This document discusses plastics and their uses in construction. It provides information on how plastics are produced from petroleum products and can be thermoplastics or thermosets. Around 19% of non-fibre plastics are used in construction for products like insulation, flooring, windows, and pipes. Common plastics used in construction include PVC, polyethylene, and polyurethane. The document also outlines various properties of plastics that make them suitable for construction applications like light weight, durability, insulation, and resistance to chemicals.
"Beat Plastic Pollution" is a presentation by Dr. Amrit Krishna Mitra, Assistant Professor, Department Of Chemistry, Singur Government College, West Bengal, India. In this presentation he discusses the chemistry & history of Plastics, its benefits etc., as well as the detrimental effects of plastic on the environment, and finally ways towards the resolution.
https://www.sciencesg.com/scientificity/beat-plastic-pollution/
"Beat Plastic Pollution" is a presentation by Dr. Amrit Krishna Mitra, Assistant Professor, Department Of Chemistry, Singur Government College, West Bengal, India. In this presentation he discusses the chemistry & history of Plastics, its benefits etc., as well as the detrimental effects of plastic on the environment, and finally ways towards the resolution.
https://www.sciencesg.com/scientificity/beat-plastic-pollution/
The power point presentation is on acrylic plastic (PMMA), basic information, types, advantages, uses, properties, limitations, pricing patterns, traders name and conclusion.
Plastic food packaging refers to the use of plastic materials to store and preserve food items. Plastic packaging can be in various forms such as bags, containers, bottles, and wraps.
The benefits of plastic food packaging include its durability, flexibility, and light weight, which make it easy to transport and store food items. Plastic packaging can also provide an effective barrier against moisture, oxygen, and other contaminants that can spoil food, thereby increasing the shelf life of food products.
Civil Engineering Materiel's 2017
Prepared By
MD. Sakin Morshed
Lecturer, Département Of Civil Engineering
Types of Materials:
Bricks
1. Hollow Blocks
2. Green Bricks
Making & Use
Differentiate green bricks for the materials they are constructed and there are several proposals (in line or already in progress) of bricks with different components:
Coal ash: This was an idea of a civil engineer, Henry Liu, in 1999, with a double environmental benefit. With this material the bricks are obtained at 212 degrees in 10 hours and take advantage of 45 million tons of the waste generated by coal power plants.
Hemp and straw: This brick and green has been used by Spanish companies. Despite the apparent fragility of the material hardness is similar to conventional ones. They have the disadvantage of being more expensive but well isolated from the outside temperature. This represents a savings of energy expenditure for heating and air conditioning, so that pays the price soon.
Used plastic and peanut shells: ecological bricks of this material are a creation of the Experimental Center for Economic Housing in Argentina who says they are tough, lightweight insulation and economic. In addition to producing energy savings possible recycling of waste for production.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
More Related Content
Similar to Modern construction materials unit 3.pptx
The power point presentation is on acrylic plastic (PMMA), basic information, types, advantages, uses, properties, limitations, pricing patterns, traders name and conclusion.
Plastic food packaging refers to the use of plastic materials to store and preserve food items. Plastic packaging can be in various forms such as bags, containers, bottles, and wraps.
The benefits of plastic food packaging include its durability, flexibility, and light weight, which make it easy to transport and store food items. Plastic packaging can also provide an effective barrier against moisture, oxygen, and other contaminants that can spoil food, thereby increasing the shelf life of food products.
Civil Engineering Materiel's 2017
Prepared By
MD. Sakin Morshed
Lecturer, Département Of Civil Engineering
Types of Materials:
Bricks
1. Hollow Blocks
2. Green Bricks
Making & Use
Differentiate green bricks for the materials they are constructed and there are several proposals (in line or already in progress) of bricks with different components:
Coal ash: This was an idea of a civil engineer, Henry Liu, in 1999, with a double environmental benefit. With this material the bricks are obtained at 212 degrees in 10 hours and take advantage of 45 million tons of the waste generated by coal power plants.
Hemp and straw: This brick and green has been used by Spanish companies. Despite the apparent fragility of the material hardness is similar to conventional ones. They have the disadvantage of being more expensive but well isolated from the outside temperature. This represents a savings of energy expenditure for heating and air conditioning, so that pays the price soon.
Used plastic and peanut shells: ecological bricks of this material are a creation of the Experimental Center for Economic Housing in Argentina who says they are tough, lightweight insulation and economic. In addition to producing energy savings possible recycling of waste for production.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
3. PLASTICS AND THEIR USE IN
CONSTRUCTION
• Around one fifth of all plastics are
used in construction.
