This study examined the prevalence of microvascular complications in 90 newly diagnosed diabetes patients in Assam, India over one year. The most common complication was distal symmetrical sensory neuropathy (56.66%), followed by nephropathy (36.66%) and retinopathy (20%). Neuropathy was also the most common isolated complication (23.33%). Comorbidities like hypertension and higher BMI significantly increased the prevalence of microvascular complications. The study concludes that microvascular complications are already significantly prevalent at the time of initial diabetes diagnosis, so early detection and management of risk factors like comorbidities are important for control.

1. A STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH NEWLY DETECTED DIABETES MELLITUSDr. Tanoy BoseLaskar B, Bora w rejaMd, Dutta aAssam Medical College Dibrugarh

2. Introduction:The Devastating Trio: ◙ Neuropathy ◙ Nephropathy ◙ Retinopathy↑ Glucose + ↓ Insulin: The driving forcesHtn, Obesity, Dyslipidemia, Smoking: AcceleratorsDespite good long-term glycemic and BP control, diabetes remains a major cause of blindness, renal failure and amputations, all of which result in significant health care expenditure.

3. Objective: Determine the prevalence of microvascular complications in patients with newly diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus.

4. Inclusion Criteria:Age ≥ 12 yearsNewly detected DM diagnosed within preceding 6 mnths attending the Diabetic clinicExclusion Criteria:Pregnancy

5. Hepatic disorders, CKD, Acute infections, Trauma, Burns, AMI, Malignancy, Leprosy, Diphtheria, B1B6B12 deficiency

6. Conditions altering urinary albumin excretion e.g UTI, CHF, Drugs

7. Drugs altering OGTT e.g Steroids, Quinine, OCP, Salicylates etc.

8. Drugs causing Neuropathy, Nephropathy or Retinopathy.Methodology:Diabetic clinic of Assam Medical CollegeOne year study period (Aug ‘07 – July ‘08)Serial Sampling ( Total 90 cases )Diagnosis of DM by ADA 2006 criteriaScreened for microvascular complications with direct ophthalmoscopy, Urinalysis, Micral test, Bioaesthesiometry for vibration & Semmes-Weinstein monofilament (10g) for pressure.

9. Summary of Results: [n=90]95.56% cases = Type 2 DMMean age of detection of DM = 45.21yMC complication: Distal Sym Sensory Per Neuropathy ( 56.66%) f/b Nephropathy (36.66%) & Retinopathy (20%)MC isolated complication: Neuropathy (23.33%)Prevalence of Triopathy : 15.55%90.9% were asymptomatic for nephropathy as were 70.58% for neuropathy.

10. Summary of Results continued:[n=90]Aged ≥ 50 years78.12% of neuropathy cases50% of nephropathy cases37.5 % of retinopathy casesComorbidities: [Out of 54 Htnsives ( 60%) ]61.11% had neuropathy (vs 47.22% in normo)38.88% had retinopathy (vs 11.11% in normo)37.03% had nephropathy (vs 11.11% in normo)Comorbidities: [BMI]84.6% had neuropathy among cases with BMI≥25 vs 43.47% among those with BMI ≤24.9.