration of iron Stable to temperatures upto
other heavy metal ions in 135ºC
hot strongly alkaline liquors
MODSCOUR-BL
Dispersing power of Ca, Support of surface active
Mg heavy metal componet during extraction
hydroxides processes.
Acid extraction peroxide Easily dosable
bleaching in one bath
Stabilisation by complete
dispensation of silicate
3. MODSCOUR-BL : Manganese, Iron, Copper binding capacity at 98ºC.
400
mg metal ions / g
300
product
pH 7
200 pH 9
pH 11
100
0
manganese iron copper
Metal Ions
Stabilisation with MODSCOUR-BL in relation to magnesium content
100
90
80
70
Residual H2O2, (%)
60 Mod scour- BL
50 Perostab -BLN
Silicate
40
30
20
10
0
Additio n o f M agn esium C hlo rid e [ºd H]
4. Dependance of Stabilisation on the Magnesium content of the Bath
90
80
Residual Peroxide
Final Stabilisation
70
60
in %
50
40
30
20
Modscour- BL
10
0 Waterglass
2ºdH
4ºdH
8ºdH
12ºdH
16ºdH
20ºdH
32ºdH
48ºdH
64ºdH
80ºdH
Addition of Magnesium Chloride
[ºdH]
BLEACHING OF TOWELLING
Machine : Thies Roto Stream
Material : 100% cotton
Liquor ratio : 1 : 10
5. Bleaching recipe:
1~1.5 g/l : MODSCOUR-BL
2 g/l : NaOH Flakes
5~5.5 m/l : H2O2 50%
Water hardness : 8º Gh = 10ºEh
(If only deionized water is available add 0.3 g/l MgCl2 . 6H2O)
95°C 60 min. 95°C
2.5°C/min.
80°C
25°C
Drain
Pretreatment of Dyeing - Cheese
Production Steps
1. Demineralization / Bleaching (Semi White)
2. Vat Dyeing
3. Reactive dyeing
Problematic
Repeatly unlevelness on light Vat and Reactive shades occurred in the past in so far as the package inside was lighter than
outside. Analyses of the yarn led to the result that deposits of mineral hydroxides caused a blockage of the liquor flow.
The followimg Pre-treatment process solved the problem.
6. 1. Pre-Bleach Process
Machine : Open Thied package bleaching unit, circulation in one
Direction,
Inside Outside
Material : 300 kgs. cotton cheese, Nm 19/1.
Liquor ratio : 1 : 10
1.1 First Step
Deminerlization
2 g/l : MODSCOUR-BL
5 g/l : ALTRANOL-OL / MODFOR-R-610
1 ml/l acetic acid 60% : pH 4~6
20 min, at 40°C
1.2 Second Step (same bath)
Bleaching
1.2 ml.l NaOH 50%
2 ml/l H2O2 35%
40 min.
95°C 95°C
40°C Drain
- Overflow Rise at 70°C, 15 min.
- Rise at 70°C, 8 min.
Addition of 1 g/l MODSCOUR-BL
pH after Rinsing 7
2. Vat Dyeing
(on different machine, closed apparatus with alternating circulation)
7. 2.1 Pigmentation
1 g/l MODQUEST-FSN
1 g/l MODLEVELLER-VL
0.25% Pigment (Fine dispersion)
0.061% Pigment (Colloidal)
5 m/l NaOH
-10 min. at 80°C
2.2 Vatting
3~3.5 g/l Sodium hydrosulphite
- 20 min. at 80°C
- 30 min. at 60°C
2.3 Rinsing and Oxidation
2.4 Soaping
1~1.5 g/l MODLEVELLER-VL
1~1.5 g/l MODQUEST-WS
- 15 min. at 96°C
2.5 Acidification
0.5 ml/l Acetic acid 60%
- 10 min. at 40°C
2.6 Rinsing at 40°C, and cold
2.7 Softening
2.8 Pressure drying
3. Reactive Dyeing
3.1 Pre-Bleach, same as for Vats
3.2 Dye Process
8. % shade required Reactive dye
1~1.5 g/l MODQUEST-FSN
50 g/l Glauber’s salt
20 g/l Soda ash
50°C 30 min. 50°C 60 min. 50°C
25°C 25°C
Soda ash Drain
MODQUEST-FSN
Dyestuff
Salt
3.2 Rinsing
- 5 min. at 25°C
- 5 min. at 25°C
- 5 min. at 25°C, addition of 0.4 ml/l Acetic acid 60%
3.4 Washing-off
- 10 min. at 98°C
addition of 1~2 g/l MODQUEST-FSN
3.5 Rinsing
- 5 min. at 40°C
3.6 After treatment
0.5 ml/l Acetic acid 60%
2% ECOFIX-2F
- 10 min. at 40°C
3.7 Pressure drying
Bleaching of viscose with MODSCOUR-BL on MCS continuous machine
9. Method : Desizing (Enzymatic)
Hydrozen Peroxide treatment
Machine : MCS continuous machine
- About 1000 running meters in the machine
- Speed : 35 m/min.