• Plastics are synthetic, organic
polymers.
• To create polymers, petroleum and
other products are heated under
controlled conditions and broken
down into smaller molecules
called monomers.
• These monomers are the building
blocks for polymers.
• Different combinations of
monomers produce plastic resins
with different characteristics, such
as strength or molding capability.
4. PLASTICS AND THEIR USE IN
CONSTRUCTION(CONTD..,)
• The vast majority of monomers used to make plastics, such as
ethylene and propylene, are derived from fossil hydrocarbons.
• Plastics are typically divided into thermoplastics that can be
remolded into new products after their initial use and thermosets
that can be melted and shaped only once.
• Other classifications may be made on the basis of the chemical
structure of plastics, their physical properties or the chemical
process required for their manufacturing.
5. PLASTICS AND THEIR USE IN
CONSTRUCTION(CONTD..,)
• Plastics are light, versatile and usually cheap
to purchase.
• Plastics can be made from fossil or non-fossil
raw materials.
• Both fossil and non-fossil plastics may be
biodegradable.
6. Production and use of plastics.
• Approximately 8,300 Mt of virgin
plastics have been produced to
date.
• This amount mainly consists of
polyethylene (PE), polypropylene
(PP), polyvinylchloride (PVC),
polyethylene terephthalate
(PET), polyurethane (PU),
polystyrene (PS), and polyester
(PES). It is estimated that some
30% of this material stock is
currently in use.
• About 60% of all plastics
produced have been discarded
and are accumulating in landfills
and in natural environment.
• The rest has been incinerated or
recycled
7. Production and use of plastics
(Contd..,)
• Approximately 42% of all non-fibre
plastics have been used for
packaging.
• The building and construction sector
is the next largest consumer,
accounting for 19% of all non fibre
plastics.
• With regard to some plastic types,
construction uses the majority of all
production.
• For example, 69% of all PVC is used
in construction. In addition, PEs, PPs,
PS-E (polystyrene expandable) and
polyurethane are typical plastics
used in buildings
8. Production and use of plastics
(Contd..,)
• Plastics are used in building products
and materials, such as insulation
products, products of damp proofing,
floorings, and roofing, windows, and
laminated surfaces of kitchen and
other fitments.
• Buildings also include several building
service installations and devices that
contain plastics are made of plastics,
such as pipes.
• In addition to the plastics found in
construction products, the product
packaging often contain plastics.
• Plastics are also used during
construction as different kinds of
covers, and in tarpaulins.
9. Production and use of plastics
(Contd..,)
• In addition, paints, varnishes,
waxes, and glues often have
plastics in them.
• Furthermore, plastics are
commonly used in furniture (e.g.
cushions, textiles, glues, surface
treatments) and in white goods
(refrigerators, washing machines,
kitchen appliances, media devices
etc.).
• All these add to the total sum of
plastics used in the construction
sector and in buildings.
10. Benefits and Concerns Associated With
the use of Plastics
• Plastics have many advantageous properties that are essential for modern
construction technology.
• They may be light in weight and offer good durability in suitable environments.
• Plastics help to achieve good thermal, moisture and gas insulation performance,
which offer benefits for improving the building physical performance.
• Their electric insulation properties and fire resistance make plastics important for
the production of electric appliances.
• During construction and renovation processes, plastic tarpaulins and temporary
covers help to protect the construction from exposure to weather and dirt.
11. Uses of plastics in facade panels
• Sandwich panels covering with PVC (polyvinyl Chloride), plasticized
plates and polyurethane foams.
• Sandwich panels - asbestos cement covering and polyurethane foam
core
• Sandwich panel – polystyrene foam core and various coverings
• Sandwich panel – covering with polyester laminated sheet and
polyurethane foam core
• Sandwich panel – Enameled iron covering and polyurethane foam
core.
• Sandwich panel – covering with polyester laminated sheet glued to
asbestos cement and polyesterene foam core.
12. Uses of plastics in Exterior covering
• Polyester coated concrete by
moulding from an existing plates.
• Sprayed polyurethane with sand
and gravel agglomeration.
