1. Medorrhinum is a nosode prepared from diseased tissues that indicates suppressed emotions, gonorrhea, and sycotic miasm.
2. It has repulsive, dark discharges and lesions with an unusual morphology. Symptoms are aggravated in clear weather and better in damp weather.
3. A case example is given of a horn-like wart that disappeared in 3 months with a single dose of Medorrhinum 200 after not responding to the indicated remedy.
This is a presentation on a homoeopathic drug which is a sterilized and potentized product of one of those deadly acute diseases which Dr. swan recognized as basic to all chronic disease.
Alumina Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salveDr.hansraj salve
Alumina Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salveLearn whole homoeopathic Materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve click on the linkTo start study Or For daily new drug update visit to our Website – hmmslideshow.esy.es
Understanding Natrum group with elaboration of Natrum Muriaticum personality from Homoeopathic Materia Medica
By Dr. Namrata Bosamia Surati B.H.M.S., M. D. (HOM.)
The power point presentation discusses here the drug picture of Pulsatilla Nigricans with emphasis on its mental generals. Pulsatilla has been compared with Chamomilla, Bryonia, Kali sulph, Cyclamen and Natrum mur with regards to its mental and physical generals.The respective source has been provided alongside the symptoms to enhance its authenticity.
This is a presentation on a homoeopathic drug which is a sterilized and potentized product of one of those deadly acute diseases which Dr. swan recognized as basic to all chronic disease.
Alumina Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salveDr.hansraj salve
Alumina Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salveLearn whole homoeopathic Materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve click on the linkTo start study Or For daily new drug update visit to our Website – hmmslideshow.esy.es
Understanding Natrum group with elaboration of Natrum Muriaticum personality from Homoeopathic Materia Medica
By Dr. Namrata Bosamia Surati B.H.M.S., M. D. (HOM.)
The power point presentation discusses here the drug picture of Pulsatilla Nigricans with emphasis on its mental generals. Pulsatilla has been compared with Chamomilla, Bryonia, Kali sulph, Cyclamen and Natrum mur with regards to its mental and physical generals.The respective source has been provided alongside the symptoms to enhance its authenticity.
Gelsemium Homeopathic Materia Medica Slide Show Presentation by Dr.Hansraj SalveDr.hansraj salve
Gelsemium is a king of paralytic remedies. Watch this slide show presentation to learn more
Gelsemium.
Yellow Jasmine. (Loganiaceae)
For children, young people, especially women of a nervous, hysterical temperament (Croc., Ign.). Complete relaxation and prostration of whole muscular system with entire motor paralysis. Excitable, irritable, sensitive; for the nervous affections of onanists of both sexes (Kali p.). Bad effects from fright, fear, exciting news and sudden motions (Ign. - from pleasant surprise, Coff.). Fear of death (Ars.); utter lack of courage. The anticipation of any unusual ordeal, preparing for church, theatre, or to meet an engagement, brings on diarrhoea; stage fright, nervous dread of appearing in public (Arg. n.). General depression from heat of sun or summer. Weakness and trembling; of tongue, hands, legs; of the entire body. Desire to be quiet, to be let alone; does not wish to speak or have any one near her, even if the person be silent (Ign.). Vertigo, spreading from the occiput (Sil.); with diplopia, dim vision, loss of sight; seems intoxicated when trying to move. Children; fear of falling, grasp the crib or seize the nurse (Bor., Sanic.). Headache; preceded by blindness (Kali bi.), > by profuse urination. Lack of muscular co-ordination; confused; muscles refuse to obey the will. Headache: beginning in the cervical spine; pains extend over head, causing bursting sensation in forehead and eyeballs (Sang., Sil., begins in the same way, but semi-lateral); < by mental exertion; from smoking; heat of sun; lying with head low. Sensation of band around the head above eyes (Carb. ac., Sulph.); scalp sore to touch. Fears that unless on the move heart will cease beating (fears it would cease beating if she moved, Dig.). Slow pulse of old age. Great heaviness of the eyelids; cannot keep them open (Caust., Graph., Sep.). Chill without thirst, especially along spine, running up and down the back in rapid, wave-like succession from sacrum to occiput.
Relations. - Compare: Bap. in threatening typhoid fever; Ipecac. in dumb ague, after suppression by quinine.