- Liquor ratio : 1:4
- Fabric: Viscose/Cosa about 10.000 running meters
Recipe :
Desizing : - MODSCOUR-BL : 0.2~0.5 g/l
- Enzyme : As per recommendation
- pH : As per recommendation
- Retention time : 12 h
BLEACHING:
Starting recipe - MODSCOUR-BL 1 g/l
- NaOH 50% 1 g/l
- H2O2 50% 4 g/l
If only soft water is available add 0.6 g/l MgCl2, otherwise add only 0.2 g/l MgCl2.
Feed liquor conc. - Machinery : see sketch next page
A) 12 g/l Enzymes }
4 g/l MODSCOUR-BL }
pH=6 }
500 ltr.
B) 20 g/lNaOH 50% } Stock solutions
3 g/l MODSCOUR-BL } ⇓
Dosage: 80 ltr./hr.
C) 40 g/lH2O2 50% }
4 g/l MODSCOUR-BL }
3 g/l MgCl2 }
11. LABORATORY TESTS
Degree of whiteness Degree of polymeri- Rewettability
Whiteness (Berger) zation (repeated
determinations)
Grey fabric 63.9 329 20 sec.
MCPL Bleaching 70.8 227 Spontaneous
PRE-TREATMENT COMBINED ALKALI TREATMENT +
OXIDATIVE DESIZING AND BLEACHING
Machinery (see sketch next page)
1. Grey fabric (A-frame)
2. Singeing
3. Alkali treatment + oxidative deszing
Padding liquor:
Caustic soda 35 g/l
Na-persulphate 5 g/l
Altranol-CD/Modscour-LF 2 g/l
Temperature 90-95°C
Pick-up 80%
4. Dwelling
4 hours
5. Washing-off, 4 comparments at90°C – counter current, 1 compartment cold rinse
6. Impregnation compartment
Starting concentration:
Hydrogenperoxide 50% 40 ml/l
Caustic soda flakes 28 g/l
MODSCOUR-BL 10 g/l
Magnesium chloride.6H2O 0.2 g/l
7. U-Box Reaction Unit
Temp. of steam 101°C
Steaming time 20 min
8. Washing-off compartments, Temp. 80-90°C
9. Drying cylinders
12. CONTINUOUS PRE-TREATMENT, 2 STEP PROCESS
a) Alkali treatment + Oxidative desizing
b) Bleaching
------
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9
13. Information about the process run
1. Material Cotton weave, 440 g per running meter
Warp, sized with a blend of
Corn starch
Polyvinyl alcohol
Polyacrylate
Wax
2. Previous process
1st Step: Enzymatic desizing, dwelling process
2nd Step: a) Washing-off decomposed starch
b) Alkali-Pad Steam
3rd Step: Peroxide-Pad steam
3. Process
1st Step: Combined alkali + oxidative treatment, dwelling process
2nd Step: a) Washing-off solubilized impurities and decomposed
starch
b) Peroxide-Pad steam
3.1 Advantages of the oxidative desizing in the alkali step
- Maximum swelling of cellulose, breaking up of husks, saponification of waxes and grease.
- Persulphate decomposes starch as well as polyvinyl alcohol
- Alkali solubilizes polyacrylate
- Shorter dwell time (4 hours) as compared to enzymatic desizing
Remarks : Padding at 90ºC, covering of batching roller with foil
Temperature is kept due to exothermic reactions:
Starch + Persulphate exothermic
Polyvinylalcohol + Persulphate exothermic
3.2 Calculation of feed liquor concentration
F1 = 60% (Entry mangle)
F2 = 90% (Exit mangle)
2
d = 30%
90 = 90 = factor 3
F2 – F1 90-60
14. 4. Results
Degree of Damage factor Degree of Whiteness
Polymerization by Eisenhut Elrepho Filter
Grey fabric 1820 48.9%
Treated fabric (without
Mercerization) 1550 0.29 70%
No optical brightening
5. Evaluation and actions
The reduction of polymerization degree of 15% and a damage factor of 0.29 are satisfactory results. Bearing in mind
that the former practised enzymatic desizing resulted in an incomplete removal of the size the oxidative method is a
good alternative.