• Epoxy resins and polyesters on
various supporting media
• PVC plasticized plates (spraying,
coating or adhesive films)
• Polyester epidermis available as
permanent shuttering
13. Uses of plastics in Weather Boarding
• Polyester
• PVC
• Polymethyl methacrylate
14. Windows
• PVC casing on metal moulding
• Polyester laminated sheet on
wooden moulding
• PVC – chlorinated polyethylene
compound
• Methyl polymethacrylate
• Polyester glass fibre and
phenolic foam core
• PVC/ wood
16. Uses of Plastics in Interior Covering
a) Wall Lining
• Adhering films – vinyl coated fabrics or paper vinyl sheet doubling
on fabric or paper etc.
• Sprayed lining polyurethane
• Laminate - Melamine and phenolic plastics – polyester
• Wall tiles – polystyrene, PVC – tiles or mosaic
• Coating – polyvinyl acetate
17. Uses of Plastics in Interior Covering
• b) Floor Covering
• Asbestos plastic slabs (asphalt tile type)
• Vinyl asbestos slabs
• Homogeneous semi-flexible vinyl slabs
• Flexible, homogeneous or multi-layered vinyl slabs.
• Homogeneous vinyl carpets (a) stuck, (b) laid
• Vinyl carpets on felt (applied or coating)
• Multi-layered coating with cellular structure on fabrics
• Multi layered coating on cork structure
• Vinyl carpets on jute cloth.
• Thermosetting resin based covering
• Rubber covering
• Synthetic fibre tensile covering (polyamides, viscose etc.)
18. Ceilings and Counter Ceilings
• Translucent – polyester, PVC,
polyamides, polyurethanes
• Opaque, extruded polystyrene
or vinyl copolymers, impact
type polystyrene
• Lighting – PVC,
polymethylmethacrylate
19. Uses of Plastics in Roof Coverings
• Flat or corrugated sheets –
polyester, PVC,
polymethylmethacrylate
• Curved sheets – reinforced polymer
• Domes – polyester,
polymethylmethacrylate
• Casements –
polymethylmethacrylate, reinforced
polyester
• Troughs – class / polyester
• Gutters – Rigid PVC polyester
• Downpipes – PVC
20. Roof Tightness
• Polybutylene with or without glass cloth
armature
• Butyl rubber
• Multilayered bitumen with PVC film screens
and armatures
• PVC sheets
• Welded polyester
23. Other Uses of Plastics in Buildings
• Some noteworthy trends in use of plastics are given below:Concrete and
mortar with thermosetting resin bending agents
• Thermoplastic and thermosetting resin covering applicable to facades and
concrete epidermis
• New roof covering and roof tightening materials (accessory covering
materials, tightness network), easy to place and standing up well to
normal to wear
• Large foam component units and new shaping techniques
• Developing techniques for quick shaping of plastic into large components
• Assembling and fixing processes more suitable for plastics
• New developments in sanitary equipment and piping, applying
thermoplastic and thermosetting resins.
• New developments in the way of shuttering and of elements in permanent
shuttering
24. Uses of Plastics in Building
Construction
No
Plastic Material
Uses
Form in which
it is commonly
used
Normal colour
1
Expanded
polystyrene
Thermal
insulation
Thin sheets in
slabs 12mm
thick
White
2
Expanded polyvinyl
chloride (PVC)
Thermal
insulation
Boards 20 to
50 mm thick
Yellow brown
3
Foamed urea
formaldehyde
Thermal
insulation
Foamed in situ White
4
Foamed phenol
formaldehyde
Thermal
insulation
Sheets and
blocks
Deep red
5
Foamed
polyurethane
Thermal
insulation
Sheets and
blocks or
foamed in situ
Brown
25. Uses of Plastics in Building
Construction(contd..,)
No
Plastic Material
Uses
Form in which it
is commonly used
Normal
colour
6 Expanded ebonite Thermal insulation Sheets
Brown or
black
7 Polythene
Damp-proofing,
plumbing
Thin sheets,
pipes, cisterns
Transparent
to black
8 Polypropylene
Domestic drainage,
but water overflow
tanks
9 Unplasticised PVC
Rainwater goods,
ventilation, ducts,
pipes of water mains
10 Acrylic resins Sinks and baths Various
26. Uses of Plastics in Building
Construction(contd..,)
No
Plastic Material
Uses
Form in which it
is commonly used
Normal
colour
11 Nylon
Cold water fittings,
window furniture
Various
12 Phenolic resins
Adhesives for
laminates
Dark
13 Melamine Laminates Sheets Many
27. Properties of Plastics as a
Construction Material
• Each plastic material has its own peculiar
properties to suit its particular uses.
• The success of plastic as an engineering
material will depends up on the selection of
variety of plastic.
Following are the general properties of plastic.