Aggravation. - Damp weather; before a thunderstorm; mental emotion or excitement; bad news; tobacco smoking; when thinking of his ailments; when spoken to of his loss.
for more tutorial visit our website - hmmslideshow.esy.es
Arsenicum album Homeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Han...Dr.hansraj salve
Arsenicum album Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve. Learn whole homeopathic materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve click on the link To start study and For daily new drug update visit to our Website http://hmmslideshow.esy.es
Agnus castus Homeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj...Dr.hansraj salve
Agnus castus Homeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve Learn whole homeopathic Materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve. For daily new update about new drug visit to our Website –hmmslideshow.esy.es
Agricus muscaris Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Ha...Dr.hansraj salve
Agricus muscarius Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve.Learn whole homoeopathic Materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve.
For daily new drug update visit to our Website – hmmslideshow.esy.es
silicea terra
It is one of the tissue salt
One of the 12 tissue remedy of Schuesslar.
Great polycrest remedy.
It is deep acting remedy but acts slowly.
It can reach to that sphere of man where surgeon’s knife cannot reach so, it is also called as “SURGEON’S KNIFE”.
Silicea is said to be useful for individuals who are nervous, irritable or have a sanguine temperament.
silica is often used to treat symptoms of chronic diseases where there is general weakness and a lack of either physical or emotional strength.
PATHOGENESIS
Pus-forming remedy.
Should not be give to patient whom there is a deposit of tubercular focus in lungs.
Inflammation and suppuration of tissues.
Every little injury suppurates.
AURUM METALLICUM Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.H...Dr.hansraj salve
AURUM METALLICUM Homeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve. Learn whole homeopathic Materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve click on the linkTo start study and For daily new drug update visit to our Website - hmmslideshow.esy.es
Gelsemium Homeopathic Materia Medica Slide Show Presentation by Dr.Hansraj SalveDr.hansraj salve
Gelsemium is a king of paralytic remedies. Watch this slide show presentation to learn more
Gelsemium.
Yellow Jasmine. (Loganiaceae)
For children, young people, especially women of a nervous, hysterical temperament (Croc., Ign.). Complete relaxation and prostration of whole muscular system with entire motor paralysis. Excitable, irritable, sensitive; for the nervous affections of onanists of both sexes (Kali p.). Bad effects from fright, fear, exciting news and sudden motions (Ign. - from pleasant surprise, Coff.). Fear of death (Ars.); utter lack of courage. The anticipation of any unusual ordeal, preparing for church, theatre, or to meet an engagement, brings on diarrhoea; stage fright, nervous dread of appearing in public (Arg. n.). General depression from heat of sun or summer. Weakness and trembling; of tongue, hands, legs; of the entire body. Desire to be quiet, to be let alone; does not wish to speak or have any one near her, even if the person be silent (Ign.). Vertigo, spreading from the occiput (Sil.); with diplopia, dim vision, loss of sight; seems intoxicated when trying to move. Children; fear of falling, grasp the crib or seize the nurse (Bor., Sanic.). Headache; preceded by blindness (Kali bi.), > by profuse urination. Lack of muscular co-ordination; confused; muscles refuse to obey the will. Headache: beginning in the cervical spine; pains extend over head, causing bursting sensation in forehead and eyeballs (Sang., Sil., begins in the same way, but semi-lateral); < by mental exertion; from smoking; heat of sun; lying with head low. Sensation of band around the head above eyes (Carb. ac., Sulph.); scalp sore to touch. Fears that unless on the move heart will cease beating (fears it would cease beating if she moved, Dig.). Slow pulse of old age. Great heaviness of the eyelids; cannot keep them open (Caust., Graph., Sep.). Chill without thirst, especially along spine, running up and down the back in rapid, wave-like succession from sacrum to occiput.
Relations. - Compare: Bap. in threatening typhoid fever; Ipecac. in dumb ague, after suppression by quinine.
Aggravation. - Damp weather; before a thunderstorm; mental emotion or excitement; bad news; tobacco smoking; when thinking of his ailments; when spoken to of his loss.
for more tutorial visit our website - hmmslideshow.esy.es
Arsenicum album Homeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Han...Dr.hansraj salve
Arsenicum album Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve. Learn whole homeopathic materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve click on the link To start study and For daily new drug update visit to our Website http://hmmslideshow.esy.es
Agnus castus Homeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj...Dr.hansraj salve
Agnus castus Homeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve Learn whole homeopathic Materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve. For daily new update about new drug visit to our Website –hmmslideshow.esy.es
Agricus muscaris Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Ha...Dr.hansraj salve
Agricus muscarius Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve.Learn whole homoeopathic Materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve.
