Mise-en-scene refers to everything within the frame of a film that is used to tell the story. It includes elements like color, costume, props, sets or locations, blocking/performance, and lighting. Color, costume, and props are all used to provide context about characters and places. The set or location aims to make the scene feel authentic. Blocking positions actors and lighting creates mood through effects like low-key lighting for horror. Together these elements manipulate what the audience sees and how they interpret it.

1. Mise-En-Scene
Colour – Colour is used to give extra details about a place or
character. Certain colours have certain connotations which can be
used to influence your view of something. E.g. Black has
connotations of death and evil and darkness.
Costume – Costume can create identity and personality for a
character. It forms cultural code which the audience can identify
where a character is from. E.g. A well-tailored suit can shows wealth.
Props – Props are used within the frame either to dress the set or
used by the characters. They can have symbolic significance,
expressing mood, character traits etc.
Set/ Location – A set is made in a studio and is built to fit the
scene. Location is about leaving the studio and filming in already
existing locations that would be suitable to fit the scene. Where ever
it has been filmed in it has been dressed appropriately to fit the film
e.g. Brad Pitt spent 2 weeks in Glasgow which was dressed (made) to
look like Philadelphia.
Blocking and Performance – Blocking is the positioning and
movement of actors within the frame. You can often tell who is
important within the frame by where someone is positioned.
Performance covers all aspects of of the acting such as gestures,
accent, expressions etc.
Lighting – Lighting creates effects which give the audience a sense
of emotion e.g. low key lighting is often used in horror films to create
the sense of mystery and danger.