Pad-steam (U-box) continuous oxidative desizing and bleaching
Process-steps
A: 3 Compartments prescouring 90-95ºC
Recipe 1
Addition into compartment No. 3, with overflow in compartment No. 2 and No.1
0.5 ~ 1g/l ALTRANOL-CD/MODSCOUR-LF
1 g/l MODQUEST-FSN
Wash-off, overflow compartment No. 4
B: Combined akali treatment and oxidative desizing
Recipe 2
Starting concentration:
4 g/l Na-persulfate
0.5~1 g/l ALTRANOL-CD / MODSCOUR-LF
25 g/l NaOH flakes
Concentration of feed liquor: 4 times
15. C: Steaming
2 times 15 min/102ºC
U-Box-Steamer
D: Recipe 3
3 Compartments at 80-95ºC overflow rinse
1 Compartment cold overflow rinse
E: Peroxide bleaching
Recipe 4
Starting concentration
8 g/l MODSCOUR-BL
20 g/l NaOH flakes
40 g/l H2O2 50%
0.3 g/l MgCl2.6H2O
(necessary if water hardness is below 8ºGh or 10ºEh)
Concentration of feed liquor : 4 times
F: Steaming
15 min/102ºC
U-Box-steamer
G: Recipe 5
4 Compartments hot rinse
overflow (counter current if possible)
H: Cylinder-dryer
16. Fabric
x y Na2S2O8
NaOH
Singeing extinguish 4 x wash-off impregnation bath U-Box-Steamer
50-60 sec. total 4 times conc. of 2 times 15 min/102ºC
feed liquor
Modscour-BL
fabric z { H2O2 fabric
NaOH
Impregnation bath,
4 x wash-off 4 times conc. of U-Box-Steamer
50-60 sec. total feed liquor 15 min/102ºC
fabric |
4 x wash-off
50-60 sec. total cylinder
dryer See recipe 1-5
Continuous-pretreatment- plant
17. BLEACHING BY PAD-STEAM METHOD
METHOD : H Singeing
H Desizing (Enzymatic)
H Hydrogen Peroxide treatment(Pad steam)
MACHINE : KÜSTERS Combi-Steamer (with Flexnip “System)
STEAM TEMPERATURE : 102ºC
STEAMING TIME : 25 min.
SPEED : 100 m/min.
MATERIAL : 100% Cotton (household linen 120 g/m2)
RECIPE :
H DESIZING : Enzyme As per recommendation
Allendet-NI/Altranol-OL 2 g/l
pH As per recommendation
Retention time As per recommendation
H WASHING : 90ºC, 95ºC, 95 (3 Compartments)
H BLEACHING : - Pick-up 100%
- Water hardness 15º (french hardness)
(=8º German hardness)
That means magnesium chloride is not
necessary.
- Steaming time 25 min. at 102ºC
Recipes
COMPETITORS
H 30 ml/l NaOH 36 Bè
H 70 ml/l H2O2 35% (= 46 ml/l H2O2 50%)
H 8 g/l Stabilizer
H 6 g/l Wetting agent
H 4 g/l Sequestering agent
H 1 g/l Defoamer
18. MODHERA CHEMICALS PVT. LTD.
H 50 m//l NaOH 36Bè
H 50 ml/l H2O2 35%
H 10 g/l MODSCOUR-BL
H WASHING 95ºC, 90ºC, 60ºC, 50ºC (4 Compartments)
RESULTS
DP S Degree of Water
(STN whiteness absorbency
2.075/84)
Grey Fabric 1883 35 /
Competitor 1879 0 71.1 Spontaneous
MCPL recipe 1917 0 71.2 Spontaneous
S= Damage factor
19. Bleaching by pad steam method
Method : Desizing (enzymatic) – Pad roll, combined alkali /
Hydrogen peroxide treatment – Pad steam
Machine : Babcock combi steamer
Steam temp. : 100ºC
Steaming time : 15 minutes
Speed : 50 m/min.
Material : 100% cotton, plain weave, 216 g/m
Recipe (starting concentration)
H2O2 50% 40.0 ml/l
NaOH 50% 16.0 ml/l (24.5 g/l)
MODSCOUR-BL 10.0 g/l
Water : 8º German hardness=10º English hardness. If only deionized water is available add 0.3 g/l MgCl2.6H2O.
Calculation of feed liquor concentration
F1 = 65% (Entry machine)
F2 = 95% (Exit mangle)
d2 = 30%
95 95
95-65 = 95-65 =
3.2 factor
Result
- Desizing = very good
(assessment by TEGEWA Violet = standard: note 9)
- Water absorbency = Penetration 3 sec.
Spreading: Warp 35 mm
Weft 31 mm
- Whiteness = good
- Seed removal = complete
- DP decrease = 6%
- Damage factor = very good, undamaged (Damage factor Eisenhut: 0.04)
20. Degree of polymerisation:
In continental Europe fluidity is not normally used as an expression of chemical damage but a measure of the degree of
polymerization (DP). It is obtained from the viscosity using a modified Staudinger equation. The development of these
equations and their use is given by O. Deschler (textile-Praxis 1958, 13, p 927)
Typical values for DP are:
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Fibre DP
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Natural fibres; cotton, flax, ramine 2300-3000
Acceptably bleached cotton 1800-2000
Regenerated cellulose polynosic 1000-1200
Viscose 250- 400
The relationship between DP and fluidity (F) for cotton is given by the equation:
DP = 2032 [log10 74.35 + F ] - 573
F
And this is shown graphically on page
Damage factor:
The damage factor (S), suggested by O. Eisenhut (Melliand Textilber. 1941,22, p 424) relates damage to the change in DP
and so takes into account high initial DPs.
S=log10 (2000 _ 2000 + 1) log102
Ptx Ptx
Pt = DP before chemical treatment Ptx = DP after chemical treatment 2000 = reference value
The damage factor has been categorized to indicate the degree of damage.
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8 factor comment
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0.01 – 0.2 very good – undamaged
0.21 – 0.3 good – very carefully bleached
0.31 – 0.5 satisfactory
0.5 – 0.75 slightly damaged
0.75 badly damaged
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