For daily new drug update visit to our Website – hmmslideshow.esy.es
silicea terra
It is one of the tissue salt
One of the 12 tissue remedy of Schuesslar.
Great polycrest remedy.
It is deep acting remedy but acts slowly.
It can reach to that sphere of man where surgeon’s knife cannot reach so, it is also called as “SURGEON’S KNIFE”.
Silicea is said to be useful for individuals who are nervous, irritable or have a sanguine temperament.
silica is often used to treat symptoms of chronic diseases where there is general weakness and a lack of either physical or emotional strength.
PATHOGENESIS
Pus-forming remedy.
Should not be give to patient whom there is a deposit of tubercular focus in lungs.
Inflammation and suppuration of tissues.
Every little injury suppurates.
AURUM METALLICUM Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.H...Dr.hansraj salve
AURUM METALLICUM Homeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve. Learn whole homeopathic Materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve click on the linkTo start study and For daily new drug update visit to our Website - hmmslideshow.esy.es
Description of all drug details regarding the study of Homoeopathic Materia Medica along with common name, family, habitat, part used, preparation, constituents, sphere of action, causations, symptomtology, comparative study and applied materia medica,
Ambra grisea Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansra...Dr.hansraj salve
Ambra grisea Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation by Dr.Hansraj salve Learn whole homoeopathic materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve click on the link To start study And For daily new drug update visit to our Website - hmmslideshow.esy.es
Anacardium orientale HOMOEOPATHIC MATERIA MEDICA SLIDE SHOW PRESENTATION BY...Dr.hansraj salve
Anacardium orientale Homoeopathic materia medica slide show presentation By Dr.Hansraj salve. Learn whole homoeopathic materia medica in new style with Dr.hansraj salve click on the link To start study And for daily new drug update visit to our Website - hmmslideshow.esy.es
Abuse, Trauma, and Torture - Their Consequences and EffectsSam Vaknin
The effects on victims and survivors of traumatic experiences, long-term and repeated abuse, and torture. Includes in-depth profile of the Narcissistic Abuser and hundreds of links to literature and resources.
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Hot Selling Organic intermediates
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Medorrhinum and its utility in management of skin (2)
1. MEDORRHINUM :
DR VANITA JOHARI
MD (HOM), MSC (COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY)
PROF & HOD, DEPARTMENT OF HOMOEOPATHIC
MATERIA MEDICA.
SMT CHANDABEN MOHANBHAI PATEL
HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE, MUMBAI.
2. WHAT ARE NOSODES ???
MEANING: The term ‘nosode’ is derived
from Greek word “nosos” which is a prefix
that indicates a disease and morbid root as
compared to the Latin word NOXA which
means damage
DEFINITION: Homoeopathic preparations
from diseased tissue and clinical materials (
secretions and discharges) of human
beings, animals and plants.
3. INDICATIONS FOR USE OF NOSODES
SYMPTOM SIMILARITY
SECOND PRESCRIPTION TO ENHANCE ACTION
OF FIRST PRESCRIPTION
INTERCURRENT REMEDY
OPEN AN UNCLEAR CASE
COMPLEMENTARY REMEDY
MAIZE OF SYMPTOMS
NEVER WELL SINCE.,
STRONG FAMILY HISTORY
PAST UNSYSTEMATIC UNSUCCESSFUL
TREATMENTS
WHEN WELL INDICATED REMEDY FAILS
4. CASE 1 – HORN LIKE WART
Personality like that of
typical Lycopodium
Did not respond ?
Based on unnatural
appearance and ugly
look of the lesion…
Medorrhinum 200 OD
was prescribed
Horn like wart
disappeared in 3
months time
5. CONSTITUTION
For the constitutional effects of mal-treated
and suppressed gonorrhoea,
For persons suffering from gout,
rheumatism, neuralgia and diseases of the
spinal cord and its membranes - even
organic lesions ending in paralysis - which
can be traced to a sycotic origin.
For women, with chronic ovaritis,
salpingitis, pelvic cellulitis, fibroids, cysts,
Children, pale, rachitic; dwarfed and
stunted in growth (Bar. c.); mentally, dull
and weak.
