I Zaheer Magsi Student of Institute of International Relations Created my assignment over topic of Communism InshaAllah u will find everything regarding communism and kindly correct me if I'm incorrect.
Basically it was only a theory which was just imagined by Karl Marx and he imagined such a society where there was only justice and equality.
1. COMMUNISM
By : Zaheer Ahmed
Roll No: IR-0121-056
Class: BS-III
Department: International Relations
2. COMMUNISM
Definition.
Communism word is derived from the Latin word communis, means “shared” or
“common”
Communism is a form of government most closely associated with the ideas of Karl
Marx, which he outlined in The Communist Manifesto.
Communism is based on the goal of eliminating socioeconomic class struggles by
creating a classless society,where there is no difference between the rich and the poor in
which everyone shares the benefits of labor and the state controls all property and wealth.
3. Ideology of Karl Marx
The father of communism is Karl Marx.
He was a German Philosopher
He wrote Communist manifesto in 1848.
He grew up in an era when industrial revolution just begun
The labours in the industry worked in very bad conditions
The labours were paid very low amount in return and all the
profit would given to the factory owners.
Karl marx imagined such a theory where there are no
differences between the rich and the poor.
He imagined Utopia which is perfect society that doesnot exist
in reality
He named this Utopia COMMUNISM
4. Communist manifesto
Karl Marx said workers together can overthrow the monarchy
He wrote such a society will be built where the means of
production (factories ,farms) shall not be owned by a single
owner but rather the entire public .
According to this communist manifesto there will not be any
class or discrimination between the rich and the poor on the
basis of race,religion.
Free education & healthcare would be provided
No inherited wealth
No private ownership
5. Practical implementation of communismof Communism
Karl Marx only GAVE THE THEORY OF COMMUNISM
Practicaly communism was implemented after Russian revolution of 1917.
In Russia communist workers overthrew the russian monarch ,czar
The follower of karl marx lenin took revolutionary steps as a communist leader
Human rights were recognized for labours
The working hours were reduced from 14 hours to 8 hours per day and only 5
days in a week.
Women were introduced to education
The land was taken away from rich landowners and distributed among the
farmers
The factories were nationalised, means they were taken under control of the
government
6. Lenin Reforms
Lenin banned all the political parties
Established one-party state
Such state where it was not allowed to criticise
the Communism
A secret police used to spy on the people
If anyone criticised the government ,he was put
In jail.
It was called soviet communism
In 1924 Lenin passed away
7. Joseph Stalin’s Reforms
Joseph Stalin implemented his own ideas
Stalin’s ideologies were the farther from
Marxist ideology
He increased output of factories
He increased the labour working hours
Again labours started working in bad
conditions and were paid same amount.
8. Origin of Communism
Like most writers of the 19th century, Marx tended to use the terms communism and socialism interchangeably. In his
Critique of the Gotha Programme (1875), however, Marx identified two phases of communism that would follow the
predicted overthrow of capitalism: the first would be a transitional system in which the working class would control the
government and economy yet still find it necessary to pay people according to how long, hard, or well they worked, and
the second would be fully realized communism—a society without class divisions or government, in which the
production and distribution of goods would be based upon the principle “From each according to his ability, to each
according to his needs.” Marx’s followers, especially the Russian revolutionary Vladimir Ilich Lenin, took up this
distinction.
9. Plato's Theory of Communism
what is Communism ?
Communism is Rejection of Private ownership and Support for common ownership
• Communism proposed by Plato
1.Communism of Property
2.Communism of wives, family
1.Plato's Communism of Property
• Plato said that there should be no private property for Guardian class. They will keep
minimum goods for their day-to-day use and whatever goods they keep, would be shared
by all. They will live together and eat from a common Kitchen.
2.Plato's Communism of wives & family
Guardian class will not have any private families. This class will be isolated from
ordinary population & enter into group marriage and become each other's common
husband and wives.
10. Beliefs of Communism
The rich ,get richer
The poor, get poorer
They wanted to bring about equality
They wanted all the people to access wealth, equality, basic needs and
that it would also bring about security for all
11. Successful ideas of communism
1. The first idea was
classless society
No class difference
No religious difference
No castism
12. 2. Second idea was
No inheritance
( NO private property or inherited
wealth, karl marx.)
14. Failures of Communism
• Gorbachev’s decision to allow election with a multi party
system
• Force everyone to be equal
• Equal salary to everyone and work on ability
• No competative thinkings as an individual don’t have to
work for himself to be upper than others