respiratory failure

1. Meningitis

4. CLASSIFICATION
 Pyogenic or bacterial meningitis.
 Tuberculous meningitis.
 Aseptic meningitis caused by virus, fungus or protozoa.

6.  It may develop following injury & penetrating
wound.
 Diagnostic procedures & surgical intervention may
causes the infection.
 Immunodeficiency state also can caue this infections.
 High – risk neonates are vulnerable to neonatal
meningitis.

7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Infection from any part of the body like nasophaarynx
Organisms invade surrounding blood vessels
Through blood organisms enter cerebrospinal fluid
Infection spreads through subarachnoid space
Inflammatory process begins

8. Increase in cerebrospinal fluid exudation in ventricles
Interference in CSF flow through ventricular aqueduct
Thrombophlebitis of cerebral vessels
Infection of cerebral cortex, cerebral damage & cranial
nerves may be affected

13.  https://youtu.be/tN6bbPOFAg8
 https://youtu.be/6C46YEKbLs8

15.  Cobweb formation in CSF ( when kept in test tube
for 12 hrs) are dependable information to diagnose
TBM.

17. MANAGEMENT
Antitubercular drugs should be given for 12 months.
Initially four drugs are given with INH (Isoniazid),
rifampicin, Pyrazinamid & ethambutol or streptomycin
for two months.
Then in continuation phase three drugs are given with
INH, rifamopicin & ethambutol for 10 months.

18.  Parental corticosteroid therapy with dexamethasone for
one to two weeks is useful to reduce cerebral edema.
 Afterwards oral steroids should be continued with
prednisolone for 6 to 8 weeks & then gradual tapered off.
 Mannitol to reduce increased ICP.
 Diazepam, Phenobarbitone to control convulsion.
 IV fluid therapy to maintain fluid electrolyte balance.