7. PHYSICAL GENERALS
SHORT AND DARK CONSTITUTION
TENDENCY TO GROWTH
OFFENSIVE DISCHARGES
GREENISH, DARK, PITCH-LIKE, INDELIBLE
AGGRAVATION CLEAR FINE WEATHER (
ACON, CAUST, NUX VOMICA)
HEAT AND SUN AGGRAVATES
BETTER DAMP WEATHER
COMPLAINTS MORE DURING DAY TIME
CRAVINGS – SWEET-SOUR, FRUITS
8. CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
Most of the skin diseases are
psychosomatic causes
Vital force protects vital organs from getting
the brunt of stress
Diseases are manifested on skin
Hence, we have to probe into the mind for
understanding the underlying stress
9. 1. CHARACTERISTIC LOOK OF THE SKIN
The look of the
skin may be
REPULSIVE
UGLY
HORRIBLE
10. 2. MORPHOLOGICAL APPEARANCE
OF THE LESION DOES NOT
RESEMBLE THE ORIGINAL LOOK OF
THE DISEASE
Warts
Psoriasis
Eczema
Acanthosis nigricans
Lichen planus
Seborrhea
11. 3. REPULSIVE ODOUR
REPULSIVE
FISH BRINE ODOUR
FROM ALL
DISCHARGES
PERSPIRATION
STOOLS
LEUCORRHOEA
MENSES
URINATION…..
12.
13. 4. ADULTS LOVE RAINS
Adults love rains
Better at sea
Asthama
Arthritis
Skin – fungal
infections
14. 5. BELOW THE BELT !!
Affection for uterus
External gentalia
Ovaries
Prostate gland
Rectum
Lower extremities
15. 6. PIGMENT DISORDERS
Post inflammatory
hyperpigmentation
Dark circles under
eyes
Sun allergy
Melasma
Freckles
Acne vulgaris
16. WEAKNESS OF MEMORY
Cannot remember names, words or
initial letters; has to ask name of most
intimate fried; even forgets his own
name.
Cannot spell correctly; wonders how a
well-known name is spelled.
Constantly loses the thread of
conversation.
Great difficulty in stating her symptoms,
question has to be repeated as she loses
herself.
Cannot speak without weeping.
17. ANXIOUS DREADFUL
Anticipates death; always
anticipating, Wild desperate feeling
as if incipient insanity. starts at the
least sound.
FEAR OF THE DARK.
Anxiety about her salvation.
Clairvoyance feels matters most
sensitively before they occur and
generally correctly.
Irritated at trifles; cross during the
day, exhilarated at night.
18. NO SENSE OF TIME
Time passes too slowly (Alum., Arg.
n., Can. I.).
Is in a great hurry; when doing
anything is in such a hurry she gets
fatigued.
Very impatient; peevish.
Many symptoms are < when thinking
of them (pains return as soon as he
thinks about them, Ox. ac.).
19. MIND….
Thinks some one is behind her;
hears whispering.
Sees faces that peer at her from
behind the furniture (PHOS.).
Changeable state of mind; one
moment sad, the next mirthful.
Can sleep only on the back with
hands over head. Sleeps on her
knees with face forced into the
pillow.
20. SLEEP
Can sleep only on the
back with hands over
head.
Sleeps on her knees
with face forced into
the pillow.
Terrible dreams of
ghosts and dead
people; she dreads the
nights.
21. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SUPPRESSED EMOTIONS OF
NAT MUR AND MEDORRHINUM
Brooding and over
thinking makes them
positive
Holds back the tears
while narrating
symptoms
Suppressed emotions
lead to depression and
failure
Overpowered by
suppressed emotions
and haunting thoughts
And sadness
Cannot narrate
symptoms without
weeping
Nat mur Medorrhinum
22. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SUPPRESSED
EMOTIONS OF THUJA AND MEDORRHINUM
Patient looks very rich
and clean though has
many out growths
Fixed ideas
Complaints from damp
and cold
Worse in rainy season
Chilly patient
Patient looks very poor
uneducated and dull
Confused
Complaints from supp
emotions
Enjoys rainy season
Hot patient
Thuja Medorrhinum
24. HEAD
Vertigo when stooping; ameliorated lying;
aggravated on motion. Fear of falling.
Wandering neuralgia of head, worse in
cold damp weather. Sharp pains come
and go suddenly
Band across forehead. Pain in occiput
and nape, aggravated on motion.
Intense itching of scalp. Herpetic
eruptions on scalp; ringworm.
Copious dandruff. Hair dry and crispy.
25. ENT
Eyes : Flickering before the eyes. Blurred
vision, and black or brown spots in the
field of vision. Inflammation of conjunctiva
with ulceration of the cornea. Ptosis.
Smarting of lids. Eyelashes fall out.
Ear : Impaired hearing and total deafness.
Imagines he hears voices or people in
conversation. Stitching pains in ears.
Nose : obstinate nasal catarrh, also post
nasal obstruction with loss of smell.