• Appearance
• Chemical resistance
• Dimensional stability
• Ductility
• Durability
• Electric insulation
• Finishing
• Fire resistance
• Fixing
• Humidity
• Maintenance
• Melting point
• Optical property
• Recycling
• Sound absorption
• Strength
• Thermal property
• Weather resistance
• Weight
28. 1.Appearance of Plastics
• In the market there are so many types of
models of plastics are available such as
transparent, colored etc. suitable pigments
are added in the process of manufacturing of
plastic material to get these different
properties. So, these will give good
appearance to the structure and makes it
attractive.
29. 2.Chemical Resistance of Plastics
• Plastics offer great resistance against
chemicals and solvents. Chemical composition
of plastics during manufacturing will decide
the degree of chemical resistance. Most of the
plastics available in the market offer great
corrosion resistance. So, corrosive metals are
replaced by plastic in the case of water
carrying pipes, etc.
30. 3.Dimensional Stability
• Thermo-plastic types of plastics can be easily
reshaped and reused. But in the case of
thermo-setting type plastics, it is not possible
to reshape or remold the material.
31. 4.Ductility of Plastics
• Ductile nature of plastic is very low. When
tensile stress are acting on plastic member
they may fail without any prior indication.
32. 5.Durability of Plastics
• Plastics with sufficient surface hardness are
having good durability. Sometimes, plastics
may affected by termites and rodents
especially in the case of thermo-plastic types,
however it is not a serious problem because of
no nutrition values in plastic.
33. 6.Electric Insulation
• Plastics are good electric insulators. So they
are used as linings for electric cables and for
electronics tools.
34. 7.Finishing
• Any type of finishing treatment van be given
to the plastics. Mass production of plastic
particles with uniformity of surface finish is
done by having technical control during
manufacturing.
35. 8.Fire Resistance
• The resistance to temperature or fire for
varieties of plastics considerably varies
depending upon the structure. Plastics made
of cellulose acetate are burnt slowly. PVC
made plastics do not catch fire easily. Plastics
made of phenol formaldehyde and urea
formaldehyde are fire proof materials.
36. 9.Fixing
• Fixing of plastic materials is so easy. We can
bolt, drill or glued to fix plastic material
position.
37. 10.Humidity
• The plastics made up of cellulosic materials
are affected by the presence of moisture. The
plastics made of poly vinyl chloride (PVC
pipes) offers great resistance against moisture.
39. 12.Melting Point
• Generally plastics have very low melting point.
Some plastics may melt at just 50oC. So, they
cannot be used in the positions of high
temperature. Thermo setting type of plastics
are having high melting point than thermo
plastic type plastics. However, thermo setting
types are cannot used for recycling. To
improve the heat resistance of the plastics,
glass fiber reinforcement is provided in its
structure.
40. 13.Optical Property
• There are so many types of plastics. Some
plastics are transparent which allows light in
its original direction and some are translucent
nothing but semi-transparent which allows
light but changes light rays direction.
41. 14.Recycling of Plastics
• Disposal of plastics in the environment causes
severe pollution. But it is not a serious
problem because of its recycling property. We
can use plastic waste disposal conveniently to
produce drainage pipes, fencing, hand rails,
carpets, benches etc.
42. 15.Sound Absorption
• By the saturation of phenolic resins we can
produce acoustic boards. These acoustic
boards are sound absorbents and provide
sound insulation. Generally for theatres,
seminar halls this type of acoustic ceilings are
used.
43. 16. Strength
• Practically we can say that plastic is strong
material but ideal section of plastic which is
useful for structural component is not designed
yet. Generally by reinforcing fibrous material into
plastic improves its strength. If the strength to
weight ratio of plastic is same as metals, then
also we cannot give preference to plastics
because of various reasons like, heavy cost, creep
failure may occur, poor stiffness and sensitive
against temperature.
44. 17.Thermal Property
• The thermal conductivity of plastics is very
low and is similar to wood. So, foamed and
expanded plastics are used as thermal
insulators.
45. 18. Weather Resistance
• Most of the plastics except some
limited varieties are capable of
resistance against weathering.
But, major problem is plastics
when the plastics are exposed to
sunlight, they are seriously
affected by ultra violet rays and
gets brittle. To prevent this,
plastics are incorporated by fillers
and pigments which helps to
absorb or reflect the UV rays to
surface.
46. 19.Weight of Plastics
• The Plastics have low specific gravity generally
ranges from 1.3 to 1.4. So they are light in
weight and easily transportable to any place in
a large quantity.