Mucus, white or yellow. Bleeding from the
nose, and bloody nasal discharge. Nose
sensitive to inhaled air. Itching and
crawling in nose.
26. GIT
The teeth are always sensitive when
chewing and the tongue is foul and
white at base.
Ravenous hunger immediately after
eating (Cina, Lyc., Psor.). Constant
thirst, even dreams she is drinking.
Insatiate craving: for liquor, which
before she hated (Asar.); for salt
(Cal., Nat.); sweets (Sulph.); for ale,
ice, acids, oranges, green fruit.
Unquenchable thirst.
Craves stimulants, tobacco, sweets,
green fruit, ice, sour things, oranges,
ale, salt.
27. GIT
Nausea after eating, and after drinking
water. Vomiting without nausea.
Gnawing in stomach, not relieved by
eating or drinking, aggravated by
drawing up the knees.
Diarrhea : Stools: tenacious, clay-like,
sluggish, cannot strain from a sensation
of prolapse of rectum
Constipation. Can pass stool only by
leaning far back when straining at stool,
very painful, as if there was a lump on
posterior surface of sphincter; so painful
as to cause tears.
Oozing of moisture at the anus,
smelling like fish-brine.
28. GUT
Scanty, high-colored, strong-smelling urine
in a patient suffering from rheumatic
lameness and stiffness.
Sever pain (backache) in renal region, > by
profuse urination (Lyc.). Renal colic; intense
pain in ureters, with sensation of passage
of calculus (Berb., Lyc., Ocim. c.); craving
for ice.
Nocturnal enuresis: passes enormous
quantity of ammoniacal, high colored urine
in bed every night; < by over-work or over-
play, extremes of heat or cold, when the
best selected remedy fails; with a history of
sycosis.
29. FEMALE
Menses; profuse, very dark, clotted; stains
difficult to wash out, at climacteric; profuse for
weeks, flow dark clotted, offensive; in gushes,
on moving; with malignant disease of uterus.
Intense menstrual colic, with drawing up of
knees and terrible bearing down labor-like
pains; must press feet against support, as in
labor.
Intensive pruritis of labia and vagina < by
thinking of it.
Breasts and nipples sore and sensitive to
touch. Breasts cold as ice to touch, especially
the nipples, rest of body warm (during
menses).
30. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Asthma: choking caused by a weakness
or spasm of epiglottis; > by lying on face
and protruding tongue.
Dyspnoea and sense of constriction; can
inhale with ease, but no power to exhale
(Samb.).
Cough: dry, incessant, sever; painful, as
if mucous membrane was torn from
larynx; deep, hollow, like coughing in a
barrel; < at night, from sweets, on lying
down; > by lying on stomach.
Sputa: albuminous, frothy; small, green,
bitter balls; viscid, difficult to raise.
Incipient consumption;
Severe pains in middle lobes.
31. RHEUMATIC AFFECTIONS
Pain in back between scapulae; whole length of spine sore to
touch (Chin. s.). < by stretching.
Rheumatism of top of shoulder and arm; pains extend to
fingers, < by motion (right, Sang. - left, Fer.).
Lumber vertebrae painful and sensitive to touch. Pain in
sacrum, coccyx, and back of hips running around and down
limbs.
Heaviness of legs, feel like lead; walking very difficult, legs are
so heavy, legs give way. Lower limbs ache all night,
preventing sleep. Intensely restless and fidgety legs and feet
(Zinc.). <during an electrical storm. Aching in legs, with
inability to keep them still in bed, < when giving up control of
himself, when relaxing, in trying to sleep.
Coldness of legs and feet; of hands and forearms.
Ankles easily turn when walking (Carbo an., Led.).
Burning of hands and feet, wants them uncovered and fanned
(Lach., Sulph.).
32. TO SUM UP SPECIAL INDICATIONS OF
MEDORRHINUM IN
COMMON SKIN CONDITIONS
THICKNESS OF THE EPIDERMIS AS CRUST,
SCABS ETC., - VERY THICK AND IRREGULAR
COLOUR – DARKER THAN NORMAL FOR THE
GIVEN CONDITION
ODOUR – REPULSIVE, HORRIBLE
DISCHARGES – THICK, BLACKISH, SCANTY
PERSPIRATION – INDELIBLE STAINS WITH
TYPICAL ODOUR
MARKED AGGRAVATION DURING DAY TIME
PROGRESS OF THE DISEASE – SLOW AND
VERY CHRONIC IN NATURE.